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Zolotarenko A, Bruskin S. IQGAP3 Is an Important Mediator of Skin Inflammatory Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4545. [PMID: 38674130 PMCID: PMC11050236 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
IQGAP3 (IQ Motif Containing GTPase Activating Protein 3) is member of the IQGAP family of scaffold proteins, which are essential for assembling multiprotein complexes that coordinate various intracellular signaling pathways. Previous research has shown that IQGAP3 is overexpressed in psoriatic skin lesions. Given its involvement in processes like cell proliferation and chemokine signaling, we sought to explore its molecular role in driving the psoriatic phenotype of keratinocytes. By conducting transcriptome profiling of HaCaT keratinocytes, we identified numerous psoriasis-associated pathways that were affected when IQGAP3 was knocked down. These included alterations in NFkB signaling, EGFR signaling, activation of p38/MAPK and ERK1/ERK2, lipid metabolism, cytokine production, and the response to inflammatory cytokine stimulation. Real-time analysis further revealed changes in cell growth dynamics, including proliferation and wound healing. The balance between cell proliferation and apoptosis was altered, as were skin barrier functions and the production of IL-6 and IFNγ. Despite these significant findings, the diversity of the alterations observed in the knockdown cells led us to conclude that IQGAP3 may not be the best target for the therapeutic inhibition to normalize the phenotype of keratinocytes in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Zolotarenko
- Laboratory of Functional genomics, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Bruskin
- Laboratory of Functional genomics, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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GAO XIAOFENG, GE JUANJUAN, GAO XUZHENG, MEI NA, SU YANTING, SHAN SHIGANG, QIAN WENBIN, GUAN JIANGHENG, ZHANG ZHENWANG, WANG LONG. IQGAP3 promotes the progression of glioma as an immune and prognostic marker. Oncol Res 2024; 32:659-678. [PMID: 38560572 PMCID: PMC10972721 DOI: 10.32604/or.2023.046712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: IQGAP3 plays a crucial role in regulating cell proliferation, division, and cytoskeletal organization. Abnormal expression of IQGAP3 has been linked to various tumors, but its function in glioma is not well understood. Methods: Various methods, including genetic differential analysis, single-cell analysis, ROC curve analysis, Cox regression, Kaplan-Meier analysis, and enrichment analysis, were employed to analyze the expression patterns, diagnostic potential, prognostic implications, and biological processes involving IQGAP3 in normal and tumor tissues. The impact of IQGAP3 on immune infiltration and the immune microenvironment in gliomas was evaluated using immunofluorescence. Additionally, the cBioPortal database was used to analyze copy number variations and mutation sites of IQGAP3. Experimental validation was also performed to assess the effects of IQGAP3 on glioma cells and explore underlying mechanisms. Results: High IQGAP3 expression in gliomas is associated with an unfavorable prognosis, particularly in wild-type IDH and 1p/19q non-codeleted gliomas. Enrichment analysis revealed that IQGAP3 is involved in regulating the cell cycle, PI3K/AKT signaling, p53 signaling, and PLK1-related pathways. Furthermore, IQGAP3 expression may be closely related to the immunosuppressive microenvironment of glioblastoma. BRD-K88742110 and LY-303511 are potential drugs for targeting IQGAP3 in anti-glioma therapy. In vitro experiments showed that downregulation of IQGAP3 inhibits the proliferation and migration of glioma cells, with the PLK1/PI3K/AKT pathway potentially playing a crucial role in IQGAP3-mediated glioma progression. Conclusion: IQGAP3 shows promise as a valuable biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis, and immunotherapeutic strategies in gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- XIAOFENG GAO
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetic Cardiovascular Diseases, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
- School of Stomatology and Ophthalmology, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
| | - JUANJUAN GE
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
| | - XUZHENG GAO
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetic Cardiovascular Diseases, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
| | - NA MEI
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetic Cardiovascular Diseases, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
| | - YANTING SU
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
| | - SHIGANG SHAN
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
| | - WENBIN QIAN
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
| | - JIANGHENG GUAN
- Department of Neurosurgery, The General Hospital of Chinese PLA Central Theater Command, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - ZHENWANG ZHANG
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetic Cardiovascular Diseases, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
| | - LONG WANG
- School of Stomatology and Ophthalmology, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
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3
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Su Z, Wang Y, Cao J, Ma J, Wang G, Ren H, Zhang Y, Sheng K, Zhu X, Wang Y. Identification and validation of non-coding RNA-mediated high expression of IQGAP3 in poor prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma. J Gene Med 2024; 26:e3664. [PMID: 38282143 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The primary reason for tumor-related deaths worldwide is lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). The oncogene IQ motif-containing GTPase activating protein 3 (IQGAP3) is crucial for contributing to tumor initiation and progression. However, the precise function and molecular mechanism of IQGAP3 in LUAD remain unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the expression, prognosis, mechanism and tumor immunity associated with IQGAP3 in LUAD. METHODS The relationship between IQGAP3 and the poor prognosis of LUAD was analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. This analysis was further validated on lung cancer tissues and cell lines. The function of IQGAP3 was investigated by silencing it in LUAD cell lines. To predict microRNA (miRNA) and long non-coding RNA associated with IQGAP3, the starBase database was utilized, and the predictions were verified by enhancing the function of miRNA. Finally, the relationship between IQGAP3 and tumor immunity was evaluated using Spearman's correlation analysis. RESULTS TCGA database revealed that higher levels of IQGAP3 were associated with advanced tumor stage, N stage and poor prognosis in LUAD patients. To confirm that, we conducted experiments on lung cancer tissues and cell lines and found that silencing IQGAP3 significantly inhibited tumor cell proliferation and migration. The expression of IQGAP3 showed a negative correlation with has-miR-101-3p and has-miR-135a-5p, whereas it showed a positive correlation with GSEC, AC005034.3 and TYMSOS. Furthermore, the introduction of miRNA-mimics into lung cancer cell resulted in a significant inhibition of cancer cell growth and migration. Following that, the level of IQGAP3 showed a positive correlation with the infiltration of immune cells in tumors. CONCLUSIONS These results reveal that IQGAP3 significantly promotes LUAD progression and could serve as a prognostic biomarker for LUAD. Furthermore, IQGAP3 is most likely regulated by the GSEC/TYMSOS-hsa-miR-101-3p axis and the AC005034.3-hsa-miR-135a-5p axis in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Su
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Microenvironment and Precision Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Microenvironment and Precision Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jialing Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Microenvironment and Precision Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Anhui Chest Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Guangzhao Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Microenvironment and Precision Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Huijuan Ren
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Microenvironment and Precision Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yihan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Microenvironment and Precision Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Kangliang Sheng
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Microenvironment and Precision Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xueying Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Anhui Chest Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yongzhong Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Human Microenvironment and Precision Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Lyu F, Gao X, Ma M, Xie M, Shang S, Ren X, Liu M, Chen J. Crafting a Personalized Prognostic Model for Malignant Prostate Cancer Patients Using Risk Gene Signatures Discovered through TCGA-PRAD Mining, Machine Learning, and Single-Cell RNA-Sequencing. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:1997. [PMID: 37370891 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13121997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer is a significant clinical issue, particularly for high Gleason score (GS) malignancy patients. Our study aimed to engineer and validate a risk model based on the profiles of high-GS PCa patients for early identification and the prediction of prognosis. METHODS We conducted differential gene expression analysis on patient samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and enriched our understanding of gene functions. Using the least absolute selection and shrinkage operator (LASSO) regression, we established a risk model and validated it using an independent dataset from the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC). Clinical variables were incorporated into a nomogram to predict overall survival (OS), and machine learning was used to explore the risk factor characteristics' impact on PCa prognosis. Our prognostic model was confirmed using various databases, including single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets (scRNA-seq), the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), PCa cell lines, and tumor tissues. RESULTS We identified 83 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Furthermore, WASIR1, KRTAP5-1, TLX1, KIF4A, and IQGAP3 were determined to be significant risk factors for OS and progression-free survival (PFS). Based on these five risk factors, we developed a risk model and nomogram for predicting OS and PFS, with a C-index of 0.823 (95% CI, 0.766-0.881) and a 10-year area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.788 (95% CI, 0.633-0.943). Additionally, the 3-year AUC was 0.759 when validating using ICGC. KRTAP5-1 and WASIR1 were found to be the most influential prognosis factors when using the optimized machine learning model. Finally, the established model was interrelated with immune cell infiltration, and the signals were found to be differentially expressed in PCa cells when using scRNA-seq datasets and tissues. CONCLUSIONS We engineered an original and novel prognostic model based on five gene signatures through TCGA and machine learning, providing new insights into the risk of scarification and survival prediction for PCa patients in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Lyu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Xianshu Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Mingwei Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Mu Xie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Shiyu Shang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
- First Clinical Medical School, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Xueying Ren
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Mingzhu Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Jiayan Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
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Song F, Dai Q, Grimm MO, Steinbach D. The Antithetic Roles of IQGAP2 and IQGAP3 in Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041115. [PMID: 36831467 PMCID: PMC9953781 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The scaffold protein family of IQ motif-containing GTPase-activating proteins (IQGAP1, 2, and 3) share a high degree of homology and comprise six functional domains. IQGAPs bind and regulate the cytoskeleton, interact with MAP kinases and calmodulin, and have GTPase-related activity, as well as a RasGAP domain. Thus, IQGAPs regulate multiple cellular processes and pathways, affecting cell division, growth, cell-cell interactions, migration, and invasion. In the past decade, significant evidence on the function of IQGAPs in signal transduction during carcinogenesis has emerged. Compared with IQGAP1, IQGAP2 and IQGAP3 were less analyzed. In this review, we summarize the different signaling pathways affected by IQGAP2 and IQGAP3, and the antithetic roles of IQGAP2 and IQGAP3 in different types of cancer. IQGAP2 expression is reduced and plays a tumor suppressor role in most solid cancer types, while IQGAP3 is overexpressed and acts as an oncogene. In lymphoma, for example, IQGAPs have partially opposite functions. There is considerable evidence that IQGAPs regulate a multitude of pathways to modulate cancer processes and chemoresistance, but some questions, such as how they trigger this signaling, through which domains, and why they play opposite roles on the same pathways, are still unanswered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Song
- Department of Urology, Jena University Hospital, 07740 Jena, Germany
| | - Qingqing Dai
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases), Jena University Hospital, 07740 Jena, Germany
| | - Marc-Oliver Grimm
- Department of Urology, Jena University Hospital, 07740 Jena, Germany
| | - Daniel Steinbach
- Department of Urology, Jena University Hospital, 07740 Jena, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Li W, Wang Z, Wang H, Zhang J, Wang X, Xing S, Chen S. IQGAP3 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma contributes to drug resistance and genome stability. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14201. [PMID: 36275458 PMCID: PMC9586079 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Clear cell renal clear cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is resistant to most chemotherapeutic drugs and the molecular mechanisms have not been fully revealed. Genomic instability and the abnormal activation of bypass DNA repair pathway is the potential cause of tumor resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. IQ-motif GTPase activating protein 3 (IQGAP3) regulates cell migration and intercellular adhesion. This study aims to analysis the effects of IQGAP3 expression on cell survival, genome stability and clinical prognosis in ccRCC. Methods Multiple bioinformatics analysis based on TCGA database and IHC analysis on clinical specimens were included. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot (WB) were used to determine protein expression level. MTT assay and 3D spheroid cell growth assay were used to assess cell proliferation and drug resistance in RNAi transfected ccRCC cells. Cell invasion capacity was evaluated by transwell assay. The influence of IQGAP3 on genome instability was revealed by micronuclei number and γ H2AX recruitment test. Results The highly expressed IQGAP3 in multiple subtypes of renal cell carcinoma has a clear prognostic value. Deletion of IQGAP3 inhibits cell growth in 3D Matrigel. IQGAP3 depletion lso increases accumulated DNA damage, and improves cell sensitivity to ionizing radiation and chemotherapeutic drugs. Therefore, targeting DNA damage repair function of IQGAP3 in tumorigenesis can provide ideas for the development of new targets for early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- Health Science Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China,Carson International Cancer Centre, Shenzhen University General Hospital and Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhifeng Wang
- Department of Urology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hanlin Wang
- Health Science Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Health Science Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China,Carson International Cancer Centre, Shenzhen University General Hospital and Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaojun Xing
- Health Science Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China,Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Si Chen
- Health Science Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Comprehensive Multiomics Analysis Identified IQGAP3 as a Potential Prognostic Marker in Pan-Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:4822964. [PMID: 36164370 PMCID: PMC9508463 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4822964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background IQGAP3 has important function in cancer progression and has become a potential therapeutic target as a transmembrane protein. But its role in tumor immunity and pan-cancer was not systematically investigated. This study evaluated the potential role of IQGAP3 and clinical significance in pan-cancer through combined multiomics analysis. Methods From Genotype Tissue Expression (GTEx) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases, transcriptomic datasets were first obtained, and from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), expression profiling microarray data were acquired and integrated to systematically assess the expression differences and prognostic relevance of IQGAP3 in pancreatic cancer. Immunohistochemical data were obtained from Human Protein Atlas (HPA) to assess IQGAP3 protein expression differences, and exome data from TCGA were used to analyze IQGAP3 expression in relation to tumor mutational burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), and mutation. Additionally, we also analyzed the relationship between IQGAP3 expression and immune checkpoints, mismatch repair (MMR), and IQGAP3 relationship with methylation and copy number variation based on expression profiles. Results Microsatellite instability (MSI), immune checkpoints, mismatch repair (MMR), and tumor mutational burden (TMB) all closely interacted with IQGAP3 mRNA. In addition, detailed relationships between the immune microenvironment and IQGAP3 mRNA as well as immune cell CD4+ Th2 and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) were determined. Mechanistically, IQGAP3 was involved in cytoskeleton formation, T cell receptor signaling pathways, DNA damage, cell cycle, P53 pathway, Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis, and apoptosis. Conclusion IQGAP3 could serve as an effective prognostic biomarker for pan-cancer immune-related therapy.
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Zhang W, Huang F, Tang X, Ran L. The clonal expression genes associated with poor prognosis of liver cancer. Front Genet 2022; 13:808273. [PMID: 36092878 PMCID: PMC9453594 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.808273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The extensive spatial genomic intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) in liver cancer hindered treatment development and limited biomarker design. Early events that drive tumor malignant transformation in tumor founder cells are clonally present in all tumor cell populations, which provide stable biomarkers for the localization of tumor cells and patients’ prognosis. In the present study, we identified the recurrently clonal somatic mutations and copy number alterations (CNAs) (893 clonal somatic mutations and 6,617 clonal CNAs) in 353 liver cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and evaluated their prognosis potential. We showed that prognosis-related clonal alterations might play essential roles in tumor evolution. We identified 32 prognosis related clonal alterations differentially expressed between paired normal and tumor samples, that their expression was cross-validated by three independent cohorts (50 paired samples in TCGA, 149 paired samples in GSE76297, and 9 paired samples in SUB6779164). These clonal expression alterations were also significantly correlated with clinical phenotypes. Using stepwise regression, we identified five (UCK2, EFNA4, KPAN2, UBE2T, and KIF14) and six (MCM10, UCK2, IQGAP3, EFNA4, UBE2T, and KPNA2) clonal expression alterations for recurrence and survival model construction, respectively. Furthermore, in 10 random repetitions, we showed strong applicability of the multivariate Cox regression models constructed based on the clonal expression genes, which significantly predicted the outcomes of the patients in all the training and validation sets. Taken together, our work may provide a new avenue to overcome spatial ITH and refine biomarker design across cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanfeng Zhang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fang Huang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xia Tang
- Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Longke Ran
- Department of Bioinformatics, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Longke Ran,
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Dai Q, Ain Q, Rooney M, Song F, Zipprich A. Role of IQ Motif-Containing GTPase-Activating Proteins in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:920652. [PMID: 35785216 PMCID: PMC9243542 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.920652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
IQ motif-containing GTPase-activating proteins (IQGAPs) are a class of scaffolding proteins, including IQGAP1, IQGAP2, and IQGAP3, which govern multiple cellular activities by facilitating cytoskeletal remodeling and cellular signal transduction. The role of IQGAPs in cancer initiation and progression has received increasing attention in recent years, especially in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), where the aberrant expression of IQGAPs is closely related to patient prognosis. IQGAP1 and 3 are upregulated and are considered oncogenes in HCC, while IQGAP2 is downregulated and functions as a tumor suppressor. This review details the three IQGAP isoforms and their respective structures. The expression and role of each protein in different liver diseases and mainly in HCC, as well as the underlying mechanisms, are also presented. This review also provides a reference for further studies on IQGAPs in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Dai
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Else Kröner Graduate School for Medical Students “Jena School for Ageing Medicine (JSAM)”, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Quratul Ain
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Rooney
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Fei Song
- Department of Urology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Alexander Zipprich
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- *Correspondence: Alexander Zipprich,
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Lin X, Kong D, Chen ZS. Editorial: Chemo-Radiation-Resistance in Cancer Therapy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:904063. [PMID: 35662703 PMCID: PMC9159921 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.904063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dexin Kong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Institute for Biotechnology, St. John's University, Queens, New York, NY, United States
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11
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Yang N, Liu L, Liu X, Chen Y, Lu J, Wang Z. hnRNPC Promotes Malignancy in Pancreatic Cancer through Stabilization of IQGAP3. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:6319685. [PMID: 35355828 PMCID: PMC8958073 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6319685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Due to challenges in early-stage detection, aggressive behavior, and poor response to systemic therapy, pancreatic cancer is one of the most fatal cancer types globally. The role of RNA-binding protein (RBP) transcription and translation of cancer cells has been well demonstrated, although their roles in pancreatic cancer is less well understood. In this study, we found that heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C (hnRNPC), a RBP, is highly expressed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tissues and cells. In addition, we discovered that overexpression of hnRNPC in PDAC cells in vitro increased cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis. The presence of hnRNPC promoted tumorigenesis of pancreatic cells in metastatic in vivo models, which was also validated. In silico analyses revealed that hnRNPC is a strong positive regulator of IQ Motif Containing GTPase Activating Protein 3 (IQGAP3) activity. The experimental confirmation of this association revealed a direct interaction of IQGAP3 and hnRNPC to induce cell growth and invasion in PDAC cells by activating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In light of the findings that hnRNPC accelerates PDAC progression by interfering with IQGAP3, it appears that this technique for diagnosis and treatment of PDAC may have promise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Yang
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital Luwan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200020, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital Luwan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200020, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yingjie Chen
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jian Lu
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital Luwan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200020, China
| | - Zhongmin Wang
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital Luwan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200020, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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12
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Yuan Y, Jiang X, Tang L, Yang H, Wang J, Zhang D, Duan L. Comprehensive Analyses of the Immunological and Prognostic Roles of an IQGAP3AR/let-7c-5p/IQGAP3 Axis in Different Types of Human Cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:763248. [PMID: 35274003 PMCID: PMC8902246 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.763248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IQ motif containing GTPase-activating protein 3 (IQGAP3) is a member of the Rho family of guanosine-5′-triphosphatases (GTPases). IQGAP3 plays a crucial part in the development and progression of several types of cancer. However, the prognostic, upstream-regulatory, and immunological roles of IQGAP3 in human cancer types are not known. We found that IQGAP3 expression was increased in different types of human cancer. The high expression of IQGAP3 was correlated with tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, and a poor prognosis in diverse types of human cancer. The DNA methylation of IQGAP3 was highly and negatively correlated with IQGAP3 expression in diverse cancer types. High DNA methylation in IQGAP3 was correlated with better overall survival in human cancer types. High mRNA expression of IQGAP3 was associated with tumor mutational burden, microsatellite instability, immune cell infiltration, and immune modulators. Analyses of signaling pathway enrichment showed that IQGAP3 was involved in the cell cycle. IQGAP3 expression was associated with sensitivity to a wide array of drugs in cancer cells lines. We revealed that polypyrimidine tract–binding protein 1 (PTBP1) and an IQGAP3-associated lncRNA (IQGAP3AR)/let-7c-5p axis were potential regulations for IQGAP3 expression. We provided the first evidence to show that an IQGAP3AR/let-7c-5p/IQGAP3 axis has indispensable roles in the progression and immune response in different types of human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiao Yuan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiulin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, China
| | - Lin Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Dahang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Lincan Duan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Lincan Duan,
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13
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Hua X, Long ZQ, Guo L, Wen W, Huang X, Zhang WW. IQGAP3 Overexpression Correlates With Poor Prognosis and Radiation Therapy Resistance in Breast Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:584450. [PMID: 33519444 PMCID: PMC7840781 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.584450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: IQ motif-containing GTPase activating protein 3 (IQGAP3), the latest identified member of the IQGAP family, may act as a crucial factor in cancer development and progression; however, its clinical value in breast cancer remains unestablished. We explored the correlation between IQGAP3 expression profile and the clinicopathological features in breast cancer. Methods: IQGAP3 mRNA and protein levels were detected in breast cancer cell lines and tumor tissues by real-time PCR and western blotting and compared to the normal control groups. Protein expression of IQGAP3 was also evaluated immunohistochemically in archived paraffin-embedded specimens from 257 breast cancer patients, and the associations between IQGAP3 expression level, clinical characteristics, and prognosis were analyzed. We assessed the relationship between IQGAP3 expression and sensitivity to radiation therapy which was determined by subgroup analysis. Results: IQGAP3 was significantly upregulated in breast cancer cell lines and human tumor tissues at both the mRNA and protein level compared to controls. Additionally, high levels of IQGAP3 expression were detected in 110/257 (42.8%) of archived paraffin-embedded breast cancer specimens. High IQGAP3 expression level was significantly related to clinical stage (p = 0.001), T category (p = 0.002), N category (p = 0.001), locoregional recurrence (p = 0.002), distant metastasis (p = 0.001), and vital status (p = 0.001). Univariate and multivariate statistical analysis showed that IQGAP3 expression was an independent prognostic factor among all 257 breast cancer patients in our cohort (p = 0.003, p = 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed IQGAP3 expression correlated with radioresistance and was also an independent predictor of radiotherapy outcome. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that high IQGAP3 expression predicts poor prognosis and radioresistance in breast cancer. Therefore, IQGAP3 may be a reliable prognostic biomarker in breast cancer and could be used to identify patients who may benefit from radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Radiotherapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Qing Long
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Radiotherapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Wen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Radiotherapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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