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Chaudhuri A, Kumar DN, Dehari D, Patil R, Singh S, Kumar D, Agrawal AK. Endorsement of TNBC Biomarkers in Precision Therapy by Nanotechnology. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092661. [PMID: 37174125 PMCID: PMC10177107 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease which accounts globally for approximately 1 million new cases annually, wherein more than 200,000 of these cases turn out to be cases of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). TNBC is an aggressive and rare breast cancer subtype that accounts for 10-15% of all breast cancer cases. Chemotherapy remains the only therapy regimen against TNBC. However, the emergence of innate or acquired chemoresistance has hindered the chemotherapy used to treat TNBC. The data obtained from molecular technologies have recognized TNBC with various gene profiling and mutation settings that have helped establish and develop targeted therapies. New therapeutic strategies based on the targeted delivery of therapeutics have relied on the application of biomarkers derived from the molecular profiling of TNBC patients. Several biomarkers have been found that are targets for the precision therapy in TNBC, such as EGFR, VGFR, TP53, interleukins, insulin-like growth factor binding proteins, c-MET, androgen receptor, BRCA1, glucocorticoid, PTEN, ALDH1, etc. This review discusses the various candidate biomarkers identified in the treatment of TNBC along with the evidence supporting their use. It was established that nanoparticles had been considered a multifunctional system for delivering therapeutics to target sites with increased precision. Here, we also discuss the role of biomarkers in nanotechnology translation in TNBC therapy and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiswarya Chaudhuri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Dulla Naveen Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Deepa Dehari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Rohit Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Sanjay Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Agrawal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
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Legay C, Doublier S, Babajko S, Ricort JM. Protein kinase D1 overexpression potentiates epidermal growth factor signaling pathway in MCF-7 cells. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:3641-3651. [PMID: 36800056 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08300-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein kinase D1, PKD1, is a serine-threonine kinase implicated in cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and/or apoptosis and its activation by several growth factors sets this enzyme as a key regulator of tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Despite many studies, its role in the regulation of intracellular signaling pathways remains widely disparate and needs to be clarified. METHODS AND RESULTS By using human breast cancer cells MCF-7, overexpressing or not PKD1, we demonstrated that PKD1 expression level modulated the tumor growth-promoting epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling pathway. We also showed that EGF acutely stimulated PKD1 phosphorylation with similar time courses both in control and PKD1-overexpressing cells. However, PKD1 overexpression specifically and markedly increased EGF-induced phosphorylation of Akt (onto T308 and S473 residues) and extracellular-regulated protein kinase (ERK1/2). Finally, pharmacological inhibition of PKD1 activity or lowering its expression level using specific siRNAs drastically reduced EGF-stimulated Akt and ERK phosphorylation in PKD1overexpressing cells, but not in control cells. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these results identified the level of PKD1 expression as a key determinant in the regulation of the EGF signaling pathway highlighting its crucial role in a tumorigenic setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Legay
- Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, 91290, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - Sophie Doublier
- Laboratory of Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Babajko
- Laboratory of Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, 75006, Paris, France
- Biomedical Research in Odontology, Université Paris Cité, 92120, Montrouge, France
| | - Jean-Marc Ricort
- Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, 91290, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France.
- Laboratory of Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, 75006, Paris, France.
- Biomedical Research in Odontology, Université Paris Cité, 92120, Montrouge, France.
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Li C, Wang Y, Wu C, Zhou J, Zhou Y, Jiao Y, Li Y, Zhao L. Ebracteolatain A exerts anti-proliferation of breast cancer by inhibiting Protein kinase D 1 in MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 109:154588. [PMID: 36610131 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ebracteolatain A (EA) is an acetyl-phloroglucinol compound extracted from Euphorbiae Ebracteolatae Radix, which has been shown to have antitumor activity. PURPOSE Current research addressed the antitumor activity of EA in breast cancer and further clarified its mechanism. STUDY DESIGN Based on the pharmacodynamic evaluation in breast cancer cells and animal models, the antitumor effects of EA will be validated in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Breast cancer cells were processed with increasing concentrations of EA. CCK-8 and colony formation assays were employed to examine the effects of EA on proliferation and survival. Flow cytometry detected the blocking function of EA on the cell cycle. The specific mechanism of EA in breast cancer was studied by transfection experiments and Western Blot analysis. Finally, a nude mice xenograft tumor model was constructed to assess the therapeutic and potential mechanism of EA. RESULTS We proved that EA caused a dose-dependent inhibition on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-415 cells with IC50 of 6.164 and 6.623 μmol/l, respectively. While EA reduced cell proliferation and clone formation, and markedly arrested cells in the G0/G1 phase. In vivo, EA remarkably suppressed the tumor weight and volume in xenograft nude mice. Besides, PKD1 reversed the inhibition of EA on breast cancer cell proliferation, clone formation, and cycle arrest, and restored tumor growth in xenograft nude mice. Western Blot confirmed that EA regulates breast cancer by suppressing PKD1 in MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. CONCLUSION Herein, we first confirmed EA exerts anti-proliferation by inhibiting PKD1 in MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways, indicating that EA is a prodigious breast cancer drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjian Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Baoshan Luodian Hospital, Luoxi 121 Road, Shanghai, 201908, China; Luodian Clinical Drug Research Center, Institute for Translational Medicine Research, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chenxi Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China; Luodian Clinical Drug Research Center, Institute for Translational Medicine Research, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Baoshan Luodian Hospital, Luoxi 121 Road, Shanghai, 201908, China; Luodian Clinical Drug Research Center, Institute for Translational Medicine Research, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yanqing Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Baoshan Luodian Hospital, Luoxi 121 Road, Shanghai, 201908, China; Luodian Clinical Drug Research Center, Institute for Translational Medicine Research, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yamei Li
- Luodian Clinical Drug Research Center, Institute for Translational Medicine Research, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Baoshan Luodian Hospital, Luoxi 121 Road, Shanghai, 201908, China; Luodian Clinical Drug Research Center, Institute for Translational Medicine Research, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
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Buoso E, Masi M, Racchi M, Corsini E. Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals' (EDCs) Effects on Tumour Microenvironment and Cancer Progression: Emerging Contribution of RACK1. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9229. [PMID: 33287384 PMCID: PMC7729595 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocrine disruptors (EDCs) can display estrogenic and androgenic effects, and their exposure has been linked to increased cancer risk. EDCs have been shown to directly affect cancer cell regulation and progression, but their influence on tumour microenvironment is still not completely elucidated. In this context, the signalling hub protein RACK1 (Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1) could represent a nexus between cancer and the immune system due to its roles in cancer progression and innate immune activation. Since RACK1 is a relevant EDCs target that responds to steroid-active compounds, it could be considered a molecular bridge between the endocrine-regulated tumour microenvironment and the innate immune system. We provide an analysis of immunomodulatory and cancer-promoting effects of different EDCs in shaping tumour microenvironment, with a final focus on the scaffold protein RACK1 as a pivotal molecular player due to its dual role in immune and cancer contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Buoso
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università Degli Studi di Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12/14, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Mirco Masi
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università Degli Studi di Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12/14, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.M.); (M.R.)
- Classe di Scienze Umane e della Vita (SUV), Scuola Universitaria Superiore IUSS, Piazza della Vittoria 15, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Racchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università Degli Studi di Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12/14, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Emanuela Corsini
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Dipartimento di Scienze Politiche ed Ambientali, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy;
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Stillwater BJ, Bull AC, Romagnolo DF, Neumayer LA, Donovan MG, Selmin OI. Bisphenols and Risk of Breast Cancer: A Narrative Review of the Impact of Diet and Bioactive Food Components. Front Nutr 2020; 7:581388. [PMID: 33330580 PMCID: PMC7710764 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.581388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Data from preclinical studies suggest a link between increased risk of breast cancer and exposure to bisphenols at doses below what the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers as safe for consumption. Bisphenols exert estrogenic effects and are found in canned and plastic wrapped foods, food packaging, and plasticware. Mechanistically, bisphenols bind to the estrogen receptor (ER) and activate the expression of genes associated with cell proliferation and breast cancer. In this paper, we present a narrative literature review addressing bisphenol A and chemical analogs including bisphenol AF, bisphenol F, and bisphenol S selected as prototype xenoestrogens; then, we discuss biological mechanisms of action of these bisphenols in breast cells and potential impact of exposure at different stages of development (i.e., perinatal, peripubertal, and adult). Finally, we summarize studies detailing interactions, both preventative and promoting, of bisphenols with food components on breast cancer risk. We conclude the review with a discussion of current controversies in interpretation of the above research and future areas for investigation, including the impact of bisphenols and food components on breast tumor risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara J Stillwater
- Department of Surgery, Breast Surgical Oncology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Ashleigh C Bull
- School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Donato F Romagnolo
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.,University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Leigh A Neumayer
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine-Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Micah G Donovan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.,University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Ornella I Selmin
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.,University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, United States
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