1
|
Liu Z, Sun M, Liu W, Feng F, Li X, Jin C, Zhang Y, Wang J. Deficiency of purinergic P2X4 receptor alleviates experimental autoimmune hepatitis in mice. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 221:116033. [PMID: 38301964 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Purinergic P2X4 receptor (P2X4R) has been shown to have immunomodulatory properties in infection, inflammation, and organ damage including liver regeneration and fibrosis. However, the mechanisms and pathophysiology associated with P2X4R during acute liver injury remain unknown. We used P2X4R-/- mice to explore the role of P2X4R in three different models of acute liver injury caused by concanavalin A (ConA), carbon tetrachloride, and acetaminophen. ConA treatment results in an increased expression of P2X4R in the liver of mice, which was positively correlated with higher levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in the serum. However, P2X4R gene ablation significantly reduced the severity of acute hepatitis in mice caused by ConA, but not by carbon tetrachloride or acetaminophen. The protective benefits against immune-mediated acute hepatitis were achieved via modulating inflammation (Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-17A, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α), oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase), apoptosis markers (Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3), autophagy biomarkers (LC3, Beclin-1, and p62), and nucleotide oligomerization domain-likereceptorprotein 3(NLRP3) inflammasome-activated pyroptosis markers (NLRP3, Gasdermin D, Caspase-1, ASC, IL-1β). Additionally, administration of P2X4R antagonist (5-BDBD) or agonist (cytidine 5'-triphosphate) either improved or worsened ConA-induced autoimmune hepatitis, respectively. This study is the first to reveal that the absence of the P2X4 receptor may mitigate immune-mediated liver damage, potentially by restraining inflammation, oxidation, and programmed cell death mechanisms. And highlight P2X4 receptor is essential for ConA-induced acute hepatitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zejin Liu
- Infection and Immunity Institute and Translational Medical Center of Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Mengyang Sun
- Infection and Immunity Institute and Translational Medical Center of Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Wenhua Liu
- Infection and Immunity Institute and Translational Medical Center of Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Fangyu Feng
- Infection and Immunity Institute and Translational Medical Center of Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Infection and Immunity Institute and Translational Medical Center of Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Chaolei Jin
- Infection and Immunity Institute and Translational Medical Center of Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Yijie Zhang
- Infection and Immunity Institute and Translational Medical Center of Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Junpeng Wang
- Infection and Immunity Institute and Translational Medical Center of Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Simões JLB, Braga GDC, Mittelmann TH, Bagatini MD. Current Pharmacology and Modulation of the Purinergic System in Takotsubo Syndrome Triggered by Cytokine Storm. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102019. [PMID: 37544631 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.102019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Studies show that with the COVID-19 pandemic, the world's population went through multiple stress and anxiety factors, generating serious psychological problems, in addition, the virus also caused damage and physical stress to those contaminated. In this way, the intense emotional experiences and stressful effects on the body caused by SARS-CoV-2 are capable of triggering the excessive release of catecholamines in the body. Thus, the framework of Takotsubo Syndrome is characterized by myocardial dysfunction as a response of cardiac receptors to the spillage of such hormones in an unregulated way in the human body. The purinergic system plays a central role in this process, as it actively participates in actions responsible for the syndromic cascade, such as the stress generated by the cytokine storm triggered by the virus and the stimulation of deregulated catecholamine release. Therefore, further pharmacological studies on the role of purines in this pathology should be developed in order to avoid the evolution of the syndrome and to modulate its P1 and P2 receptors aiming at developing means of reversing or treating the Takotsubo Syndrome.
Collapse
|
3
|
Saito T, Shukla NM, Sato-Kaneko F, Sako Y, Hosoya T, Yao S, Lao FS, Messer K, Pu M, Chan M, Chu PJ, Cottam HB, Hayashi T, Carson DA, Corr M. Small Molecule Calcium Channel Activator Potentiates Adjuvant Activity. ACS Chem Biol 2022; 17:217-229. [PMID: 34985883 PMCID: PMC8788586 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
There remains an unmet need for reliable fully synthetic adjuvants that increase lasting protective immune responses from vaccines. We previously reported a high-throughput screening for small molecules that extended nuclear factor kappa-light-chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) activation after a Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) ligand, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), stimulation using a human myeloid reporter cell line. We identified compounds with a conserved aminothiazole scaffold including 2D216 [N-(4-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)thiazol-2-yl)-4-(piperidin-1-ylsulfonyl)benzamide], which increased murine antigen-specific antibody responses when used as a co-adjuvant with LPS. Here, we examined the mechanism of action in human cells. Although 2D216 activated the major mitogen-activated protein kinases, it did not interact with common kinases and phosphatases and did not stimulate many of the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Instead, the mechanism of action was linked to intracellular Ca2+ elevation via Ca2+ channel(s) at the plasma membrane and nuclear translocation of the nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) as supported by RNA-seq data, analysis by reporter cells, Ca2+ flux assays, and immunoblots. Interestingly, 2D216 had minimal, if any, activity on Jurkat T cells but induced cytokine production and surface expression of costimulatory molecules on cells with antigen-presenting functions. A small series of analogs of 2D216 were tested for the ability to enhance a TLR4 ligand-stimulated autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). In the MLR, 2E151, N-(4-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)thiazol-2-yl)-4-((4-propylpiperidin-1-yl)sulfonyl)benzamide, was more potent than 2D216. These results indicate that a small molecule that is not a direct PRR agonist can act as a co-adjuvant to an approved adjuvant to enhance human immune responses via a complementary mechanism of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Saito
- Moores
Cancer Center, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0809, United States
- Department
of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Nikunj M. Shukla
- Moores
Cancer Center, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0809, United States
| | - Fumi Sato-Kaneko
- Moores
Cancer Center, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0809, United States
| | - Yukiya Sako
- Moores
Cancer Center, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0809, United States
| | - Tadashi Hosoya
- Moores
Cancer Center, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0809, United States
- Department
of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Shiyin Yao
- Moores
Cancer Center, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0809, United States
| | - Fitzgerald S. Lao
- Moores
Cancer Center, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0809, United States
| | - Karen Messer
- Herbert
Wertheim School of Public Health and Longevity, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0901, United States
| | - Minya Pu
- Herbert
Wertheim School of Public Health and Longevity, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0901, United States
| | - Michael Chan
- Moores
Cancer Center, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0809, United States
| | - Paul J. Chu
- Moores
Cancer Center, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0809, United States
| | - Howard B. Cottam
- Moores
Cancer Center, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0809, United States
| | - Tomoko Hayashi
- Moores
Cancer Center, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0809, United States
| | - Dennis A. Carson
- Moores
Cancer Center, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0809, United States
| | - Maripat Corr
- Department
of Medicine, University of California San
Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0656, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Odnoshivkina YG, Petrov AM. The Role of Neuro-Cardiac Junctions
in Sympathetic Regulation of the Heart. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093021030078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
5
|
Woo SH, Trinh TN. P2 Receptors in Cardiac Myocyte Pathophysiology and Mechanotransduction. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010251. [PMID: 33383710 PMCID: PMC7794727 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP is a major energy source in the mammalian cells, but it is an extracellular chemical messenger acting on P2 purinergic receptors. A line of evidence has shown that ATP is released from many different types of cells including neurons, endothelial cells, and muscle cells. In this review, we described the distribution of P2 receptor subtypes in the cardiac cells and their physiological and pathological roles in the heart. So far, the effects of external application of ATP or its analogues, and those of UTP on cardiac contractility and rhythm have been reported. In addition, specific genetic alterations and pharmacological agonists and antagonists have been adopted to discover specific roles of P2 receptor subtypes including P2X4-, P2X7-, P2Y2- and P2Y6-receptors in cardiac cells under physiological and pathological conditions. Accumulated data suggest that P2X4 receptors may play a beneficial role in cardiac muscle function, and that P2Y2- and P2Y6-receptors can induce cardiac fibrosis. Recent evidence further demonstrates P2Y1 receptor and P2X4 receptor as important mechanical signaling molecules to alter membrane potential and Ca2+ signaling in atrial myocytes and their uneven expression profile between right and left atrium.
Collapse
|
6
|
Resolving the Ionotropic P2X4 Receptor Mystery Points Towards a New Therapeutic Target for Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21145005. [PMID: 32679900 PMCID: PMC7404342 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21145005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a primordial versatile autacoid that changes its role from an intracellular energy saver to a signaling molecule once released to the extracellular milieu. Extracellular ATP and its adenosine metabolite are the main activators of the P2 and P1 purinoceptor families, respectively. Mounting evidence suggests that the ionotropic P2X4 receptor (P2X4R) plays pivotal roles in the regulation of the cardiovascular system, yet further therapeutic advances have been hampered by the lack of selective P2X4R agonists. In this review, we provide the state of the art of the P2X4R activity in the cardiovascular system. We also discuss the role of P2X4R activation in kidney and lungs vis a vis their interplay to control cardiovascular functions and dysfunctions, including putative adverse effects emerging from P2X4R activation. Gathering this information may prompt further development of selective P2X4R agonists and its translation to the clinical practice.
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang WJ, Luo HL, Zhu ZM. The role of P2X4 receptors in chronic pain: A potential pharmacological target. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 129:110447. [PMID: 32887026 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain is a common symptom of most clinical diseases, which seriously affects the psychosomatic health of patients and brings some pain to patients. Due to its pathological mechanism is very complicated and the treatment of chronic pain has always been a difficult problem in clinical. Normally, drugs are usually used to relieve pain, but the analgesic effect is not good, especially for cancer pain patients, the analgesic effect is poor. Therefore, exploring the pathogenesis and treatment of chronic pain has aroused the interest of many researchers. A large number of studies have shown that the role of ATP and P2X4 receptor (P2X4R) play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic pain. P2X4R is dependent on ATP ligand-gated ion channel receptor, which can be activated by ATP and plays an important role in the information transmission of nerve system and the formation of pain. Therefore, in this paper, we comprehensively described the structure and biological functions of P2X4R, and outlined behavioral evaluation methods of chronic pain models. Moreover, we also explored the inherent relationship between P2X4R and chronic pain, and described the therapeutic effect of P2X4R antagonist on chronic pain, and provided some valuable help for the treatment of chronic pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jun Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, 343000, China.
| | - Hong-Liang Luo
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, 343000, China.
| | - Zheng-Ming Zhu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, 343000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang WJ, Zhu ZM, Liu ZX. The role of P2X4 receptor in neuropathic pain and its pharmacological properties. Pharmacol Res 2020; 158:104875. [PMID: 32407956 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NPP) is a common symptom of most diseases in clinic, which seriously affects the mental health of patients and brings certain pain to patients. Due to its pathological mechanism is very complicated, and thus, its treatment has been one of the challenges in the field of medicine. Therefore, exploring the pathogenesis and treatment approach of NPP has aroused the interest of many researchers. ATP is an important energy information substance, which participates in the signal transmission in the body. The P2 × 4 receptor (P2 × 4R) is dependent on ATP ligand-gated cationic channel receptor, which can be activated by ATP and plays an important role in the transmission of information in the nervous system and the formation of pain. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review of the structure and function of the P2 × 4R gene. We also discuss the pathogenesis of NPP and the intrinsic relationship between P2 × 4R and NPP. Moreover, we explore the pharmacological properties of P2 × 4R antagonists or inhibitors used as targeted therapies for NPP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jun Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, 343000, China.
| | - Zheng-Ming Zhu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, 343000, China.
| | - Zeng-Xu Liu
- Basic Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, 343000, China
| |
Collapse
|