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Hao Y, Song W, Qu L. Effects of a combination of Poria Cocos, Ziziphus spinose, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on sleep quality and skin health: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:3883-3892. [PMID: 38873452 PMCID: PMC11167191 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.4048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Sleep is crucial for preserving both physical and mental health, including skin health. Presently, there is a burgeoning interest in the use of herbal and natural ingredients to mitigate the adverse effects of sleep disorders. In this 4-week, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial, 70 subjects with sleep disorders were randomly assigned to receive either a placebo or a Poria cocos, Ziziphus spinose, and GABA (PZG) supplement (10 mL per day). Total sleep duration was detected by wrist actigraphy, and sleep quality was assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Skin conditions were evaluated based on assessments of skin hydration, glossiness elasticity, color, severity of wrinkles, and skin roughness. After 4 weeks, the total sleep duration significantly increased by 12.96% (p = .006) and the PSQI score notably decreased by 59.94% (p = .000) compared to the baseline. Notably, compared to the baseline conditions, skin hydration, radiance, elasticity, firmness, wrinkle severity, and roughness were significantly improved in the PZG group. In addition, the PZG group demonstrated significantly greater improvements than the placebo group in terms of changes from baseline in total sleep duration, PSQI score, skin hydration, wrinkle severity, and skin roughness. The present results demonstrated that the combined intake of herbs and GABA can improve sleep quality and enhance skin health without adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Hao
- Yunnan Botanee Bio‐technology Group Co., Ltd.KunmingChina
| | - Weimin Song
- YesSkin Medical Aesthetic ClinicXinya Branch Co., Ltd.HangzhouChina
| | - Liping Qu
- Yunnan Botanee Bio‐technology Group Co., Ltd.KunmingChina
- Yunnan Yunke Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory Co., Ltd.KunmingChina
- Medaesthee (Shanghai) Biotechnology Co., Ltd.ShanghaiChina
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Bae GY, Ko K, Yang E, Park SS, Suh HJ, Hong KB. Combined Effects of Ziziphus jujuba, Dimocarpus longan, and Lactuca sativa on Sleep-Related Behaviors through GABAergic Signaling. Foods 2023; 13:1. [PMID: 38201029 PMCID: PMC10778002 DOI: 10.3390/foods13010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to analyze the increase in the sleep-promoting effects based on the mixed ratio of botanical extracts, Ziziphus jujuba seeds, Dimocarpus longan fruits, and Lactuca sativa leaves, using animal models. Behavioral analyses, including an analysis of the total sleep time of Drosophila melanogaster, were conducted to select the optimal mixed ratio of the three botanical extracts. The effects were verified in a caffeine-induced sleepless model, specific neurotransmitter receptor antagonists, and ICR mice. In D. melanogaster exposed to 2.0% of each extract, group behavior was significantly reduced, and the mixed extracts of Z. jujuba, D. longan, and L. sativa (4:1:1 and 1:4:1) significantly increased the total sleep time with individual fruit flies. In the caffeine-induced insomnia model, mixed extracts (4:1:1 and 1:4:1) led to the highest increase in total sleep time. An analysis of locomotor ability revealed a significant reduction in the mobility percentage in the mixed extract groups (0:0:1, 1:0:1, 1:1:1, 4:1:1, and 1:4:1). The administration of Z. jujuba extract and mixed extracts (4:1:1) significantly increased the expression of GABAA-R, whereas the administration of the mixed extracts (4:1:1) and (1:4:1) significantly increased the expression of GABAB-R1 and GABAB-R2, respectively. D. longan extract and the mixed ratio (1:4:1) reduced the subjective nighttime movement and increased the total sleep time in the presence of flumazenil. An analysis of ICR mice indicated that the administration of mixed extracts (4:1:1) significantly increased sleep duration in a dose-dependent manner. These results indicated that the mixed ratio of Z. jujuba, D. longan, and L. sativa extracts, particularly the mixed ratio of 4:1:1, may have sleep-enhancing effects in fruit flies and mice. The study also identified changes in gene expression related to GABA receptors, indicating the potential mechanism for the observed sleep-promoting effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi Yeon Bae
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (G.Y.B.); (H.J.S.)
| | - Kayoung Ko
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea; (K.K.); (E.Y.); (S.-S.P.)
| | - Eunseon Yang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea; (K.K.); (E.Y.); (S.-S.P.)
| | - Sung-Soo Park
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea; (K.K.); (E.Y.); (S.-S.P.)
| | - Hyung Joo Suh
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (G.Y.B.); (H.J.S.)
- BK21FOUR R&E Center for Learning Health Systems, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Bae Hong
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea; (K.K.); (E.Y.); (S.-S.P.)
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Oppegaard K, Kober KM, Harris C, Shin J, Morse L, Calvo-Schimmel A, Paul SM, Cooper BA, Conley YP, Hammer M, Dokiparthi V, Levine JD, Miaskowski C. Anxiety in oncology outpatients is associated with perturbations in pathways identified in anxiety focused network pharmacology research. Support Care Cancer 2023; 31:727. [PMID: 38012456 PMCID: PMC10682221 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-08196-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Evaluate for perturbed signaling pathways associated with subgroups of patients with low versus high levels of state anxiety. These pathways were compared to the pathways identified across eight network pharmacology studies of the anxiolytic effect(s) of a variety of compounds. METHODS Adult outpatients had a diagnosis of breast, gastrointestinal, gynecological, or lung cancer; had received chemotherapy within the preceding four weeks; and were scheduled to receive at least two additional cycles of chemotherapy. Latent profile analysis was used to identify subgroups of patients with distinct anxiety profiles based on Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory scores that were obtained six times over two cycles of chemotherapy. Blood samples were processed using RNA sequencing (i.e., RNA-seq sample, n = 244) and microarray (i.e., microarray sample; n = 256) technologies. Pathway perturbations were assessed using pathway impact analysis. Fisher's combined probability method was used to combine test results using a false discovery rate of 0.01. RESULTS In the RNA-seq sample, 62.3% and 37.7% of the patients were in the low- and high-anxiety classes, respectively. In the microarray sample, 61.3% and 38.7% were in the low and high-anxiety classes, respectively. Forty-one perturbed signaling pathways were identified. Eight of these pathways were common to those identified in the network pharmacology studies. CONCLUSIONS Findings increase our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms that underlie anxiety in patients receiving chemotherapy. This study provides initial insights into how anxiety in patients with cancer may share common mechanisms with anxiety in patients with other clinical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Oppegaard
- Department of Physiological Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California, 2 Koret Way - N631Y, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kord M Kober
- Department of Physiological Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California, 2 Koret Way - N631Y, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Carolyn Harris
- School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Joosun Shin
- Department of Physiological Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California, 2 Koret Way - N631Y, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lisa Morse
- Department of Physiological Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California, 2 Koret Way - N631Y, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alejandra Calvo-Schimmel
- Department of Physiological Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California, 2 Koret Way - N631Y, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Steven M Paul
- Department of Physiological Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California, 2 Koret Way - N631Y, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bruce A Cooper
- Department of Physiological Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California, 2 Koret Way - N631Y, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yvette P Conley
- School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Vasuda Dokiparthi
- Department of Physiological Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California, 2 Koret Way - N631Y, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jon D Levine
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christine Miaskowski
- Department of Physiological Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California, 2 Koret Way - N631Y, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Wang W, Wang Y, Pei H, Li M, Zhu A, Du R, Peng GJ. The mechanism of simultaneous intake of Jujuboside A and B in the regulation of sleep at the hypothalamic level. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:9426-9437. [PMID: 37679031 PMCID: PMC10564420 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
To study the effect of co-administration of Jujuboside A and B (Ju A+B) on sleep, healthy KM mice were given different doses of Ju A+B with a behavioral evaluation of sleep state. Serum levels of key neurotransmitters (5HT, DA, and NE) were measured. The hypothalamus of KM mice was analyzed for differential protein expression using TMT quantitative proteomics, and differential expression protein (DEP) bioinformatics analysis was used to explore potential mechanisms. The result shows that Ju A+B affects sleep by expressing the protein in the hypothalamus. Compared with the control group, the test group showed 10 up-regulated and 139 down-regulated DEPs. The key DEPs were found at the tight junction. Western blot showed reliable alteration of the key DEPs in proteomics. The result of interaction network analysis attributed the potential of Jujuboside to the changes in blood-brain barrier, which provided basic and theoretical data for the efficacy evaluation and mechanism of Jujuboside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- College of Humanities and College of Home Economics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Hongyan Pei
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Mingming Li
- College of Humanities and College of Home Economics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Aozhe Zhu
- College of Humanities and College of Home Economics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Rui Du
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Gao Jun Peng
- New Vita Bioengineering Tianjin Co., Ltd, Tianjin 301726, China
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Ren A, Wu T, Wang Y, Fan Q, Yang Z, Zhang S, Cao Y, Cui G. Integrating animal experiments, mass spectrometry and network-based approach to reveal the sleep-improving effects of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen and γ-aminobutyric acid mixture. Chin Med 2023; 18:99. [PMID: 37573423 PMCID: PMC10422734 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00814-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ziziphi Spinosae Semen (ZSS) is a plant widely used as medicine and food in Asian countries due to its numerous health benefits. γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a non-proteinaceous amino acid, is one of the major inhibitory neurotransmitters with a relaxant function. In this study, a system pharmacology approach was employed to assess the effects of a mixture composed of ZSS and GABA (ZSSG) on sleep improvement. METHODS Mice were divided into five groups (n = 10) and received either no treatment, sodium pentobarbital, or sodium barbital with diazepam or ZSSG. The effects of ZSSG on sleep quality were evaluated in mice, and differential metabolites associated with sleep were identified among the control, ZSS, GABA, and ZSSG groups. Additionally, network-based ingredient-insomnia proximity analysis was applied to explore the major ingredients. RESULTS ZSSG significantly improved sleep quality by decreasing sleep latency and prolonging sleep duration in sodium pentobarbital-induced sleeping mouse model (P < 0.05). ZSSG significantly enhanced the brain content of GABA in mice. Furthermore, ZSSG also significantly decreased sleep latency-induced by sodium barbital in mice (P < 0.05). Metabolic analysis revealed significant differences in 10 metabolites between ZSSG group and the groups administering ZSS or GABA. Lastly, using the network-based ingredient screening model, we discovered potential four active ingredients and three pairwise ingredient combinations with synergistic effect on insomnia from ZSSG among 85 ingredients identified by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS. Also, we have constructed an online computation platform. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrated that ZSSG improved the sleeping quality of mice and helped to balance metabolic disorders-associated with sleep disorders. Moreover, based on the network-based prediction method, the four potential active ingredients in ZSSG could serve as quality markers-associated with insomnia. The network-based framework may open up a new avenue for the discovery of active ingredients of herbal medicine for treating complex chronic diseases or symptoms, such as insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airong Ren
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Tingbiao Wu
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yarong Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Qing Fan
- Basic Medical Science Department, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenhao Yang
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Shixun Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongjun Cao
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Guozhen Cui
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China.
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Sun C, Gao M, Qiao M. Research progress of traditional Chinese medicine compound "Xiaochaihu Decoction" in the treatment of depression. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 159:114249. [PMID: 36682244 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is a common psychiatric disorder under the category of depression syndrome in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) theory. Meanwhile, Xiaochaihu Decoction is a classical TCM formulation regulating Qi, resolving and dissipating stagnation. Clinically, the formulation has long been adopted to treat Shaoyang stagnation syndrome for depression syndrome. In this review, potential targets of action and the corresponding pathways of Xiaochaihu Decoction are explored for depression treatment via network pharmacology. The article also systematically summarizes the active components and pharmacological mechanisms of seven Chinese herbal medicine components in Xiaochaihu Decoction and guides the future study direction of Xiaochaihu Decoction, which may serve a promising treatment for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Sun
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China
| | - Mingzhou Gao
- Innovation Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China.
| | - Mingqi Qiao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China.
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Dong X, Huang R. Ferulic acid: An extraordinarily neuroprotective phenolic acid with anti-depressive properties. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 105:154355. [PMID: 35908520 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression, one of the most common mental illnesses and mood disorder syndromes, can seriously harm physical and mental health. As the pathophysiology of depression remains unclear, there is a need to find novel therapeutic agents. Ferulic acid (FA), a phenolic compound found in various Chinese herbal medicines, has anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenging properties as well as a wide range of therapeutic effects against depression. PURPOSE In this review, we appraised preclinical research to fully discuss the anti-depression capacity of FA and discussed FAs' holistic characteristics that can contribute to better management of depression. STUDY DESIGN We reviewed the results of in vitro and in vivo experiments using FA to treat depression and explored the possible antidepressant pharmacological mechanisms of FA for the clinical treatment of depression. METHODS Electronic databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure, were searched from the beginning of the database creation to December 2021. RESULTS Studies on the antidepressant effects of FA show that it may exert such effects through various mechanisms. These include the following: the regulation of monoamine and non-monoamine neurotransmitter levels, inhibition of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hyperfunction and neuroinflammation, promotion of hippocampal neurogenesis and upregulation brain-derived neurotrophic factor level, neuroprotection (inhibition of neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis), and downregulation of oxidative stress. CONCLUSION Preclinical studies on the antidepressant effects of FA were reviewed in this study, and research on the antidepressant mechanisms of FA was summarized, confirming that FA can exert antidepressant effects through various pharmacological mechanisms. However, more multicenter clinical case-control studies are needed to confirm the clinical efficacy of FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Dong
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning PR China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning PR China.
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Hua Y, Xu XX, Guo S, Xie H, Yan H, Ma XF, Niu Y, Duan JA. Wild Jujube ( Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa): A Review of Its Phytonutrients, Health Benefits, Metabolism, and Applications. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:7871-7886. [PMID: 35731918 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Wild jujube, Ziziphus jujuba Mill. var. spinosa (Bunge) Hu ex H. F. Chou, as a food and health supplement worldwide, has rich nutritional value. It contains nutrients such as nucleosides, amino acids, polysaccharides, and fatty oils. The fruits, seeds, and leaves of wild jujube can all be used for food, medicine, or health care purposes. Among these, the fruits play many roles, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory functions, and can be used as a natural nutritional supplement to prevent aging. Simultaneously, the mature seed of wild jujube exhibits beneficial effects on central nervous system diseases and is often used for the treatment of insomnia and as a functional food for improving sleep quality and enhancing learning and memory. This review presents an overview of research progress relevant to the phytonutrients, biological functions, metabolism of bioactive compounds, and applications of wild jujube and aims to provide a scientific reference for the development and utilization of this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hua
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xiao-Xue Xu
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Sheng Guo
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Hong Xie
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Hui Yan
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xin-Fei Ma
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yang Niu
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
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Bahari F, Yavari M. Hot and Cold Theory: Evidence in Systems Biology. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1343:135-160. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-80983-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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