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Olowofolahan AO, Olanlokun JO, Olorunsogo OO. Protective Potential of Methanol Extract of Drymaria cordata Willd. ex Schult (MEDC) on Letrozole-Induced Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Via Modulation of Apoptotic Markers, Sex Hormones and Antioxidant Status in Rat Model. Reprod Sci 2024:10.1007/s43032-024-01597-6. [PMID: 38773025 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-024-01597-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a gynecological disorder among reproductive-aged women and a major cause of infertility. Different treatment options are being employed but with side effects. This has mandated alternative treatment options, especially complementary therapy. This study therefore investigated the possible protective effects of methanol extract of Drymaria cordata in Letrozole-induced PCOS. The plant is folklorically used in the treatment of diverse ailments including PCOS, fibroids, uterine/ovarian/breast tumors, and cancers. Forty-eight female Wistar rats were acclimatized and initially divided into two groups: group I(control group) and group II(PCOS group). PCOS was induced by the oral administration of letrozole/high-fat diet for 21 days. After the induction, the PCOS group was sub-divided into four groups (n = 4): group II (positive control with PCOS), group III (MET 2mg/kg), group IV (MEDC 200mg/kg), and group V (MEDC 400mg/kg). Rats were orally treated with MET and MEDC for six weeks after the PCOS induction. At the end of the experimental period, blood samples were collected, sera were separated, mitochondria were isolated, and the mPT, some apoptotic biomarkers, hormonal and lipid profiles, and oxidative stress markers were determined. Ovarian histological evaluation and GC-MS analysis of MEDC were carried out. There was no significant mPT pore opening in the PCOS (untreated) group. However, treatments with MEDC caused significant mPT pore opening, upraised caspase 9, caspase 3, and Bax, and decreased anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 levels. The MEDC treatments restored the hormonal and lipid profiles, increased the levels of GSH-Px and SOD and decreased TBARS. Histological examination revealed resolved ovarian cysts and improved follicular growth with MEDC treatments. Comparable results were observed for both MEDC and metformin. The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of some major pharmacologically relevant compounds. These findings suggest that MEDC contains phytochemicals that can protect against letrozole-induced PCOS possibly by normalizing the impaired hormonal balance, restoring the lipid profile, and improving the antioxidant milieu of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeola Oluwakemi Olowofolahan
- Laboratories for Biomembrane Research and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - John Oludele Olanlokun
- Laboratories for Biomembrane Research and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olufunso Olabode Olorunsogo
- Laboratories for Biomembrane Research and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Novakovic S, Jakovljevic V, Jovic N, Andric K, Milinkovic M, Anicic T, Pindovic B, Kareva EN, Fisenko VP, Dimitrijevic A, Joksimovic Jovic J. Exploring the Antioxidative Effects of Ginger and Cinnamon: A Comprehensive Review of Evidence and Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and Other Oxidative Stress-Related Disorders. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:392. [PMID: 38671840 PMCID: PMC11047656 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress represents the pathophysiological basis for most disorders, including reproductive issues. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is heterogeneous endocrine disorder of women characterized primarily by irregular menstrual cycles, hyper-androgenism, and ovulatory dysfunction. In the last decades, PCOS was recognized as a systemic silent inflammation and an oxidative disturbance-related disorder, exerting multifaceted symptoms, including metabolic. PCOS treatment should involve a personalized approach tailored to individual symptoms; however, the results are often unsatisfactory. Various supplementary treatments have been proposed to assist in the management and alleviation of PCOS symptoms. Cinnamon and ginger, known for millennia as herbs used in spices or traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases, are of interest in this study. The aim of this study is to evaluate and investigate the effects of cinnamon and ginger in PCOS patients. Using relevant keywords we searched through PubMed/MEDLINE, Science Direct, Google Scholar and Web of science to find animal studies, pre-clinical, and clinical studies which were then reviewed for usage. Out of all of the reviewed studies a total of 65 studies were included in this review article. Cinnamon and ginger can affect hormonal status, lipid profile, obesity, and insulin resistance by mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation. Generally, based on current clinical evidence, it was revealed that supplementation with cinnamon or ginger had a useful impact in patients with PCOS. This review summarizes the antioxidative effects of ginger and cinnamon in PCOS treatment, highlighting their potential benefits in other oxidative stress-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sladjana Novakovic
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (S.N.); (T.A.); (A.D.)
| | - Vladimir Jakovljevic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
- Center of Excellence for Redox Balance Research in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Human Pathology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119048, Russia
| | - Nikola Jovic
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
- Clinic for Gynecology and Obstertics, University Clinical Center Kragujevac, Zmaj Jovina 30, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Kristina Andric
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
- Center for Dermatology, University Clinical Center Kragujevac, Zmaj Jovina 30, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Milica Milinkovic
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Teodora Anicic
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (S.N.); (T.A.); (A.D.)
| | - Bozidar Pindovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Elena Nikolaevna Kareva
- Department of Pharmacology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119048, Russia; (E.N.K.); (V.P.F.)
| | - Vladimir Petrovich Fisenko
- Department of Pharmacology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119048, Russia; (E.N.K.); (V.P.F.)
| | - Aleksandra Dimitrijevic
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (S.N.); (T.A.); (A.D.)
- Institute of Public Health Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Jovana Joksimovic Jovic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
- Center of Excellence for Redox Balance Research in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
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Liu H, Fang X, Ma Q, Wang M, Hao X, Wang G. Research hotspots of polycystic ovary syndrome and hyperandrogenism from 2008 to 2022: bibliometric analysis. Gynecol Endocrinol 2024; 40:2326102. [PMID: 38654639 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2024.2326102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most frequent endocrine disorder in female adults, and hyperandrogenism (HA) is the typical endocrine feature of PCOS. This study aims to investigate the trends and hotspots in the study of PCOS and HA. METHODS Literature on Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) from 2008 to 2022 was retrieved, and bibliometric analysis was conducted using VOSviewer and CiteSpace software. RESULTS A total of 2,404 papers were published in 575 journals by 10,121 authors from 2,434 institutions in 86 countries. The number of publications in this field is generally on the rise yearly. The US, China and Italy contributed almost half of the publications. Monash University had the highest number of publications, while the University of Adelaide had the highest average citations and the Karolinska Institute had the strongest cooperation with other institutions. Lergo RS contributed the most to the field of PCOS and HA. The research on PCOS and HA mainly focused on complications, adipose tissue, inflammation, granulosa cells, gene and receptor expression. CONCLUSION Different countries, institutions, and authors should facilitate cooperation and exchanges. This study will be helpful for better understanding the frontiers and hotspots in the areas of PCOS and HA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijuan Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoting Fang
- Department of Gynecology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qianru Ma
- Department of Gynecology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mina Wang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation, Beijing, China
| | - Xiufang Hao
- Department of Gynecology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guohua Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Sirotkin AV, Alexa R, Alshamrani A, Harrath AH. Fennel affects porcine ovarian cell functions: The interrelationships with the environmental contaminant benzene. Res Vet Sci 2023; 164:104991. [PMID: 37657392 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.104991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the direct effects of the medicinal plant fennel on basic functions of ovarian cells, including proliferation, apoptosis, and release of progesterone and insulin-like growth factor I (IGFI), as well as to prevent the influence of the environmental contaminant benzene on these cells. Porcine ovarian granulosa cells were cultured with or without fennel extract alone or in combination with benzene. The expression of the proliferation marker PCNA and the apoptosis marker bax was analyzed by quantitative immunocytochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Fennel was able to promote proliferation and IGF-I release, but to suppress apoptosis and progesterone release. Benzene promoted the accumulation of both the proliferation and apoptosis markers, as well as IGF-I release, but it inhibited progesterone secretion. The presence of fennel did not prevent the effects of benzene on any of the measured parameters, while benzene prevented the effects of fennel on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and IGF-I but not progesterone output. These observations demonstrate the direct influence of fennel and benzene on basic ovarian cell functions. Furthermore, they show the inability of fennel to prevent the effects of benzene on these cells. On the other hand, the environmental contaminant benzene can block the response of ovarian cells to the medicinal plant fennel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V Sirotkin
- Constantine the Philosopher University, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia; Research Institute of Animal Production, National Agricultural and Food Center, 951 41 Lužianky, Slovakia.
| | - Richard Alexa
- Constantine the Philosopher University, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Abdullah Alshamrani
- King Saud University, College of Science, Zoology Department, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdel Halim Harrath
- King Saud University, College of Science, Zoology Department, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Singh A, Gainder S, Banerjee P, Goel A, Kumar P, Mondal B, Banik SP, Bagchi D. Efficacy of a Proprietary Fenugreek Seed Extract ( Trigonella foenum-graecum, Furocyst®) in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2023; 42:651-659. [PMID: 36219198 DOI: 10.1080/27697061.2022.2126410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by hyperandrogenemia, a quite common heterogenous endocrine/hormonal disorder, and accompanied by elevated androgen level, menstrual irregularity, and hirsutism. The consequences include infertility or miscarriage. It is a challenging problem to the physicians. In a one-arm, non-randomized preliminary investigation in fifty premenopausal women, we demonstrated the efficacy of Furocyst®, a patented, standardized Trigonella foenum-graecum extract, in ameliorating the symptoms of PCOS over a period of 90 consecutive days. OBJECTIVE In the present study, a double-blind, two-arm, single-center, randomized, comparative study was conducted to assess the efficacy of Furocyst® (2 capsules of 500 mg/day) in 208 pre-menopausal women diagnosed with PCOS. METHODS Ethical committee approval was obtained. A total of 208 subjects (placebo = 95; Furocyst® = 113; age:18-45 years, BMI < 42 kg/m2) completed the investigation. The comparative efficacy of placebo and Furocyst® was assessed on the number of cysts, ovarian volume, hirsutism, LH:FSH ratio, titer of TSH, SHBG, prolactin and free testosterone. Key clinical parameters such as fasting blood glucose levels, HOMA Index, cholesterol, LDL, and triglyceride levels, as well as total blood chemistry were also investigated. RESULTS Furocyst® supplementation significantly reduced the number of cysts, ovarian volume, and hirsutism levels, as well as normalized the menstrual cycle in Furocyst®-treated subjects as compared to placebo group. Furocyst® significantly reduced luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, and reduced the prolactin and SHBG levels. Furocyst® significantly reduced the fasting blood glucose levels, HOMA Index, cholesterol, LDL, and triglyceride levels as compared to the placebo group, while the free testosterone levels were significantly decreased in the Furocyst® group. CONCLUSION The studies collectively demonstrated the efficacy of Furocyst® as a safe, natural phytochemical-based formulation to alleviate the symptoms of PCOS. No significant adverse events were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amarjeet Singh
- Department of Community Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, Panjab, India
| | - Shalini Gainder
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, Panjab, India
| | - Pradipta Banerjee
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Apurva Goel
- Regulatory Department, Chemical Resources (CHERESO), Panchkula, Haryana, India
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Research and Development Department, Chemical Resources (CHERESO), Panchkula, Haryana, India
| | - Banashree Mondal
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorder Program, Institute of Neurosciences, Kolkata, India
| | - Samudra P Banik
- Department of Microbiology, Maulana Azad College, Kolkata, India
| | - Debasis Bagchi
- Department of Biology, Adelphi University, Garden City, New York, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas, USA
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Zhou YY, Wu YQ, Chong CJ, Zhong SM, Wang ZX, Qin XH, Liu ZQ, Liu JY, Song JL. Irpex lacteus polysaccharide exhibits therapeutic potential for ovarian fibrosis in PCOS rats via the TGF- β1/smad pathway. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18741. [PMID: 37554783 PMCID: PMC10405015 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the commonest endocrinopathies in childbearing women. The research was conducted to assess the impact of Irpex lacteus polysaccharide (ILP, 1000 mg/kg) on the letrozole (1 mg/kg)-induced PCOS model in female rats. Metformin (Met, 265 mg/kg) as the positive control. The study suggested that ILP restored the estrous cycle in rats with PCOS as well as lowered relative ovarian weight and body weight, in comparison to normal. Rats with PCOS showed improvement in ovarian structure and fibrosis when given ILP. ILP decreased the testosterone (T), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), luteinizing hormone (LH), homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and insulin (INS) levels and elevated the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and estrogen (E2) levels in PCOS rats. In addition, ILP increased the content of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum and the antioxidant enzymes (Prdx3, Sod1, Gsr, Gsta4, Mgst1, Gpx3, Sod2 and Cat) expression levels in the ovaries and decreased the serum expression of malondialdehyde (MDA). In addition, ILP treatment slowed down the process of the fibrosis-associated TGF-β1/Smad pathway and downregulated α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) levels in PCOS rats ovaries. According to these findings, ILP may be able to treat letrozole-induced PCOS in rats by ameliorating metabolic disturbances, sex hormone levels, oxidative stress, and ovarian fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yuan Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Ya-Qi Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Chao-Jie Chong
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Shu-Mei Zhong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Zi-Xian Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Jun-Yang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Jia-Le Song
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Second Hospital Affiliated to Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541100, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
- South Asia Branch of National Engineering Research Center of Dairy Health for Maternal and Child Health, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
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Zadhoush R, Alavi-Naeini A, Feizi A, Naghshineh E, Ghazvini MR. The Effect of Garlic (Allium Sativum) on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Related Hormones and Glycemic Parameters: A Randomized, Double-Blinded Clinical Trial. Int J Prev Med 2023; 14:98. [PMID: 37855015 PMCID: PMC10580198 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_308_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of garlic supplementation on androgen levels and glycemic-related markers in patients with PCOS. Methods In these 8 weeks of randomized double-blinded control trial, 80 women were randomly assigned into two groups in which patients were asked to intake either 800 mg/day garlic or an identical placebo. A blood sample was obtained pre- and post-trial to assess androgens and glycemic-related parapets. A 3-days- food record and a short form of international physical activity questionnaires (IPAQ) were also evaluated at the beginning and end of the trial. Results All participants completed the trial. Garlic supplementation resulted in significant reduction in fasting plasma glucose (-3.22 ± 7.41 vs. 0.72 ± 5.37; P = 0.008) and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (-0.29 ± 1.45 vs. 0.28 ± 1.20; P = 0.02). In addition, a trend to a significant improvement was detected in free androgen index (FAI) (P = 0.09), insulin levels (P = 0.07), and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) (P = 0.06). However, no significant difference was found in testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) (P > 0.05). Conclusions Present study indicates that garlic supplementation could be beneficial for FPG and insulin resistance improvement. However, garlic supplementation does not show remarkable efficacy on androgens. Further studies are warranted to confirm the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Zadhoush
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amirmansour Alavi-Naeini
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Awat Feizi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elham Naghshineh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Balkrishna A, Rana M, Mishra S, Srivastava D, Bhardwaj R, Singh S, Rajput SK, Arya V. Incredible Combination of Lifestyle Modification and Herbal Remedies for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Management. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:3705508. [PMID: 37383339 PMCID: PMC10299884 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3705508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
A relatively frequent endocrine-metabolic illness called polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by polycystic ovaries, persistent anovulation, and hyperandrogenism, which cause symptoms such as irregular menstruation, infertility, and hirsutism. PCOS is linked to obesity, insulin resistance, and increased amounts of androgens, or male hormones. The sedentary lifestyle, dietary fluctuations, inactivity, and stress are other contributing variables. According to estimates from India in 2021, around 22.5% of women, or one in five Indian women, suffer from PCOS. Evidence-based medical care for PCOS places a strong focus on a multidisciplinary approach, as standard pharmacological treatment frequently targets a single symptom, may be contraindicated, has adverse effects, and is ineffective in certain circumstances. However, long-term treatments have drawbacks and are likely to be ineffective, making complementary and alternative therapies a worthwhile choice. Yoga science is a thorough treatment plan for a healthy body and mind that may eradicate PCOS's primary causes, stress and obesity. Some common herbal remedies, including Foeniculum vulgare, Tinospora cordifolia, Asparagus racemosus, Ocimum tenuiflorum, Areca catechu, and Lepidium meyenii, have been highly regarded sources that have the benefits of lowering PCOS as well as having hypoglycemic and antiobesity effects. In light of existing literature, women with PCOS experienced symptomatic relief, improvement in hormonal balance, and the quality of life by utilizing yoga practices as well as herbal remedies. In conclusion, combining lifestyle modifications with herbal remedies can be used in the management of PCOS as a holistic approach. Therefore, this review opens a new window for researchers all across the world to validate such findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maneesha Rana
- Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Herbal Research Institute, Haridwar 249405, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Shalini Mishra
- Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Herbal Research Institute, Haridwar 249405, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Deepika Srivastava
- Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Herbal Research Institute, Haridwar 249405, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Rohit Bhardwaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to be University), Haridwar, Uttarakhand 249404, India
| | - Shalini Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to be University), Haridwar, Uttarakhand 249404, India
| | - Satyendra Kumar Rajput
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to be University), Haridwar, Uttarakhand 249404, India
| | - Vedpriya Arya
- Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Herbal Research Institute, Haridwar 249405, Uttarakhand, India
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Rani R, Chitme HR, Kukreti N, Pant P, Abdel-Wahab BA, Khateeb MM, Habeeb MS, Bakir MB. Regulation of Insulin Resistance, Lipid Profile and Glucose Metabolism Associated with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome by Tinospora cordifolia. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102238. [PMID: 37242122 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The plant Tinospora cordifolia (TC), traditionally known as guduchi or giloy, is used for a number of health conditions as a nutritional supplement and rejuvenation medicine. Its nutritional supplementary products are traditionally recommended for a wide range of health issues, including diabetes, menstruation discomfort, fever, obesity, inflammation, and more. Unfortunately, there has not been extensive research into its effectiveness in treating or managing insulin resistance, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, hormonal imbalance, and metabolic syndrome-associated polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods: Consequently, the present study was designed to induce insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hormonal abnormality, hyperglycemia, and menstrual disturbance of PCOS using dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in mice and study the effect of oral TC extracts on these factors by using ancient and modern technologies. During the 21-day study, 6 mg/100 g/day of DHEA was given to female mice. Levels of glucose, insulin, lipids, and hormones were estimated. In addition to being seen with the naked eye, the morphological and microscopic changes were also observed on histology slides. Results: The study outcomes show that pretreatment with TC preparations significantly improved biochemical and histological abnormalities in female mice. Diestrus phase was only observed in DHEA-treated animals, while cornified epithelial cells were present in TC-treated mice. Pretreatment with TC satva showed significant (p < 0.001) reductions in body weight compared to placebo. Fasting blood glucose, 1-h OGTT, and 2-h OGTT levels were all significantly lower in TC satva- and oil-treated animals in comparison to the disease control group (p < 0.001). Treatment with TC extracts resulted in a normalization of estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone levels (p < 0.05). Treatment with TC extract improved lipid profiles (p < 0.001), LH/FSH ratios (p < 0.01), fasting insulin levels (p < 0.001), HOMA-IR (p < 0.001), HOMA-Beta (p < 0.001), and QUICKI (p < 0.001). Both macroscopic and microscopic alterations were seen to be restored after TC extract treatment. After being treated with TC satva, oil, and hydroalcoholic extract, the severity of PCOS decreased by 54.86%. Conclusions: These findings lead us to the conclusion that TC extracts and satva as nutritional supplements are useful for treating PCOS and associated symptoms. It is recommended that additional research be conducted to determine the molecular mechanism of action of TC nutritional supplements on PCOS-related changes in metabolic profiles. We also recommend further clinical studies to explore the clinical efficacy and effectiveness of TC nutritional supplements in treating and/or managing PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Rani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, DIT University, Dehradun 248009, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Havagiray R Chitme
- Faculty of Pharmacy, DIT University, Dehradun 248009, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Neha Kukreti
- Faculty of Pharmacy, DIT University, Dehradun 248009, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Pankaj Pant
- Faculty of Pharmacy, DIT University, Dehradun 248009, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Basel A Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran P.O. Box 1988, Saudi Arabia
| | - Masood Medleri Khateeb
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran P.O. Box 1988, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Marwa B Bakir
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Najran University, Najran P.O. Box 1988, Saudi Arabia
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10
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Emamat H, Najafpour Boushehri S, Eslami MA, Saneei Totmaj A, Ghalandari H. The effects of flaxseed or its oil supplementations on polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review of clinical trials. Phytother Res 2023; 37:1082-1091. [PMID: 36433633 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders around the world that can endanger reproductive, metabolic, and psychological health in women. Flaxseed is considered as a functional food which provides remarkable amounts of α-linolenic acid (ALA), phytosterogenic lignans, and dietary fibers. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of flaxseed or its oil supplementation on PCOS patients. We systematically searched all published randomized clinical trials indexed in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases from inception up to May 2022. Intended exposure and outcome were flaxseed or its oil and metabolic, anthropometric, and hormonal status of women with PCOS, respectively. Initial search via related keywords revealed 69 articles. After excluding duplicates, title and abstract of 55 remaining papers were screened. Fourteen papers were obtained for full text screening. Finally, nine clinical trials published between 2011 and 2021 were included in qualitative synthesis. Based on the results of the present systematic review, we suggest that flaxseed supplementation has the potential to improve metabolic, hormonal, and anthropometric parameters in women with PCOS. However, we also deduce that due to the scarcity of high-quality studies, additional studies need to be conducted in order to derive a solid conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Emamat
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Saeid Najafpour Boushehri
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Eslami
- General Practitioner, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Saneei Totmaj
- Nutrition Department, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Ghalandari
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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11
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Lakshmi JN, Babu AN, Kiran SSM, Nori LP, Hassan N, Ashames A, Bhandare RR, Shaik AB. Herbs as a Source for the Treatment of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Systematic Review. BIOTECH (BASEL (SWITZERLAND)) 2023; 12:biotech12010004. [PMID: 36648830 PMCID: PMC9844343 DOI: 10.3390/biotech12010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a neuroendocrine metabolic disorder characterized by an irregular menstrual cycle. Treatment for PCOS using synthetic drugs is effective. However, PCOS patients are attracted towards natural remedies due to the effective therapeutic outcomes with natural drugs and the limitations of allopathic medicines. In view of the significance of herbal remedies, herein, we discuss the role of different herbs in PCOS. METHODS By referring to the Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, Crossref and Hinari databases, a thorough literature search was conducted and data mining was performed pertaining to the effectiveness of herbal remedies against PCOS. RESULTS In this review, we discuss the significance of herbal remedies in the treatment of PCOS, and the chemical composition, mechanism of action and therapeutic application of selected herbal drugs against PCOS. CONCLUSIONS The present review will be an excellent resource for researchers working on understanding the role of herbal medicine in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jada Naga Lakshmi
- Department of Pharmacology, Vignan Pharmacy College, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Vadlamudi 522213, Andhra Pradesh, India
- Correspondence: (J.N.L.); (A.A.); (A.B.S.)
| | - Ankem Narendra Babu
- Department of Pharmacology, Sir C.R. Reddy College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Eluru 534007, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - S. S. Mani Kiran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Vignan Pharmacy College, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Vadlamudi 522213, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Lakshmi Prasanthi Nori
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shri Vishnu College of Pharmacy, Andhra University, Bhimavaram 534202, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Nageeb Hassan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Health Science, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
- Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Akram Ashames
- Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Health Science, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: (J.N.L.); (A.A.); (A.B.S.)
| | - Richie R. Bhandare
- Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Health Science, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Afzal B. Shaik
- St. Mary’s College of Pharmacy, St. Mary’s Group of Institutions Guntur, Affiliated to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Kakinada, Chebrolu, Guntur 522212, Andhra Pradesh, India
- Correspondence: (J.N.L.); (A.A.); (A.B.S.)
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12
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Zadhoush R, Alavi-Naeini A, Feizi A, Naghshineh E, Ghazvini MR. The Therapeutic Impact of Garlic (Allium Sativum) on Oxidative Stress Markers among Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blinded Clinical Trial. Int J Prev Med 2023; 14:1. [PMID: 36942042 PMCID: PMC10023839 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_229_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The present study aimed to investigate the effect of garlic supplementation on oxidative stress markers in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods Eighty patients with PCOS were randomized and instructed to consume either garlic supplementation (800 mg/day) or a placebo (starch) for 8 weeks. They were also asked to avoid intake of any other supplement during the study. Oxidative stress-related markers including total antioxidant capacity, catalase, glutathione, malondialdehyde concentrations, and anthropometric measures were assessed at baseline and end of the trial. Results Garlic supplementation resulted in significant improvement in catalase concentration (1.82 ± 9.28 vs. -1.55 ± 8.66; P value: 0.03), glutathione levels (29.15 ± 57.53 vs. 2.42 ± 77.51; P value: 0.048) as well as weight (-0.64 ± 1.94 vs. 0.11 ± 0.82; P value: 0.04), body mass index (BMI; -0.25 ± 0.75 vs. 0.05 ± 0.61; P value: 0.04), and waist circumference (-0.21 ± 0.77 vs. 0.02 ± 0.65; P value: 0.01). However, we failed to detect any significant change in hip circumference, waist to hip circumference ratio, total antioxidant capacity, and malondialdehyde levels between the two groups. Conclusions The present study indicates that garlic supplementation could be beneficial in improving oxidative stress and weight loss among PCOS women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Zadhoush
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amirmansour Alavi-Naeini
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Address for correspondence: Dr. Amirmansour Alavi-Naeini, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan - 8174673461, Iran. E-mail:
| | - Awat Feizi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elham Naghshineh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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13
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Inhibition of 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) expression suppresses polycystic ovarian syndrome via the NF-κB signaling pathway. Reprod Biol 2022; 22:100679. [PMID: 35961097 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2022.100679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that oxidative stress and chronic inflammation may be involved in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) is the main glycosylase that catalyzes the excision of DNA oxidation products. In this study, we investigated the role and potential mechanisms of OGG1 in the development of PCOS. We first analyzed OGG1 levels in serum and follicular fluid (FF) of PCOS patients, and significantly elevated OGG1 levels were noted in PCOS patients. We similarly observed a significant upregulation of OGG1 expression levels in ovarian tissue of the dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-induced PCOS rat model. In addition, increased apoptosis and increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were observed after the addition of OGG1-specific inhibitor (TH5487) in human granulosa-like tumor cell line (KGN) cells following a concentration gradient, along with a significant decrease in mRNA levels of inflammatory factors such as CXCL2, IL-6, MCP1, IL-1β, and IL-18. Significant decreases in protein phosphorylation levels of P65 and IκBα were also observed in cells. In addition, we found a significant positive correlation between OGG1 and IL-6 expression levels in human and DHEA-induced PCOS rat models. In conclusion, our results suggest that OGG1 might be involved in the pathogenesis of PCOS by regulating the secretion of IL-6 through NF-κB signaling pathway, and there might be a balance between the inhibition of oxidative stress and the promotion of chronic inflammation by OGG1 on KGN cells.
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Potential Health Benefits of Curcumin on Female Reproductive Disorders: A Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093126. [PMID: 34579002 PMCID: PMC8471428 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is one of the main polyphenolic compounds in the turmeric rhizome. It possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-arthritis, anti-asthmatic, anti-microbial, anti-viral and anti-fungal properties. This review aims to provide an overview of the potential health benefits of curcumin to treat female reproductive disorders, including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), ovarian failure and endometriosis. Comprehensive information on curcumin was retrieved from electronic databases, which were MEDLINE via EBSCOhost, Scopus and Google Scholar. The available evidence showed that curcumin reduced the high level of androgen in PCOS. Studies in rodents suggest that curcumin resulted in the disappearance of cysts and the appearance of healthy follicles and corpora lutea. Furthermore, animal studies showed curcumin improved the overall function of the ovary in ovarian diseases and reversed the disturbance in oxidative stress parameters. Meanwhile, in vitro and in vivo studies reported the positive effects of curcumin in alleviating endometriosis through anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenic and pro-apoptotic mechanisms. Thus, curcumin possesses various effects on PCOS, ovarian diseases and endometriosis. Some studies found considerable therapeutic effects, whereas others found no effect. However, none of the investigations found curcumin to be harmful. Curcumin clinical trials in endometriosis and ovarian illness are still scarce; thus, future studies need to be conducted to confirm the safety and efficacy of curcumin before it could be offered as a complementary therapy agent.
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15
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Yu Y, Cao Y, Huang W, Liu Y, Lu Y, Zhao J. β-Sitosterol Ameliorates Endometrium Receptivity in PCOS-Like Mice: The Mediation of Gut Microbiota. Front Nutr 2021; 8:667130. [PMID: 34179058 PMCID: PMC8224531 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.667130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), one of the most common endocrine diseases in women of childbearing age, has been found to be accompanied by changes in the gut microbiota. The Bu Shen Yang Xue formula (BSYXF) is a traditional Chinese medicine widely used for the treatment of PCOS. This study aimed to investigate whether the protective effects of β-sitosterol, the main active ingredient of BSYXF, on PCOS was mediated by regulating gut microbiota. Methods: The presence of β-sitosterol in BSYXF was detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The PCOS-like mouse model was induced by dehydroepiandrosterone. The fecal supernatant of β-sitosterol-treated mice was prepared for fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). Body weight and wet weight of the uterus and ovary of the mice were recorded for organ index calculation. Hematoxylin and eosin stain was used to assess the endometrial morphology and microenvironment changes. Expression of endometrial receptivity markers cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), Integrin ανβ3, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), and homeobox A10 (HOXA10) in the endometrium were determined by immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to detect the expression of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), progesterone (P), and testosterone (T) in the serum. The diversity of gut microbiota was examined by 16S rDNA gene sequencing. Results: With the treatment of β-sitosterol and β-sitosterol-FMT, the uterine index of PCOS-like mice increased, the ovarian index decreased, levels of COX-2, LH and T decreased, and levels of Integrin ανβ3, LIF, HOXA10, FSH, and P increased. Under β-sitosterol treatment, the structure of the gut microbiota in PCOS-like mice was also changed. Conclusion: β-sitosterol regulates the endometrial receptivity of PCOS and harmonizes the sex hormone balance, which may be related to the changes in the structure and composition of gut microbiota, thus affecting the pathological process of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Yu
- Department of Gynecology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Cao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Wenling Huang
- Department of Gynecology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanxia Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Gynecology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiajing Zhao
- Department of Gynecology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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