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Xia M, Ma S, Wang Y, Chen D, Jiang L, Wen C, Wu G, Wang X. An innovative UPLC-MS/MS method for the quantitation and pharmacokinetics of eupafolin in rat plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2024; 1245:124272. [PMID: 39153406 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2024.124272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
In this experiment, a rapid and highly sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) technology was established and validated for the quantitation and pharmacokinetic analysis of eupafolin in rat plasma, utilizing licochalcone B as internal standard (IS). After liquid-liquid extraction of the analyte samples by ethyl acetate, chromatographic separation was achieved using a UPLC HSS T3 column under gradient elution conditions, with the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and water (with 0.1 % formic acid). Eupafolin was quantified by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) in electrospray positive-ion mode (ESI+), employing the mass transition m/z 315.2 → 300.3 for eupafolin and m/z 285.4 → 270.3 for IS. Eupafolin demonstrated excellent linear relationship (r > 0.99) over the concentration range of 1.25-1250 ng/mL, with the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) of the UPLC-MS/MS assay determined as 1.25 ng/mL. Method validation followed the bioanalytical method validation criteria outlined by the FDA. The accuracy of eupafolin ranged from 86.7 % to 111.2 %, and the precision was less than 12 %. The matrix effect was observed at 92.8 %-98.6 %, while the recoveries exceeded 83.2 %. The established UPLC-MS/MS assay was successfully employed for the pharmacokinetic evaluation of eupafolin in rats. The half-lives (t1/2z) were determined to be 1.4 ± 0.4 h and 2.5 ± 1.4 h for intravenous and oral administration, respectively. Notably, the bioavailability of eupafolin was relatively low (8.3 %). The optimized UPLC-MS/MS technology showed highly sensitive, selective, and effective, rendering it suitable for the pharmacokinetics of eupafolin in preclinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengming Xia
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated LiHuiLi Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shunjun Ma
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated LiHuiLi Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dizhong Chen
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lai Jiang
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Congcong Wen
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Guangliang Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated LiHuiLi Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xianqin Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Chen X, Li H. Bruceine D and Narclasine inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cells and the prediction of potential drug targets. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297203. [PMID: 38215156 PMCID: PMC10786365 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is one of the most common female malignancies. This study explored the underlying mechanism through which the two plant compounds (Brucaine D and Narclasine) inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer cells. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of Brucaine D and Narclasine on breast cancer development and their potential drug targets. METHODS GSE85871 dataset containing 212 samples and the hallmark gene set "h.all.v2023.1.Hs.symbols.gmt" were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB) database, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to classify clusters showing similar gene expression pattern. Single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was used to calculate the hallmark score for different drug treatment groups. The expressions of genes related to angiogenesis, glycolysis and cell cycle were detected. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis was performed to study the interaction of the hub genes. Then, HERB database was employed to identify potential target genes for Narclasine and Bruceine D. Finally, in vitro experiments were conducted to validate partial drug-target pair. RESULTS PCA analysis showed that the significant changes in gene expression patterns took place in 6 drugs treatment groups (Narciclasine, Bruceine D, Japonicone A, 1beta-hydroxyalatolactone, Britanin, and four mixture drugs) in comparison to the remaining drug treatment groups. The ssGSEA pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that Narciclasine and Bruceine treatments had similar enriched pathways, for instance, suppressed pathways related to angiogenesis, Glycolysis, and cell cycle, etc.. Further gene expression analysis confirmed that Narciclasine and Bruceine had a strong ability to inhibit these cell cycle genes, and that MYC, CHEK2, MELK, CDK4 and EZH2 were closely interacted with each other in the PPI analysis. Drug target prediction revealed that Androgen Receptor (AR) and Estrogen Receptor 1 (ESR1) were the targets for Bruceine D, and Cytochrome P450 3A4 enzyme (CYP3A4) was the target for Narciclasine. Cell experiments also confirmed the connections between Narciclasine and CYP3A4. CONCLUSION The present study uncovered that Narciclasine and Bruceine D could inhibit the growth of breast cancer and also predicted the potential targets for these two drugs, providing a new therapeutic direction for breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhao Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Hua Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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Zhao S, Cui J, Cao L, Han K, Ma X, Chen H, Yin S, Zhao C, Ma C, Hu H. Xanthohumol inhibits non-small cell lung cancer via directly targeting T-lymphokine-activated killer cell-originated protein kinase. Phytother Res 2023. [PMID: 36882184 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Xanthohumol is a principal prenylated chalcone isolated from hops. Previous studies have shown that xanthohumol was effective against various types of cancer, but the mechanisms, especially the direct targets for xanthohumol to exert an anticancer effect, remain elusive. Overexpression of T-lymphokine-activated killer cell-originated protein kinase (TOPK) promotes tumorigenesis, invasion and metastasis, implying the likely potential for targeting TOPK in cancer prevention and treatment. In the present study, we found that xanthohumol significantly inhibited the cell proliferation, migration and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in vitro and suppressed tumor growth in vivo, which is well correlated with inactivating TOPK, evidenced by reduced phosphorylation of TOPK and its downstream signaling histone H3 and Akt, and decreased its kinase activity. Moreover, molecular docking and biomolecular interaction analysis showed that xanthohumol was able to directly bind to the TOPK protein, suggesting that TOPK inactivation by xanthohumol is attributed to its ability to directly interact with TOPK. The findings of the present study identified TOPK as a direct target for xanthohumol to exert its anticancer activity, revealing novel insight into the mechanisms underlying the anticancer activity of xanthohumol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinling Cui
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lixing Cao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Han
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Ma
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shutao Yin
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chong Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Changwei Ma
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbo Hu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Eupafolin regulates non-small-cell lung cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by suppressing MMP9 and RhoA via FAK/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. J Biosci 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-022-00323-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Bajalia EM, Azzouz FB, Chism DA, Giansiracusa DM, Wong CG, Plaskett KN, Bishayee A. Phytochemicals for the Prevention and Treatment of Renal Cell Carcinoma: Preclinical and Clinical Evidence and Molecular Mechanisms. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3278. [PMID: 35805049 PMCID: PMC9265746 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is associated with about 90% of renal malignancies, and its incidence is increasing globally. Plant-derived compounds have gained significant attention in the scientific community for their preventative and therapeutic effects on cancer. To evaluate the anticancer potential of phytocompounds for RCC, we compiled a comprehensive and systematic review of the available literature. Our work was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria. The literature search was performed using scholarly databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect and keywords such as renal cell carcinoma, phytochemicals, cancer, tumor, proliferation, apoptosis, prevention, treatment, in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies. Based on in vitro results, various phytochemicals, such as phenolics, terpenoids, alkaloids, and sulfur-containing compounds, suppressed cell viability, proliferation and growth, showed cytotoxic activity, inhibited invasion and migration, and enhanced the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs in RCC. In various animal tumor models, phytochemicals suppressed renal tumor growth, reduced tumor size, and hindered angiogenesis and metastasis. The relevant antineoplastic mechanisms involved upregulation of caspases, reduction in cyclin activity, induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via modulation of a plethora of cell signaling pathways. Clinical studies demonstrated a reduced risk for the development of kidney cancer and enhancement of the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs. Both preclinical and clinical studies displayed significant promise of utilizing phytochemicals for the prevention and treatment of RCC. Further research, confirming the mechanisms and regulatory pathways, along with randomized controlled trials, are needed to establish the use of phytochemicals in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA; (E.M.B.); (F.B.A.); (D.A.C.); (D.M.G.); (C.G.W.); (K.N.P.)
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Lee DH, Jeong YJ, Won JY, Sim HI, Park Y, Jin HS. PBK/TOPK Is a Favorable Prognostic Biomarker Correlated with Antitumor Immunity in Colon Cancers. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020299. [PMID: 35203508 PMCID: PMC8869639 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy has proven efficacy in a subset of colon cancer patients featuring a deficient DNA mismatch repair system or a high microsatellite instability profile. However, there is high demand for more effective biomarkers to expand the colon cancer population responding to ICI therapy. PBK/TOPK, a serine/threonine kinase, plays a role in cell cycle regulation and mitotic progression. Here, we investigated the correlation between PBK/TOPK expression and tumor immunity and its prognostic value in colon cancer. Based on large-scale bioinformatics analysis, we discovered that elevated PBK/TOPK expression predicted a favorable outcome in patients with colon cancer and was positively associated with immune infiltration levels of CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, natural killer cells, and M1 macrophages. In contrast, a negative correlation was found between PBK/TOPK expression and immune suppressor cells, including regulatory T cells and M2 macrophages. Furthermore, the expression of PBK/TOPK was correlated with the expression of T-cell cytotoxicity genes in colon cancer. Additionally, high PBK/TOPK expression was associated with mutations in DNA damage repair genes, and thus with increased tumor mutation and neoantigen burden. These findings suggest that PBK/TOPK may serve as a prognostic and predictive biomarker for immunotherapy in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hee Lee
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (D.-H.L.); (Y.-J.J.); (J.-Y.W.)
| | - Yu-Jeong Jeong
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (D.-H.L.); (Y.-J.J.); (J.-Y.W.)
| | - Ju-Young Won
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (D.-H.L.); (Y.-J.J.); (J.-Y.W.)
| | - Hye-In Sim
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea;
| | - Yoon Park
- Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea;
- Correspondence: (Y.P.); (H.-S.J.)
| | - Hyung-Seung Jin
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (D.-H.L.); (Y.-J.J.); (J.-Y.W.)
- Correspondence: (Y.P.); (H.-S.J.)
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The role of T-LAK cell-originated protein kinase in targeted cancer therapy. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:759-769. [PMID: 35037144 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04329-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Targeted therapy has gradually become the first-line clinical tumor therapy due to its high specificity and low rate of side effects. TOPK (T-LAK cell-originated protein kinase), a MAP kinase, is highly expressed in various tumor tissues, while it is rarely expressed in normal tissues, with the exceptions of testicular germ cells and some fetal tissues. It can promote cancer cell proliferation and migration and is also related to drug resistance. Therefore, TOPK is considered a good therapeutic target. Moreover, a number of studies have shown that targeting TOPK can inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells and promote their apoptosis. Here, we discussed the biological functions of TOPK in cancer and summarized its tumor-related signaling network and known TOPK inhibitors. Finally, the role of TOPK in targeted cancer therapy was concluded, and future research directions for TOPK were assessed.
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Wang C, Qiao X, Wang J, Yang J, Yang C, Qiao Y, Guan Y, Wen A, Jiang L. Amelioration of DMH-induced colon cancer by eupafolin through the reprogramming of apoptosis-associated p53/Bcl2/Bax signaling in rats. EUR J INFLAMM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/20587392211069771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Colorectal cancer is the third most common malignancy and the second most deadly cancer worldwide. In this present study, the effects of eupafolin on DMH-induced colon cancer in rats were assessed. Methods: The acute and sub-acute oral toxicity study in the balb/c mice was performed to evaluate the LD50 dose and the chemotherapeutic doses of eupafolin. The colon cancer was induced in the animals through a single intraperitoneal injection (i.p) of 30 mg/kg of dimethylhydrazine followed by 2% DSS for 7 days in the drinking water in male Wistar rats. The rats were treated with eupafolin (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) through oral route for 18 weeks. The animals were sacrificed and colon tissues were subsequently investigated for aberrant crypt foci (ACF), in vivo antioxidant studies, histology and immunohistochemical analysis, and apoptosis by TUNNEL technique after 18 weeks of eupafolin therapy. Results: The acute oral toxicity data represented the LD50 dose of eupafolin which was found to be 500 mg/kg body weight. Along with that, the sub-acute toxicity study suggested the chemotherapeutic doses of eupafolin, that is, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight. Eupafolin therapy inhibits ACF development in rat colon mucosa efficiently. Additionally, eupafolin has improved the colonic lesions and the structural integrity of the colonic mucosa. Eupafolin therapy causes anti-oxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione to increase as well. Increased levels of P53, BAX, and PCNA and a simultaneous decrease in Bcl2 and IL-6 expressions show eupafolin therapy successfully regulated these biological markers in colorectal cancer. Eupafolin also induced apoptosis efficiently in the rat colon mucous membrane. Conclusion: These results show that eupafolin can improve colon cancer by modulating the p53, Bcl2, BAX, and IL-6 pathways in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Huaian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Xiao Qiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Huaian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Burn and Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yi Qiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yue Guan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Aidong Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Liuqin Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Huang H, Lee MH, Liu K, Dong Z, Ryoo Z, Kim MO. PBK/TOPK: An Effective Drug Target with Diverse Therapeutic Potential. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092232. [PMID: 34066486 PMCID: PMC8124186 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer is a major public health problem worldwide, and addressing its morbidity, mortality, and prevalence is the first step towards appropriate control measures. Over the past several decades, many pharmacologists have worked to identify anti-cancer targets and drug development strategies. Within this timeframe, many natural compounds have been developed to inhibit cancer growth by targeting kinases, such as AKT, AURKA, and TOPK. Kinase assays and computer modeling are considered to be effective and powerful tools for target screening, as they can predict physical interactions between small molecules and their bio-molecular targets. In the present review, we summarize the inhibitors and compounds that target TOPK and describe its role in cancer progression. The extensive body of research that has investigated the contribution of TOPK to cancer suggests that it may be a promising target for cancer therapy. Abstract T-lymphokine-activated killer cell-originated protein kinase (TOPK, also known as PDZ-binding kinase or PBK) plays a crucial role in cell cycle regulation and mitotic progression. Abnormal overexpression or activation of TOPK has been observed in many cancers, including colorectal cancer, triple-negative breast cancer, and melanoma, and it is associated with increased development, dissemination, and poor clinical outcomes and prognosis in cancer. Moreover, TOPK phosphorylates p38, JNK, ERK, and AKT, which are involved in many cellular functions, and participates in the activation of multiple signaling pathways related to MAPK, PI3K/PTEN/AKT, and NOTCH1; thus, the direct or indirect interactions of TOPK make it a highly attractive yet elusive target for cancer therapy. Small molecule inhibitors targeting TOPK have shown great therapeutic potential in the treatment of cancer both in vitro and in vivo, even in combination with chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Therefore, targeting TOPK could be an important approach for cancer prevention and therapy. Thus, the purpose of the present review was to consider and analyze the role of TOPK as a drug target in cancer therapy and describe the recent findings related to its role in tumor development. Moreover, this review provides an overview of the current progress in the discovery and development of TOPK inhibitors, considering future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Huang
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, ITRD, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Korea;
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou 450008, China; (K.L.); (Z.D.)
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju, Jeollanamdo 58245, Korea;
| | - Kangdong Liu
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou 450008, China; (K.L.); (Z.D.)
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Academy of Medical Science, College of Medical, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zigang Dong
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou 450008, China; (K.L.); (Z.D.)
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Academy of Medical Science, College of Medical, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zeayoung Ryoo
- School of Life Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
- Correspondence: (Z.R.); (M.O.K.); Tel.: +82-54-530-1234 (M.O.K.)
| | - Myoung Ok Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, ITRD, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Korea;
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou 450008, China; (K.L.); (Z.D.)
- Correspondence: (Z.R.); (M.O.K.); Tel.: +82-54-530-1234 (M.O.K.)
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Wei J, Zhang X, Pan H, He S, Yuan B, Liu Q, Zhang J, Ding Y. Eupafolin inhibits breast cancer cell proliferation and induces apoptosis by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:332. [PMID: 33692864 PMCID: PMC7933747 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Eupafolin is a flavonoid extracted from common sage. Previous studies have reported that Eupafolin has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor effects. However, its role in breast cancer remains unclear. The present study investigated the effects and underlying mechanism of action of Eupafolin using breast cancer cell lines. The effects of Eupafolin on breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis and the cell cycle were determined. Cell viability and Transwell assays, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, flow cytometry and western blot analysis were used in this study. The data showed that the proliferation, migration and invasion ability of EO771 cells treated with Eupafolin was significantly decreased, and the apoptosis rate was increased compared with that of the control. The protein levels of Bax and cleaved caspase 3 increased, whereas that of Bcl-2 decreased. In addition, Eupafolin treatment also caused the proliferation of breast cancer cells to be arrested at the G0/G1 phase. Furthermore, results from western blotting indicated that Eupafolin treatment decreased the protein levels of p-PI3K, p-Akt and p-mTOR. Taken together, the present findings demonstrate that Eupafolin has a significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of EO771 cells, inhibits cell migration and invasion, and promotes cell apoptosis, thereby causing G0/G1 phase arrest, at least partially through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Therefore, the findings provide novel insights regarding the use of Eupafolin for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Wei
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, P.R. China
| | - Xuefeng Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, P.R. China
| | - Huihao Pan
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, P.R. China
| | - Song He
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, P.R. China
| | - Bao Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, P.R. China
| | - Qing Liu
- The Second Clinical School of Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine-Zhuhai Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Jiabao Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, P.R. China
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, P.R. China
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Mu X, Wang L, Zhang Z, Ge R, Zhang J, Liu W, Mou K, Lv S. Scutellarin Suppresses RPMI7951 Melanoma Cell Proliferation by Targeting TOPK. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 21:640-648. [PMID: 32781970 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200811112156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND T-LAK cell-Originated Protein Kinase (TOPK) belongs to the serine/threonine protein kinase family. It is highly expressed in RPMI7951 melanoma cells. Scutellarin (SCU) is an active ingredient extracted from Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand.-Mazz. Its main physiological functions are related to its anti-inflammatory and antitumour activities. METHODS The relationship between SCU and TOPK was assessed by molecular docking, an in vitro binding assay and an in vitro kinase assay. The effect of SCU on RPMI7951 cells was detected by MTS and soft agar assays. TOPK knockdown was induced by lentiviral infection. The TOPK downstream signalling pathway was detected by western blot and immunohistochemical analyses in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS SCU was found to directly bind with TOPK and inhibit TOPK activity in vitro. SCU inhibited the proliferation and colony formation of RPMI7951 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Silencing TOPK decreased the sensitivity of colon cancer cells to SCU. SCU inhibited the phosphorylation levels of Extracellular Regulated protein Kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) and histone H3 in a time- and dose-dependent manner in RPMI7951 cells. In addition, SCU inhibited the growth of xenograft tumours of RPMI7951 cells and decreased the phosphorylation levels of extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2 and histone H3 in vivo. CONCLUSION The results showed that SCU exerts promising antitumour effects on human RPMI7951 cells by inhibiting the activity of TOPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Mu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Zixi Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Rui Ge
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Wenli Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Kuanhou Mou
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Shemin Lv
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
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Chu B, Chen S, Zheng X, Ye J, Cheng X, Zhang L, Guo D, Wang P, Hong D, Hong Z. Nepetin inhibits osteoclastogenesis by inhibiting RANKL-induced activation of NF-κB and MAPK signalling pathway, and autophagy. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:14366-14380. [PMID: 33135301 PMCID: PMC7754000 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aseptic prosthetic loosening due to wear particle-induced inflammatory osteolysis is the main cause of failure for artificial joint replacement. The inflammatory response and the production of pro-osteoclastic factors lead to elevation of osteoclast formation and excessive activity results in extensive bone destruction around the bone-implant interface. Here we showed that Nepetin, a natural bioactive flavonoid with proven anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative properties, potently inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation, formation and bone resorption in vitro, and protected mice against the deleterious effects of titanium particle-induced calvarial osteolysis in vivo. Mechanistically, Nepetin attenuated RANKL-induced activation of NF-κB and MAPK signalling pathways and TRAF6-dependent ubiquitination of Beclin 1 which is necessary for the induction of autophagy. In brief, our study demonstrates the potential therapeutic application of Nepetin against osteoclast-mediated osteolytic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binxiang Chu
- Department of Orthopedic, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Shenao Chen
- Department of Orthopedic, Dajiangdong Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohe Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Jiajing Ye
- Department of Orthopedic, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Xu Cheng
- Department of Orthopedic, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Liwei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Di Guo
- Department of Orthopedic, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Orthopedic, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Dun Hong
- Department of Orthopedic, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Zhenghua Hong
- Department of Orthopedic, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
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Ding F, Liu J, Zhang X. microRNA-375 released from extracellular vesicles of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells exerts anti-oncogenic effects against cervical cancer. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:455. [PMID: 33109266 PMCID: PMC7592378 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01908-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is the most prevalent gynecological malignancies accompanied by high mortality, where finding a more effective therapeutic option for cervical cancer is necessary. The inhibitory role of microRNAs (miRNAs) derived from the extracellular vesicles (EVs) of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) was analyzed in cervical cancer. METHODS Expression of miR-375 was examined by RT-qPCR in cervical cancer cell lines. The targeting relation between miR-375 and maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK) was predicted by bioinformatics analysis and verified by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Isolated BMSCs were transfected with lentivirus-mediated vectors, followed by EV extraction. The morphology of EVs was then identified using a NanoSight particle size analyzer and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The biological properties of cervical cancer cells were evaluated using Transwell, EdU, and TUNEL assays, respectively. Xenograft tumors in nude mice were observed to assess cervical tumorigenesis in vivo. RESULTS Low expression of miR-375 and high expression of MELK were detected in cervical cancer samples. MELK was identified as the target gene of miR-375, which was negatively correlated with miR-375 levels. Overexpression of miR-375 suppressed proliferation, migration, and invasion of cervical cancer cells, but enhanced cell apoptosis by cooperating with downregulated MELK expression. miR-375 transferred from BMSC-derived EVs exerted the same effects on cell biological activities. Xenograft assays in vivo proved that miR-375 from BMSC-derived EVs inhibited tumor growth. CONCLUSION The present study highlighted the role of miR-375 from BMSC-derived EVs in suppressing the progression of cervical cancer, which may contribute to the discovery of novel potential biomarkers for cervical cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Ding
- Department of Education and Teaching, Linyi People’s Hospital, Linyi, 276000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinhua Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Linyi People’s Hospital, Linyi, 276000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- The 3rd Department of Gynecology, Linyi People’s Hospital, No. 27, East Section of Jiefang Road, Lanshan District, Linyi, 276000 Shandong Province People’s Republic of China
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Chen X, Yao Z, Peng X, Wu L, Wu H, Ou Y, Lai J. Eupafolin alleviates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats via blocking the TLR4/NF‑κB signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:5135-5144. [PMID: 33173992 PMCID: PMC7646971 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Eupatorium perfoliatum L. (E. perfoliatium) has been used traditionally for treating fever, malaria and inflammation‑associated diseases. Eupafolin, the extract of E. perfoliatium, was also reported to suppress inflammation. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of eupafolin on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats and its possible underlying mechanisms. Cerebral I/R injury was induced in rats by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 1.5 h, followed by reperfusion. The rats were randomly assigned into six groups: Control, model, 10 mg/kg eupafolin, 20 mg/kg eupafolin, 50 mg/kg eupafolin and 20 mg/kg nimodipine. Eupafolin and nimodipine were intragastrically administrated to the rats 1 week before MCAO induction. Following reperfusion for 24 h, the neurological deficit was scored, and brain samples were harvested for evaluating encephaledema, infarct volume, oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation and the expression of TLR4/NF‑κB signaling. The results revealed that eupafolin decreased the neurological score, relieved encephaledema and decreased infarct volume. Eupafolin also attenuated oxidative stress, neuronal apoptosis and inflammation, with decreases in lactate dehydrogenase, malondialdehyde, TUNEL‑positive cells, Bax and caspase‑3, along with TNF‑α, IL‑1β and IL‑6, but increases in superoxide dismutase and Bcl‑2 levels. Furthermore, eupafolin may decrease the expression of TLR4 downstream proteins and proteins involved in the NF‑κB pathway. Treatment with TLR4 agonist‑LPS significantly blunted the protective effect of eupafolin on encephaledema and cerebral infarct. Meanwhile, 20 mg/kg eupafolin showed nearly equivalent effects to the positive‑control drug nimodipine. In conclusion, eupafolin protected against cerebral I/R injury in rats and the underlying mechanism may be associated with the suppression of apoptosis and inflammation via inhibiting the TLR4/ NF‑κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingwang Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518104, P.R. China
| | - Zhijun Yao
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518104, P.R. China
| | - Xian Peng
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518104, P.R. China
| | - Long Wu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518104, P.R. China
| | - Huachu Wu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518104, P.R. China
| | - Yuantong Ou
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518104, P.R. China
| | - Jianbo Lai
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518104, P.R. China
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管 柳, 邹 晴, 刘 倩, 陈 斯. [Comparison of B-NDG ? and BALB/c mouse models bearing patient-derived xenografts of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2020; 40:1200-1206. [PMID: 32895183 PMCID: PMC7429172 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2020.08.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the difference of tumor formation in different mouse strains bearing patient-derived xenograft of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) and establish a better animal model for preclinical study of individualized treatment of ESCC. METHODS The tumor tissues collected from 22 ESCC patients were used to establish tumor-bearing mouse models in B-NDG? (NSG) mice and BALB/c nude mice. The tumor formation rate and tumor formation time were compared between the two mouse models, and HE staining, immunohistochemistry and genome sequencing were carried out to assess the consistency between transplanted tumor tissues in the models and patient-derived tumor tissues. RESULTS The tumor-bearing models were established successfully in both NSG mice (50%, 11/22) and BALB/c nude mice (18.18%, 4/22). The average tumor formation time was significantly shorter in NSG mice than in BALB/c nude mice (75.95 vs 91.67 days, P < 0.001). In both of the mouse models, the transplanted tumors maintained morphological characteristics identical to those of patient-derived ESCC tumors. Genetic analysis showed that the xenografts in NSG mice had a greater genetic similarity to the patients' tumors than those in BALB/c nude mice (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Mouse models bearing xenografts of patient-derived ESCC can be successfully established in both NSG mice and BALB/c nude mice, but the models in the former mouse strain can be more reliable.
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Affiliation(s)
- 柳柳 管
- 广东药科大学附属第一医院肿瘤科,广东 广州 510080Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- 广东省食管癌精准治疗工程技术研究中心,广东 广州 510080Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Esophageal Cancer Precise Therapy, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - 晴晴 邹
- 广东药科大学附属第一医院肿瘤科,广东 广州 510080Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- 广东省食管癌精准治疗工程技术研究中心,广东 广州 510080Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Esophageal Cancer Precise Therapy, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - 倩 刘
- 广东省食管癌精准治疗工程技术研究中心,广东 广州 510080Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Esophageal Cancer Precise Therapy, Guangzhou 510080, China
- 广东药科大学附属第一医院科学研究中心,广东 广州 510080Scientific Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - 斯泽 陈
- 广东药科大学附属第一医院肿瘤科,广东 广州 510080Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- 广东省食管癌精准治疗工程技术研究中心,广东 广州 510080Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Esophageal Cancer Precise Therapy, Guangzhou 510080, China
- 广东药科大学附属第一医院科学研究中心,广东 广州 510080Scientific Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Flavonoids Distinctly Stabilize Lymph Endothelial- or Blood Endothelial Disintegration Induced by Colon Cancer Spheroids SW620. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25092066. [PMID: 32365473 PMCID: PMC7248751 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The health effects of plant phenolics in vegetables and other food and the increasing evidence of the preventive potential of flavonoids in “Western Diseases” such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and others, have gained enormous interest. This prompted us to investigate the effects of 20 different flavonoids of the groups of flavones, flavonols and flavanones in 3D in vitro systems to determine their ability to inhibit the formation of circular chemorepellent induced defects (CCIDs) in monolayers of lymph- or blood-endothelial cells (LECs, BECs; respectively) by 12(S)-HETE, which is secreted by SW620 colon cancer spheroids. Several compounds reduced the spheroid-induced defects of the endothelial barriers. In the SW620/LEC model, apigenin and luteolin were most active and acacetin, nepetin, wogonin, pinocembrin, chrysin and hispidulin showed weak effects. In the SW620/BEC model acacetin, apigenin, luteolin, wogonin, hispidulin and chrysin exhibited weak activity.
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