1
|
Todorova V, Ivanova S, Chakarov D, Kraev K, Ivanov K. Ecdysterone and Turkesterone-Compounds with Prominent Potential in Sport and Healthy Nutrition. Nutrients 2024; 16:1382. [PMID: 38732627 PMCID: PMC11085066 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The naturally occurring compounds ecdysterone and turkesterone, which are present in plants, including Rhaponticum carthamoides Willd. (Iljin), Spinacia oleracea L., Chenopodium quinoa Willd., and Ajuga turkestanica (Regel) Briq, are widely recognized due to their possible advantages for both general health and athletic performance. The current review investigates the beneficial biological effects of ecdysterone and turkesterone in nutrition, highlighting their roles not only in enhancing athletic performance but also in the management of various health problems. Plant-based diets, associated with various health benefits and environmental sustainability, often include sources rich in phytoecdysteroids. However, the therapeutic potential of phytoecdysteroid-rich extracts extends beyond sports nutrition, with promising applications in treating chronic fatigue, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Velislava Todorova
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Research Institute, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Stanislava Ivanova
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Research Institute, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Dzhevdet Chakarov
- Department of Propedeutics of Surgical Diseases, Section of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Krasimir Kraev
- Department of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases, Medical Faculty, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Kalin Ivanov
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Research Institute, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang J, Ni BY, Wang J, Han L, Ni X, Wang XM, Cao LC, Sun QH, Han XP, Cui HJ. Research progress of Paris polyphylla in the treatment of digestive tract cancers. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:31. [PMID: 38324023 PMCID: PMC10850040 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-00882-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer has become one of the most important causes of human death. In particular, the 5 year survival rate of patients with digestive tract cancer is low. Although chemotherapy drugs have a certain efficacy, they are highly toxic and prone to chemotherapy resistance. With the advancement of antitumor research, many natural drugs have gradually entered basic clinical research. They have low toxicity, few adverse reactions, and play an important synergistic role in the combined targeted therapy of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. A large number of studies have shown that the active components of Paris polyphylla (PPA), a common natural medicinal plant, can play an antitumor role in a variety of digestive tract cancers. In this paper, the main components of PPA such as polyphyllin, C21 steroids, sterols, and flavonoids, amongst others, are introduced, and the mechanisms of action and research progress of PPA and its active components in the treatment of various digestive tract cancers are reviewed and summarized. The main components of PPA have been thoroughly explored to provide more detailed references and innovative ideas for the further development and utilization of similar natural antitumor drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Bao-Yi Ni
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang, China
| | - Lei Han
- Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Xin Ni
- Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Xin-Miao Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lu-Chang Cao
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian-Hui Sun
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Pu Han
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hu-Jun Cui
- Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shuvalov O, Kirdeeva Y, Daks A, Fedorova O, Parfenyev S, Simon HU, Barlev NA. Phytochemicals Target Multiple Metabolic Pathways in Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2012. [PMID: 38001865 PMCID: PMC10669507 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12112012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer metabolic reprogramming is a complex process that provides malignant cells with selective advantages to grow and propagate in the hostile environment created by the immune surveillance of the human organism. This process underpins cancer proliferation, invasion, antioxidant defense, and resistance to anticancer immunity and therapeutics. Perhaps not surprisingly, metabolic rewiring is considered to be one of the "Hallmarks of cancer". Notably, this process often comprises various complementary and overlapping pathways. Today, it is well known that highly selective inhibition of only one of the pathways in a tumor cell often leads to a limited response and, subsequently, to the emergence of resistance. Therefore, to increase the overall effectiveness of antitumor drugs, it is advisable to use multitarget agents that can simultaneously suppress several key processes in the tumor cell. This review is focused on a group of plant-derived natural compounds that simultaneously target different pathways of cancer-associated metabolism, including aerobic glycolysis, respiration, glutaminolysis, one-carbon metabolism, de novo lipogenesis, and β-oxidation of fatty acids. We discuss only those compounds that display inhibitory activity against several metabolic pathways as well as a number of important signaling pathways in cancer. Information about their pharmacokinetics in animals and humans is also presented. Taken together, a number of known plant-derived compounds may target multiple metabolic and signaling pathways in various malignancies, something that bears great potential for the further improvement of antineoplastic therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Shuvalov
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (Y.K.); (A.D.); (O.F.)
| | - Yulia Kirdeeva
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (Y.K.); (A.D.); (O.F.)
| | - Alexandra Daks
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (Y.K.); (A.D.); (O.F.)
| | - Olga Fedorova
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (Y.K.); (A.D.); (O.F.)
| | - Sergey Parfenyev
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (Y.K.); (A.D.); (O.F.)
| | - Hans-Uwe Simon
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland;
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Nickolai A. Barlev
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (Y.K.); (A.D.); (O.F.)
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana 20000, Kazakhstan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Todorova V, Savova MS, Ivanova S, Ivanov K, Georgiev MI. Anti-Adipogenic Activity of Rhaponticum carthamoides and Its Secondary Metabolites. Nutrients 2023; 15:3061. [PMID: 37447387 DOI: 10.3390/nu15133061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Besides their common use as an adaptogen, Rhaponticum carthamoides (Willd.) Iljin. rhizome and its root extract (RCE) are also reported to beneficially affect lipid metabolism. The main characteristic secondary metabolites of RCE are phytoecdysteroids. In order to determine an RCE's phytoecdysteroid profile, a novel, sensitive, and robust high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method was developed and validated. Moreover, a comparative analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of RCE and its secondary metabolites on adipogenesis and adipolysis. The evaluation of the anti-adipogenic and lipolytic effects was performed using human Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome cells, where lipid staining and measurement of released glycerol and free fatty acids were employed. The HPTLC method confirmed the presence of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), ponasterone A (PA), and turkesterone (TU) in RCE. The observed results revealed that RCE, 20E, and TU significantly reduced lipid accumulation in human adipocytes, demonstrating their anti-adipogenic activity. Moreover, RCE and 20E were found to effectively stimulate basal lipolysis. However, no significant effects were observed with PA and TU applications. Based on our findings, RCE and 20E affect both lipogenesis and lipolysis, while TU only restrains adipogenesis. These results are fundamental for further investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Velislava Todorova
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Martina S Savova
- Laboratory of Metabolomics, Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Stanislava Ivanova
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Kalin Ivanov
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Milen I Georgiev
- Laboratory of Metabolomics, Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shuvalov O, Kirdeeva Y, Fefilova E, Netsvetay S, Zorin M, Vlasova Y, Fedorova O, Daks A, Parfenyev S, Barlev N. 20-Hydroxyecdysone Confers Antioxidant and Antineoplastic Properties in Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13050656. [PMID: 37233697 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13050656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
20-Hydroxyecdysone (20E) is an arthropod hormone which is synthesized by some plants as part of their defense mechanism. In humans, 20E has no hormonal activity but possesses a number of beneficial pharmacological properties including anabolic, adaptogenic, hypoglycemic, and antioxidant properties, as well as cardio-, hepato-, and neuroprotective features. Recent studies have shown that 20E may also possess antineoplastic activity. In the present study, we reveal the anticancer properties of 20E in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. 20E displayed significant antioxidant capacities and induced the expression of antioxidative stress response genes. The RNA-seq analysis of 20E-treated lung cancer cells revealed the attenuation of genes involved in different metabolic processes. Indeed, 20E suppressed several enzymes of glycolysis and one-carbon metabolism, as well as their key transcriptional regulators-c-Myc and ATF4, respectively. Accordingly, using the SeaHorse energy profiling approach, we observed the inhibition of glycolysis and respiration mediated by 20E treatment. Furthermore, 20E sensibilized lung cancer cells to metabolic inhibitors and markedly suppressed the expression of Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) markers. Thus, in addition to the known beneficial pharmacological activities of 20E, our data uncovered novel antineoplastic properties of 20E in NSCLC cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Shuvalov
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yulia Kirdeeva
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elizaveta Fefilova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sofia Netsvetay
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mark Zorin
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yulia Vlasova
- Almazov National Medical Research Center Russia, 197341 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga Fedorova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexandra Daks
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sergey Parfenyev
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Nickolai Barlev
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
- School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, 001000 Astana, Kazakhstan
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sripinyowanich S, Petchsri S, Tongyoo P, Lee TK, Lee S, Cho WK. Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis of Genes in the 20-Hydroxyecdysone Biosynthesis in the Fern Microsorum scolopendria towards Challenges with Foliar Application of Chitosan. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032397. [PMID: 36768717 PMCID: PMC9916870 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Microsorum scolopendria is an important medicinal plant that belongs to the Polypodiaceae family. In this study, we analyzed the effects of foliar spraying of chitosan on growth promotion and 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) production in M. scolopendria. Treatment with chitosan at a concentration of 50 mg/L in both young and mature sterile fronds induced the highest increase in the amount of accumulated 20E. Using RNA sequencing, we identified 3552 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in response to chitosan treatment. The identified DEGs were associated with 236 metabolic pathways. We identified several DEGs involved in the terpenoid and steroid biosynthetic pathways that might be associated with secondary metabolite 20E biosynthesis. Eight upregulated genes involved in cholesterol and phytosterol biosynthetic pathway, five upregulated genes related to the methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) and mevalonate (MVA) pathways, and several DEGs that are members of cytochrome P450s and ABC transporters were identified. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR confirmed the results of RNA-sequencing. Taken together, we showed that chitosan treatment increased plant dry weight and 20E accumulation in M. scolopendria. RNA-sequencing and DEG analyses revealed key enzymes that might be related to the production of the secondary metabolite 20E in M. scolopendria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siriporn Sripinyowanich
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand
| | - Sahanat Petchsri
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand
| | - Pumipat Tongyoo
- Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand
- Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology: (AG-BIO/MHESI), Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Taek-Kyun Lee
- Risk Assessment Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukchan Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (S.L.); (W.K.C.)
| | - Won Kyong Cho
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (S.L.); (W.K.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
How Should the Worldwide Knowledge of Traditional Cancer Healing Be Integrated with Herbs and Mushrooms into Modern Molecular Pharmacology? Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15070868. [PMID: 35890166 PMCID: PMC9320176 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional herbal medicine (THM) is a “core” from which modern medicine has evolved over time. Besides this, one third of people worldwide have no access to modern medicine and rely only on traditional medicine. To date, drugs of plant origin, or their derivates (paclitaxel, vinblastine, vincristine, vinorelbine, etoposide, camptothecin, topotecan, irinotecan, and omacetaxine), are very important in the therapy of malignancies and they are included in most chemotherapeutic regimes. To date, 391,000 plant and 14,000 mushroom species exist. Their medical and biochemical capabilities have not been studied in detail. In this review, we systematized the information about plants and mushrooms, as well as their active compounds with antitumor properties. Plants and mushrooms are divided based on the regions where they are used in ethnomedicine to treat malignancies. The majority of their active compounds with antineoplastic properties and mechanisms of action are described. Furthermore, on the basis of the available information, we divided them into two priority groups for research and for their potential of use in antitumor therapy. As there are many prerequisites and some examples how THM helps and strengthens modern medicine, finally, we discuss the positive points of THM and the management required to transform and integrate THM into the modern medicine practice.
Collapse
|
8
|
Baev AY, Charishnikova OS, Khasanov FA, Nebesnaya KS, Makhmudov AR, Rakhmedova MT, Khushbaktova ZA, Syrov VN, Levitskaya YV. Ecdysterone prevents negative effect of acute immobilization stress on energy metabolism of rat liver mitochondria. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 219:106066. [PMID: 35104603 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2022.106066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ecdysterone is a naturally occurring steroid hormone, which presents in arthropods and in a number of plants as an insect defence tool. There are many studies showing that application of ecdysterone can alter mitochondrial functions of mammalian cells, however it is not clear whether its effects are direct or mediated by activation of other cellular processes. In our study, we have shown how ecdysterone acts at the mitochondrial level in normal conditions and in certain pathology. We have demonstrated that application of immobilization stress to male rats causes uncoupling of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, the preliminary application of ecdysterone prevents negative effect of immobilization stress on mitochondria. In-vitro experiments with isolated mitochondria have shown that ecdysterone can increase mitochondrial coupling and hyperpolarise mitochondria but without a noticeable effect on ADP/O ratio. Molecular docking experiments revealed that ecdysterone has high binding energy with mitochondrial FOF1 ATP synthase, but further biochemical analysis have not revealed either stimulatory or inhibitory effect of ecdysterone on FOF1 ATPase activity of the enzyme. Thus, ecdysterone can directly affect mitochondrial bioenergetics, though we assume that its preventive effect on mitochondria during immobilization stress is also coupled with the activation of some other cellular processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Artyom Y Baev
- Laboratory of Experimental Biophysics, Centre for Advanced Technologies, Tashkent, Uzbekistan; Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan.
| | - Oksana S Charishnikova
- Laboratory of Experimental Biophysics, Centre for Advanced Technologies, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Feruzbek A Khasanov
- Laboratory of Experimental Biophysics, Centre for Advanced Technologies, Tashkent, Uzbekistan; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Kamila S Nebesnaya
- Laboratory of Experimental Biophysics, Centre for Advanced Technologies, Tashkent, Uzbekistan; Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Albert R Makhmudov
- Laboratory of Experimental Biophysics, Centre for Advanced Technologies, Tashkent, Uzbekistan; Faculty of Chemistry, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Mannona T Rakhmedova
- Laboratory of Experimental Biophysics, Centre for Advanced Technologies, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Zainab A Khushbaktova
- S. Yu. Yunusov Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Vladimir N Syrov
- S. Yu. Yunusov Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Yuliya V Levitskaya
- Laboratory of Experimental Biophysics, Centre for Advanced Technologies, Tashkent, Uzbekistan; Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Park MN, Park H, Rahman MA, Kim JW, Park SS, Cho Y, Choi J, Son SR, Jang DS, Shim BS, Kim SH, Ko SG, Cheon C, Kim B. BK002 Induces miR-192-5p-Mediated Apoptosis in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cells via Modulation of PI3K/CHOP. Front Oncol 2022; 12:791365. [PMID: 35321434 PMCID: PMC8936126 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.791365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BK002 consists of Achyranthes japonica Nakai (AJN) and Melandrium firmum Rohrbach (MFR) that have been used as herbal medicines in China and Korea. AJN and MFR have been reported to have anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-cancer activities, although the synergistic targeting multiple anti-cancer mechanism in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) has not been well reported. However, the drug resistance and transition to the androgen-independent state of prostate cancer contributing to CRPC is not well studied. Here, we reported that BK002 exerted cytotoxicity and apoptosis in CRPC PC3 cell lines and prostate cancer DU145 cell lines examined by cytotoxicity, western blot, a LIVE/DEAD cell imaging assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and transfection assays. The results from our investigation found that BK002 showed more cellular cytotoxicity than AJN and MFR alone, suggesting that BK002 exhibited potential cytotoxic properties. Consistently, BK002 increased DNA damage, and activated p-γH2A.X and depletion of survivin-activated ubiquitination of pro-PARP, caspase9, and caspase3. Notably, live cell imaging using confocal microscopy found that BK002 effectively increased DNA-binding red fluorescent intensity in PC3 and DU145 cells. Also, BK002 increased the anti-proliferative effect with activation of the C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) and significantly attenuated PI3K/AKT expression. Notably, BK002-treated cells increased ROS generation and co-treatment of N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), an ROS inhibitor, significantly preventing ROS production and cellular cytotoxicity, suggesting that ROS production is essential for initiating apoptosis in PC3 and DU145 cells. In addition, we found that BK002 significantly enhanced miR-192-5p expression, and co-treatment with BK002 and miR-192-5p inhibitor significantly reduced miR-192-5p expression and cellular viability in PC3 and DU145 cells, indicating modulation of miR-192-5p mediated apoptosis. Finally, we found that BK002-mediated CHOP upregulation and PI3K downregulation were significantly reduced and restrained by miR-192-5p inhibitor respectively, suggesting that the anti-cancer effect of BK002 is associated with the miR-192-5p/PI3K/CHOP pathway. Therefore, our study reveals that a combination of AJN and MFR might be more effective than single treatment against apoptotic activities of both CRPC cells and prostate cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moon Nyeo Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunmin Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Md. Ataur Rahman
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Woo Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Sun Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongmin Cho
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwon Choi
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Ri Son
- Collage of Science in Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Sik Jang
- Collage of Science in Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum-Sang Shim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Gyu Ko
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chunhoo Cheon
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Bonglee Kim,
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Todorova V, Ivanov K, Ivanova S. Comparison between the Biological Active Compounds in Plants with Adaptogenic Properties ( Rhaponticum carthamoides, Lepidium meyenii, Eleutherococcus senticosus and Panax ginseng). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:64. [PMID: 35009068 PMCID: PMC8747685 DOI: 10.3390/plants11010064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the 1960s, research into plant adaptogens began. Plants with adaptogenic properties have rich phytochemical compositions and have been used by humanity since ancient times. However, it is not still clear whether the adaptogenic properties are because of specific compounds or because of the whole plant extracts. The aim of this review is to compare the bioactive compounds in the different parts of these plants. METHODS The search strategy was based on studies related to the isolation of bioactive compounds from Rhaponticum carthamoides, Lepidium meyenii, Eleutherococcus senticosus, and Panax ginseng. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. RESULTS This review includes data from 259 articles. The phytochemicals isolated from Rhaponticum carthamoides, Lepidium meyenii, Eleutherococcus senticosus, and Panax ginseng were described and classified in several categories. CONCLUSIONS Plant species have always played an important role in drug discovery because their effectiveness is based on the hundreds of years of experience with folk medicine in different nations. In our view, there is great potential in the near future for some of the phytochemicals found in these plants species to become pharmaceutical agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Velislava Todorova
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (K.I.); (S.I.)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Fedorova O, Daks A, Parfenyev S, Shuvalov O, Netsvetay S, Vasileva J, Gudovich A, Golotin V, Semenov O, Petukhov A, Baiduik E, Berdigaliyev N, Tulchinsky EM, Barlev NA. Zeb1-mediated autophagy enhances resistance of breast cancer cells to genotoxic drugs. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 589:29-34. [PMID: 34883287 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.11.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved process of cellular self-digestion that involves the formation of autophagosomes for the delivery of intracellular components and dysfunctional organelles to lysosomes. This process is induced by different signals including starvation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and DNA damage. The molecular link between autophagy and DNA damage is not well understood yet. Importantly, tumor cells utilize the mechanism of autophagy to cope with genotoxic anti-cancer drug therapy. Another mechanism of drug resistance is provided to cancer cells via the execution of the EMT program. One of the critical transcription factors of EMT is Zeb1. Here we demonstrate that Zeb1 is involved in the regulation of autophagy in several breast cancer cell models. On the molecular level, Zeb1 likely facilitates autophagy through the regulation of autophagic genes, resulting in increased LC3-II levels, augmented staining with Lysotracker, and increased resistance to several genotoxic drugs. The attenuation of Zeb1 expression in TNBC cells led to the opposite effect. Consequently, we propose that Zeb1 augments the resistance of breast cancer cells to genotoxic drugs, at least partially, via autophagy. Collectively, we have uncovered a novel function of Zeb1 in the regulation of autophagy in breast cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Fedorova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064, St Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Alexandra Daks
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064, St Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey Parfenyev
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064, St Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Oleg Shuvalov
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064, St Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Sofia Netsvetay
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064, St Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Julia Vasileva
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064, St Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasia Gudovich
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064, St Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Vasilii Golotin
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064, St Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Oleg Semenov
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064, St Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey Petukhov
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064, St Petersburg, Russian Federation; Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Institute of Hematology, 197341, St Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina Baiduik
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064, St Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Nurken Berdigaliyev
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Nur-Sultan, 020000, Kazakhstan
| | - Eugene M Tulchinsky
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Nur-Sultan, 020000, Kazakhstan
| | - Nikolai A Barlev
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064, St Petersburg, Russian Federation; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, 141700, Moscow Region, Russian Federation.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fierascu I, Fierascu RC, Ungureanu C, Draghiceanu OA, Soare LC. Application of Polypodiopsida Class in Nanotechnology-Potential towards Development of More Effective Bioactive Solutions. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:748. [PMID: 34066800 PMCID: PMC8151343 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The area of phytosynthesized nanomaterials is rapidly developing, with numerous studies being published yearly. The use of plant extracts is an alternative method to reduce the toxic potential of the nanomaterials and the interest in obtaining phytosynthesized nanoparticles is usually directed towards accessible and common plant species, ferns not being explored to their real potential in this field. The developed nanoparticles could benefit from their superior antimicrobial and antioxidant properties (compared with the nanoparticles obtained by other routes), thus proposing an important alternative against health care-associated and drug-resistant infections, as well as in other types of applications. The present review aims to summarize the explored application of ferns in nanotechnology and related areas, as well as the current bottlenecks and future perspectives, as emerging from the literature data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina Fierascu
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, 060021 Bucharest, Romania;
- Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Radu Claudiu Fierascu
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, 060021 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, University “Politehnica” of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Camelia Ungureanu
- Department of General Chemistry, University “Politehnica” of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Oana Alexandra Draghiceanu
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Pitesti, 1 Targu din Vale Str., 110040 Pitesti, Romania; (O.A.D.); (L.C.S.)
| | - Liliana Cristina Soare
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Pitesti, 1 Targu din Vale Str., 110040 Pitesti, Romania; (O.A.D.); (L.C.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Romaniuk-Drapała A, Lisiak N, Totoń E, Matysiak A, Nawrot J, Nowak G, Kaczmarek M, Rybczyńska M, Rubiś B. Proapoptotic and proautophagic activity of 20-hydroxyecdysone in breast cancer cells in vitro. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 342:109479. [PMID: 33878320 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to identify the biological activity of three ecdysones, i.e., 20-hydroxyecdysone (20-HE), ajugasterone C, and polypodine B isolated from Serratula coronata. The main objective was to investigate the molecular mechanism of the biological activity of those compounds and to assess their impact on breast cancer cell survival and cell cycle. Cell lines were selected according to their hormone receptor status since this factor is perceived as a crucial one in the cancer prognosis as well as cancer cell response to therapy. Consequently, MCF7 (ER/PR+, HER2-), T-47D (ER/PR+, HER2-/+), and MDA-MB-231 (ER/PR-, HER2-) were enrolled in the study. Additionally, a non-tumorigenic, MCF10A cells were selected to verify any potential specificity to cancer cells. Interestingly, none of the studied compounds affected the viability of MCF10A cells while cancer cells were altered, albeit in different ways. Polypodine B did not affect the viability or cell cycle distribution of studied breast cancer cells. By contrast, 20-HE and ajugasterone C significantly inhibited the viability of triple-negative cell line, MDA-MB-231. Interestingly, 20-HE revealed proapoptotic activity in MDA-MB-231 and T-47D cells that was manifested by alterations in PARP, Bax, and Bcl-2 levels as well as caspase-3 activation. Moreover, 20-HE induced autophagy that was mediated by modification of autophagy-associated proteins, i.e., LC3, p62, and mTOR, but only in MDA-MB-231 cells. This study is the first to report diverse biological activity of phytoecdysones in different breast cancer cells, that suggests association with molecular characteristics including receptor status but also other biological properties and genetic markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Romaniuk-Drapała
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego Str 49, 60-355, Poznan, Poland
| | - Natalia Lisiak
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego Str 49, 60-355, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Ewa Totoń
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego Str 49, 60-355, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anita Matysiak
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego Str 49, 60-355, Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Nawrot
- Department of Medicinal and Cosmetic Natural Products, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland, Mazowiecka Str 33, 60-623, Poznan, Poland
| | - Gerard Nowak
- Department of Medicinal and Cosmetic Natural Products, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland, Mazowiecka Str 33, 60-623, Poznan, Poland
| | - Mariusz Kaczmarek
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland; Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Gene Therapy Unit, Department of Cancer Diagnostics and Immunology, Garbary 15 Str., 61-866, Poznan, Poland
| | - Maria Rybczyńska
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego Str 49, 60-355, Poznan, Poland
| | - Błażej Rubiś
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego Str 49, 60-355, Poznan, Poland
| |
Collapse
|