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Bai G, Ling J, Lu J, Fang M, Yu S. Adiponectin receptor agonist AdipoRon alleviates memory impairment in the hippocampus of septic mice. Behav Brain Res 2024; 472:115174. [PMID: 39098398 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a common and severe clinical feature of sepsis; however, therapeutic approaches are limited because of the unclear pathogenesis. Adiponectin receptor agonist (AdipoRon) is a small-molecule agonist of the adiponectin receptor that exhibits anti-inflammatory and memory-improving effects in various diseases. In the present study, we established lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mice models of SAE and found that Adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) was significantly decreased in the hippocampus. Administration of AdipoRon improves memory impairment, mitigates synaptic damage, and alleviates neuronal death. Furthermore, AdipoRon reduces the number of microglia. More importantly, AdipoRon promotes the phosphorylation of adenosine 5 '-monophosphate activated protein kinase (pAMPK). In conclusion, AdipoRon is protective against SAE-induced memory decline and brain injury in the SAE models via activating the hippocampal adenosine 5 '-monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK).
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyang Bai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Jianmin Ling
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Minghao Fang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.
| | - Shanshan Yu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China.
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2
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Zheng J, Zhang W, Xu R, Liu L. The role of adiponectin and its receptor signaling in ocular inflammation-associated diseases. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 717:150041. [PMID: 38710142 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Ocular inflammation-associated diseases are leading causes of global visual impairment, with limited treatment options. Adiponectin, a hormone primarily secreted by adipose tissue, binds to its receptors, which are widely distributed throughout the body, exerting powerful physiological regulatory effects. The protective role of adiponectin in various inflammatory diseases has gained increasing attention in recent years. Previous studies have confirmed the presence of adiponectin and its receptors in the eyes. Furthermore, adiponectin and its analogs have shown potential as novel drugs for the treatment of inflammatory eye diseases. This article summarizes the evidence for the interplay between adiponectin and inflammatory eye diseases and provides new perspectives on the diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities of adiponectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenqiu Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ran Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Longqian Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Lee YE, Im DS. Euiin-Tang Attenuates Obesity-Induced Asthma by Resolving Metaflammation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:853. [PMID: 39065704 PMCID: PMC11279728 DOI: 10.3390/ph17070853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Euiin-tang reduces obesity and hypertension. Patients with obesity may develop obesity-induced asthma (OIA) owing to phlegm dampness. This study aimed to determine whether euiin-tang alleviates high-fat diet (HFD)-induced OIA in C57BL/6 mice. OIA was developed by HFD feeding for 15 weeks in C57BL/6 mice, and euiin-tang (5 mg/10 g/day) was orally administered for the last five weeks. Oral administration of euiin-tang suppressed HFD-induced changes in body weight, liver weight, airway hypersensitivity (AHR), and immune cell infiltration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Histological analysis revealed that euiin-tang treatment suppressed HFD-induced mucosal inflammation, hypersecretion, and fibrosis. The lungs and gonadal white adipose tissue showed increased expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-17A, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-13, IFN-γ, MPO, and CCL2) following HFD, whereas euiin-tang inhibited this increase. HFD also increased the number of pro-inflammatory CD86+ M1 macrophages and decreased the number of anti-inflammatory CD206+ M2 macrophages in the lungs, whereas euiin-tang treatment reversed these effects. HFD induced a decrease in adiponectin and an increase in leptin, which was reversed by euiin-tang. Therefore, euiin-tang may be a potential therapeutic agent for OIA because it suppresses metaflammation as demonstrated in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dong-Soon Im
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
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4
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Goli SH, Lim JY, Basaran-Akgul N, Templeton SP. Adiponectin pathway activation dampens inflammation and enhances alveolar macrophage fungal killing via LC3-associated phagocytosis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.24.600373. [PMID: 38979340 PMCID: PMC11230297 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.24.600373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Although innate immunity is critical for antifungal host defense against the human opportunistic fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus, potentially damaging inflammation must be controlled. Adiponectin (APN) is an adipokine produced mainly in adipose tissue that exerts anti-inflammatory effects in adipose-distal tissues such as the lung. We observed 100% mortality and increased fungal burden and inflammation in neutropenic mice with invasive aspergillosis (IA) that lack APN or the APN receptors AdipoR1 or AdipoR2. Alveolar macrophages (AMs), early immune sentinels that detect and respond to lung infection, express both receptors, and APN-/- AMs exhibited an inflammatory/M1 phenotype that was associated with decreased fungal killing. Pharmacological stimulation of AMs with AdipoR agonist AdipoRon partially rescued deficient killing in APN-/- AMs that was dependent on both receptors. Finally, APN-enhanced fungal killing was associated with increased activation of the non-canonical LC3 pathway of autophagy. Thus, our study identifies a novel role for APN in LC3-mediated killing of A.fumigatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sri Harshini Goli
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine-Terre Haute, Terre Haute, IN 47809, USA
- Department of Biology, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, IN 47809, USA
| | - Joo-Yeon Lim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine-Terre Haute, Terre Haute, IN 47809, USA
| | - Nese Basaran-Akgul
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine-Terre Haute, Terre Haute, IN 47809, USA
| | - Steven P. Templeton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine-Terre Haute, Terre Haute, IN 47809, USA
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Poynter ME, Mank MM, Ather JL. Obesity-associated inflammatory macrophage polarization is inhibited by capsaicin and phytolignans. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2024; 326:R370-R382. [PMID: 38436058 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00161.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is often accompanied by increased adipose tissue inflammation, a process that is partially driven by adipose tissue-resident macrophages. In this study, we explored the potential for plant-derived dietary compounds to exert anti-inflammatory effects in macrophages that alleviate obesity-associated adipocyte dysfunction. Capsaicin (CAP), schisandrin A (SA), enterodiol (END), and enterolactone (ENL) treatment polarized J774 macrophages to an "M2" or anti-inflammatory phenotype and inhibited responses to stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Furthermore, these compounds blocked inflammasome activation when administered just before ATP-induced NLRP3 activation, as evidenced by the abrogation of IL-1β release in mouse macrophages and human peripheral blood monocytes. The addition of CAP, SA, or ENL during the differentiation of bone marrow-derived macrophages was also sufficient to inhibit LPS-induced IL-6 and TNFα production. Finally, CAP, END, and ENL treatment during differentiation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes induced an adiponectin-high phenotype accompanied by increases in thermogenic gene expression, and conditioned media from these adipocytes inhibited LPS-induced production of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα from J774 macrophages. These polarizing effects were partially mediated by the elevated adiponectin and decreased syndecan-4 in the adipocyte-conditioned media. These results implicate the contribution of plant-derived dietary components to the modulation of macrophages and adipocytes in obesity.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The utility of food-based products to prevent or alleviate chronic conditions such as obesity and its associated comorbidities is an attractive approach. Capsaicin, schisandrin A, enterodiol, and enterolactone, phytochemicals present in traditional medicinal food, decreased proinflammatory cytokine production from macrophages that, in turn, reduced obesity-associated adipocyte dysfunction. These results implicate the contribution of plant-derived dietary components to the modulation of macrophages and adipocytes in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E Poynter
- Department of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States
- The Vermont Lung Center, The University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States
| | - Madeleine M Mank
- Department of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States
- The Vermont Lung Center, The University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States
| | - Jennifer L Ather
- Department of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States
- The Vermont Lung Center, The University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, United States
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Zhu W, Bai D, Ji W, Gao J. TRP channels associated with macrophages as targets for the treatment of obese asthma. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:49. [PMID: 38365763 PMCID: PMC10874053 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02016-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Globally, obesity and asthma pose significant health challenges, with obesity being a key factor influencing asthma. Despite this, effective treatments for obese asthma, a distinct phenotype, remain elusive. Since the discovery of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in 1969, their value as therapeutic targets for various diseases has been acknowledged. TRP channels, present in adipose tissue cells, influence fat cell heat production and the secretion of adipokines and cytokines, which are closely associated with asthma and obesity. This paper aims to investigate the mechanisms by which obesity exacerbates asthma-related inflammation and suggests that targeting TRP channels in adipose tissue could potentially suppress obese asthma and offer novel insights into its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhao Zhu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dinxi Bai
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenting Ji
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jing Gao
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Ruhl T, Sessler TM, Keimes JM, Beier JP, Villwock S, Rose M, Dahl E. ITIH5 inhibits proliferation, adipogenic differentiation, and secretion of inflammatory cytokines of human adipose stem cells-A new key in treating obesity? FASEB J 2024; 38:e23352. [PMID: 38095340 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301366r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 5 (ITIH5) is widely expressed in the human body, and it is detected to be particularly abundant in adipose tissue. ITIH5 expression is increased in people with obesity compared to lean persons and is decreased by diet-induced weight loss. This suggests that ITIH5 may be involved in the development of adiposity and clinical metabolic variables, although its exact function remains unknown. We measured the protein concentration of ITIH5 in adipose samples from patients undergoing abdominoplasty and tested for correlation with the subjects' BMI as well as inflammatory mediators. We stimulated human adipose stem cells (ASCs) with recombinant (r)ITIH5 protein and tested for an effect on proliferation, differentiation, and immunosuppressive properties when the cells were exposed to an artificial inflammatory environment. We found positive correlations between ITIH5 levels and the BMI (p < .001) as well as concentrations of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and MCP-1) in adipose tissue (p < .01). Application of the rITIH5 protein inhibited both proliferation (p < .001) and differentiation of ASCs. Especially, the development of mature adipocytes was reduced by over 50%. Moreover, rITIH5 decreased the release of IL-6 and MCP-1 when the cells were exposed to TNF-α and IL-1β (p < .001). Our data suggest that ITIH5 is an adipokine that is increasingly released during human adipose tissue development, acting as a regulator that inhibits proliferation and adipogenic differentiation of ASCs. ITIH5 thus presents itself as a positive regulator of adipose tissue homeostasis, possibly protecting against both hyperplasia and hypertrophy of adipose tissue and the associated chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Ruhl
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery-Burn Center, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas M Sessler
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery-Burn Center, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jana M Keimes
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery-Burn Center, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Justus P Beier
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery-Burn Center, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sophia Villwock
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael Rose
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Edgar Dahl
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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8
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Kleniewska P, Pawliczak R. Alpha-lipoic acid, apocynin or probiotics influence glutathione status and selected inflammatory parameters in C57/BL6 mice when combined with a low-fat diet. Pharmacol Rep 2023; 75:1166-1176. [PMID: 37730940 PMCID: PMC10539412 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00527-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to determine the potential of a low-fat diet (LFD) to protect against oxidative and inflammatory damage in the course of asthma and obesity when combined with antioxidants (alpha-lipoic acid-ALA, apocynin-APO) or a probiotic (P) (Lactobacillus casei). METHODS The experiments were carried out on ten groups of male C57/BL6 mice that were fed standard fat (SFD), low-fat (LFD), or high-fat (HFD) diets. Ovalbumin (OVA, administered subcutaneously and by inhalation) was used to sensitize the animals. IL-1α, IL-10, eotaxin-1, leptin, and TNF-α concentrations were examined in blood, while total glutathione (GSHt), reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and -SH groups were measured in lung homogenates. RESULTS LFD in combination with the analyzed compounds (APO, P, ALA) significantly decreased the concentration of IL-1α compared to the OVA + HFD group (p < 0.01; p = 0.025; p = 0.002, respectively). Similarly, the treated mice demonstrated lower eotaxin-1 concentrations compared to the HFD group (p < 0.001). Moreover, supplementation of LFD with probiotics significantly increased the concentration of IL-10 vs. controls (p < 0.001) and vs. untreated OVA-sensitized and challenged/obese mice (p < 0.001). Animals administered APO/ALA with LFD displayed a significant decrease in TNF-α concentration compared to OVA + HFD mice (p = 0.013; p = 0.002 respectively). Those treated with ALA displayed significantly improved GSH levels (p = 0.035) compared to OVA + HFD mice. CONCLUSIONS Supplementation of the tested compounds with LFD appears to have a positive influence on the glutathione redox status of pulmonary tissues and selected inflammatory parameters in mouse blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Kleniewska
- Department of Immunopathology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9 (Bldg 2 Rm 177), 90-752, Łódź, Poland.
| | - Rafał Pawliczak
- Department of Immunopathology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9 (Bldg 2 Rm 177), 90-752, Łódź, Poland
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Lim JY, Templeton SP. Regulation of lung inflammation by adiponectin. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1244586. [PMID: 37724101 PMCID: PMC10505393 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1244586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin is an insulin sensitizing hormone that also plays a role in the regulation of inflammation. Although adiponectin can exert pro-inflammatory effects, more studies have reported anti-inflammatory effects, even in non-adipose tissues such as the lung. Obesity is considered an inflammatory disease, is a risk factor for lung diseases, and is associated with decreased levels of plasma adiponectin. The results of recent studies have suggested that adiponectin exerts anti-inflammatory activity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma and invasive fungal infection. The signaling receptors of adiponectin, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, are expressed by epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and immune cells in the lung. In this mini-review, we discuss the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of adiponectin in lung cells and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Steven P. Templeton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine-Terre Haute, Terre Haute, IN, United States
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Policastro V, Righelli D, Ravà L, Vernocchi P, Bianchi M, Vallone C, Signore F, Manco M. Dietary Fatty Acids Contribute to Maintaining the Balance between Pro-Inflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Responses during Pregnancy. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112432. [PMID: 37299395 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During pregnancy, the balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses is essential for ensuring healthy outcomes. Dietary Fatty acids may modulate inflammation. METHODS We investigated the association between dietary fatty acids as profiled on red blood cells membranes and a few pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, including the adipokines leptin and adiponectin at ~38 weeks in 250 healthy women. RESULTS We found a number of associations, including, but not limited to those of adiponectin with C22:3/C22:4 (coeff -1.44; p = 0.008), C18:1 c13/c14 (coeff 1.4; p = 0.02); endotoxin with C20:1 (coeff -0.9; p = 0.03), C22:0 (coeff -0.4; p = 0.05); MCP-1 with C16:0 (coeff 0.8; p = 0.04); and ICAM-1 with C14:0 (coeff -86.8; p = 0.045). Several cytokines including leptin were associated with maternal body weight (coeff 0.9; p = 2.31 × 10-5), smoking habits (i.e., ICAM-1 coeff 133.3; p = 0.09), or gestational diabetes (i.e., ICAM-1 coeff 688; p = 0.06). CONCLUSIONS In a general cohort of pregnant women, the intake of fatty acids influenced the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory molecules together with weight gain, smoking habits, and gestational diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Policastro
- Department of Political Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo "Mauro Picone", National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Righelli
- Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo "Mauro Picone", National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Padova, 35121 Padua, Italy
| | - Lucilla Ravà
- Clinical Epidemiology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Pamela Vernocchi
- Unit of Human Microbiome, Multimodal Laboratory Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Marzia Bianchi
- Research Unit of Molecular Genetics of Complex Phenotypes, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Vallone
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, USL Roma1, San Filippo Neri Hospital, 00135 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Signore
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, USL Roma2, Sant 'Eugenio Hospital, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Melania Manco
- Research Area for Fetal, Neonatal and Cardiological Sciences, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Roma, Italy
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11
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Das A, Pathak MP, Pathak K, Saikia R, Gogoi U. Herbal medicine for the treatment of obesity-associated asthma: a comprehensive review. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1186060. [PMID: 37251328 PMCID: PMC10213975 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1186060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is fast growing as a global pandemic and is associated with numerous comorbidities like cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, gastroesophageal reflux disease, sleep disorders, nephropathy, neuropathy, as well as asthma. Studies stated that obese asthmatic subjects suffer from an increased risk of asthma, and encounter severe symptoms due to a number of pathophysiology. It is very vital to understand the copious relationship between obesity and asthma, however, a clear and pinpoint pathogenesis underlying the association between obesity and asthma is scarce. There is a plethora of obesity-asthma etiologies reported viz., increased circulating pro-inflammatory adipokines like leptin, resistin, and decreased anti-inflammatory adipokines like adiponectin, depletion of ROS controller Nrf2/HO-1 axis, nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) associated macrophage polarization, hypertrophy of WAT, activation of Notch signaling pathway, and dysregulated melanocortin pathway reported, however, there is a very limited number of reports that interrelates these pathophysiologies. Due to the underlying complex pathophysiologies exaggerated by obese conditions, obese asthmatics respond poorly to anti-asthmatic drugs. The poor response towards anti-asthmatic drugs may be due to the anti-asthmatics approach only that ignores the anti-obesity target. So, aiming only at the conventional anti-asthmatic targets in obese-asthmatics may prove to be futile until and unless treatment is directed towards ameliorating obesity pathogenesis for a holistic approach towards amelioration of obesity-associated asthma. Herbal medicines for obesity as well as obesity-associated comorbidities are fast becoming safer and more effective alternatives to conventional drugs due to their multitargeted approach with fewer adverse effects. Although, herbal medicines are widely used for obesity-associated comorbidities, however, a limited number of herbal medicines have been scientifically validated and reported against obesity-associated asthma. Notable among them are quercetin, curcumin, geraniol, resveratrol, β-Caryophyllene, celastrol, tomatidine to name a few. In view of this, there is a dire need for a comprehensive review that may summarize the role of bioactive phytoconstituents from different sources like plants, marine as well as essential oils in terms of their therapeutic mechanisms. So, this review aims to critically discuss the therapeutic role of herbal medicine in the form of bioactive phytoconstituents against obesity-associated asthma available in the scientific literature to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparoop Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Manash Pratim Pathak
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Assam Down Town University, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Kalyani Pathak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Riya Saikia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Urvashee Gogoi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
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12
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Shah NM, Kaltsakas G. Respiratory complications of obesity: from early changes to respiratory failure. Breathe (Sheff) 2023. [DOI: 10.1183/20734735.0263-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a significant and increasingly common cause of respiratory compromise. It causes a decrease in static and dynamic pulmonary volumes. The expiratory reserve volume is one of the first to be affected. Obesity is associated with reduced airflow, increased airway hyperresponsiveness, and an increased risk of developing pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary embolism, respiratory tract infections, obstructive sleep apnoea and obesity hypoventilation syndrome. The physiological changes caused by obesity will eventually lead to hypoxic or hypercapnic respiratory failure. The pathophysiology of these changes includes a physical load of adipose tissue on the respiratory system and a systemic inflammatory state. Weight loss has clear, well-defined benefits in improving respiratory and airway physiology in obese individuals.
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Wang CJ, Noble PB, Elliot JG, James AL, Wang KCW. From Beneath the Skin to the Airway Wall: Understanding the Pathological Role of Adipose Tissue in Comorbid Asthma-Obesity. Compr Physiol 2023; 13:4321-4353. [PMID: 36715283 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c220011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
This article provides a contemporary report on the role of adipose tissue in respiratory dysfunction. Adipose tissue is distributed throughout the body, accumulating beneath the skin (subcutaneous), around organs (visceral), and importantly in the context of respiratory disease, has recently been shown to accumulate within the airway wall: "airway-associated adipose tissue." Excessive adipose tissue deposition compromises respiratory function and increases the severity of diseases such as asthma. The mechanisms of respiratory impairment are inflammatory, structural, and mechanical in nature, vary depending on the anatomical site of deposition and adipose tissue subtype, and likely contribute to different phenotypes of comorbid asthma-obesity. An understanding of adipose tissue-driven pathophysiology provides an opportunity for diagnostic advancement and patient-specific treatment. As an exemplar, the potential impact of airway-associated adipose tissue is highlighted, and how this may change the management of a patient with asthma who is also obese. © 2023 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 13:4321-4353, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn J Wang
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Peter B Noble
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - John G Elliot
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine, West Australian Sleep Disorders Research Institute, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Alan L James
- Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine, West Australian Sleep Disorders Research Institute, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kimberley C W Wang
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
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14
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Tanioka T, Iwamoto S, Nakano Y. Suppression of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced IL-1β Gene Expression by High-Molecular-Weight Adiponectin in RAW264.7 Macrophages. Biol Pharm Bull 2023; 46:1498-1505. [PMID: 37914352 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Adiponectin is an abundant adipocytokine secreted by adipocytes. It exists in the plasma in its trimeric, hexameric, high-molecular-weight (HMW), and globular (a proteolytic product) isoforms. Adiponectin's anti-inflammatory effects on macrophages remain controversial. We have previously reported a simple and effective method for purifying native HMW adiponectin from human plasma. Here, we investigated whether native HMW adiponectin from human plasma has anti-inflammatory effects on macrophages. Pretreatment with human native HMW adiponectin inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced interleukin-1β (IL-1β) gene expression, but not tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α expression. However, simultaneous treatment with HMW adiponectin and LPS did not inhibit IL-1β expression. Further, HMW adiponectin pretreatment decreases glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) inactivation by abrogating LPS-induced Akt (Ser473) phosphorylation, which subsequently suppresses LPS-induced CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ) protein translation and nuclear translocation. However, HMW adiponectin pretreatment did not affect LPS-induced nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) activation. These results suggest that HMW adiponectin mediates potent anti-inflammatory activities in macrophages by inhibiting its Akt-C/EBPβ signaling pathway, thereby suppressing IL-1β gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Tanioka
- Division of Physiology and Pathology, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Showa University
- Division of Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Showa University
| | - Sanju Iwamoto
- Division of Physiology and Pathology, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Showa University
| | - Yasuko Nakano
- Division of Pharmacogenomics, Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Showa University
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Laboratory of Pharmacotherapeutics, Yokohama University of Pharmacy
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15
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Mantov N, Zrounba M, Brollo M, Grassin-Delyle S, Glorion M, David M, Naline E, Devillier P, Salvator H. Ruxolitinib inhibits cytokine production by human lung macrophages without impairing phagocytic ability. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:896167. [PMID: 36059986 PMCID: PMC9437255 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.896167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The Janus kinase (JAK) 1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib has been approved in an indication of myelofibrosis and is a candidate for the treatment of a number of inflammatory or autoimmune diseases. We assessed the effects of ruxolitinib on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and poly (I:C)-induced cytokine production by human lung macrophages (LMs) and on the LMs’ phagocytic activity.Methods: Human LMs were isolated from patients operated on for lung carcinoma. The LMs were cultured with ruxolitinib (0.5 × 10−7 M to 10–5 M) or budesonide (10–11 to 10–8 M) and then stimulated with LPS (10 ng·ml−1) or poly (I:C) (10 μg·ml−1) for 24 h. Cytokines released by the LMs into the supernatants were measured using ELISAs. The phagocytosis of labelled bioparticles was assessed using flow cytometry.Results: Ruxolitinib inhibited both the LPS- and poly (I:C)-stimulated production of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, chemokines CCL2, and CXCL10 in a concentration-dependent manner. Ruxolitinib also inhibited the poly (I:C)- induced (but not the LPS-induced) production of IL-1ß. Budesonide inhibited cytokine production more strongly than ruxolitinib but failed to mitigate the production of CXCL10. The LMs’ phagocytic activity was not impaired by the highest tested concentration (10–5 M) of ruxolitinib.Conclusion: Clinically relevant concentrations of ruxolitinib inhibited the LPS- and poly (I:C)-stimulated production of cytokines by human LMs but did not impair their phagocytic activity. Overall, ruxolitinib’s anti-inflammatory activities are less intense than (but somewhat different from) those of budesonide—particularly with regard to the production of the corticosteroid-resistant chemokine CXCL-10. Our results indicate that treatment with a JAK inhibitor might be a valuable anti-inflammatory strategy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Th1-high asthma, and both viral and non-viral acute respiratory distress syndromes (including coronavirus disease 2019).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Mantov
- Laboratory of Research in Respiratory Pharmacology—Virologie et Immunologie Moleculaire (VIM) Suresnes, V2I—UMR-0892 Paris Saclay University, Suresnes, France
| | - Mathilde Zrounba
- Laboratory of Research in Respiratory Pharmacology—Virologie et Immunologie Moleculaire (VIM) Suresnes, V2I—UMR-0892 Paris Saclay University, Suresnes, France
- Respiratory Diseases Department, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - Marion Brollo
- Laboratory of Research in Respiratory Pharmacology—Virologie et Immunologie Moleculaire (VIM) Suresnes, V2I—UMR-0892 Paris Saclay University, Suresnes, France
| | - S Grassin-Delyle
- Respiratory Diseases Department, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
- Infection and Inflammation, Health Biotechnology Department, Paris-Saclay University, UVSQ, INSERM, Montigny le Bretonneux, France
| | - Matthieu Glorion
- Laboratory of Research in Respiratory Pharmacology—Virologie et Immunologie Moleculaire (VIM) Suresnes, V2I—UMR-0892 Paris Saclay University, Suresnes, France
- Thoracic Surgery Department, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - Mélanie David
- Laboratory of Research in Respiratory Pharmacology—Virologie et Immunologie Moleculaire (VIM) Suresnes, V2I—UMR-0892 Paris Saclay University, Suresnes, France
| | - Emmanuel Naline
- Laboratory of Research in Respiratory Pharmacology—Virologie et Immunologie Moleculaire (VIM) Suresnes, V2I—UMR-0892 Paris Saclay University, Suresnes, France
| | - Philippe Devillier
- Laboratory of Research in Respiratory Pharmacology—Virologie et Immunologie Moleculaire (VIM) Suresnes, V2I—UMR-0892 Paris Saclay University, Suresnes, France
- Respiratory Diseases Department, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
- Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, UVSQ Paris-Saclay University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Hélène Salvator
- Laboratory of Research in Respiratory Pharmacology—Virologie et Immunologie Moleculaire (VIM) Suresnes, V2I—UMR-0892 Paris Saclay University, Suresnes, France
- Respiratory Diseases Department, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
- Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, UVSQ Paris-Saclay University, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
- *Correspondence: Hélène Salvator,
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Palma G, Sorice GP, Genchi VA, Giordano F, Caccioppoli C, D’Oria R, Marrano N, Biondi G, Giorgino F, Perrini S. Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Pulmonary Dysfunction in Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137349. [PMID: 35806353 PMCID: PMC9267094 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic disease caused by an excess of adipose tissue that may impair health by altering the functionality of various organs, including the lungs. Excessive deposition of fat in the abdominal area can lead to abnormal positioning of the diaphragm and consequent reduction in lung volume, leading to a heightened demand for ventilation and increased exposure to respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and obstructive sleep apnoea. In addition to mechanical ventilatory constraints, excess fat and ectopic deposition in visceral depots can lead to adipose tissue dysfunction, which promotes metabolic disorders. An altered adipokine-secretion profile from dysfunctional adipose tissue in morbid obesity fosters systemic, low-grade inflammation, impairing pulmonary immune response and promoting airway hyperresponsiveness. A potential target of these adipokines could be the NLRP3 inflammasome, a critical component of the innate immune system, the harmful pro-inflammatory effect of which affects both adipose and lung tissue in obesity. In this review, we will investigate the crosstalk between adipose tissue and the lung in obesity, highlighting the main inflammatory mediators and novel therapeutic targets in preventing pulmonary dysfunction.
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17
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Kobayashi H, Uchimura K, Ishii T, Takahashi K, Mori K, Tsuchiya K, Furuya F. Intelectin1 ameliorates macrophage activation via inhibiting the nuclear factor kappa B pathway. Endocr J 2022; 69:539-546. [PMID: 34866068 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej21-0438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Inteletin1 (Itln1) is an adipokine that is abundantly expressed in intestine, ovary, and lung. The expression levels of ITLN1 are decreased in the presence of diabetes or obesity, but the mechanisms of its production and function are still controversial. The aim of this study is to elucidate the mechanisms of ITLN1 synthesis and ITLN1-associated macrophage activation. To analyze the effects of high fat and high-carbohydrate diet (HFHCD) on the expression of ITLN1 in the intestine, the mice were fed a HFHCD for 8 weeks. HFHCD feeding enhanced the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress in the intestine and inhibited the expression of Itln1 in the intestinal endocrine cells and lowered circulating ITLN1 levels. In contrast, treatment with a chemical chaperone and reduction of ER-stress restored the expression of Itln1 in the intestine of HFHCD-fed mice. Furthermore, in vitro studies indicated that ITLN1 physically interacts with adiponectin receptor 1 and suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced mRNA expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines and phagocytosis activities via inhibition of the nuclear factor kappa B-signaling pathway in macrophages. These results suggest that diet-induced ER-stress decreases circulating ITLN1 via inhibition of its synthesis in the intestine, and a reduction of circulating ITLN1 might enhanced the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and macrophage activation, following exacerbate the chronic inflammation of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kohei Uchimura
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Ishii
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Kazuya Takahashi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Kentaro Mori
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, MO, U.S.A
| | - Kyoichiro Tsuchiya
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University of Yamanashi Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Furuya
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
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18
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Cohen KE, Katunaric B, Schulz ME, SenthilKumar G, Young MS, Mace JE, Freed JK. Role of Adiponectin Receptor 1 in Promoting Nitric Oxide-Mediated Flow-Induced Dilation in the Human Microvasculature. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:875900. [PMID: 35444544 PMCID: PMC9014203 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.875900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic administration of exogenous adiponectin restores nitric oxide (NO) as the mediator of flow-induced dilation (FID) in arterioles collected from patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Here we hypothesize that this effect as well as NO signaling during flow during health relies on activation of Adiponectin Receptor 1 (AdipoR1). We further posit that osmotin, a plant-derived protein and AdipoR1 activator, is capable of eliciting similar effects as adiponectin. Human arterioles (80-200 μm) collected from discarded surgical adipose specimens were cannulated, pressurized, and pre-constricted with endothelin-1 (ET-1). Changes in vessel internal diameters were measured during flow using videomicroscopy. Immunofluorescence was utilized to compare expression of AdipoR1 during both health and disease. Administration of exogenous adiponectin failed to restore NO-mediated FID in CAD arterioles treated with siRNA against AdipoR1 (siAdipoR1), compared to vessels treated with negative control siRNA. Osmotin treatment of arterioles from patients with CAD resulted in a partial restoration of NO as the mediator of FID, which was inhibited in arterioles with decreased expression of AdipoR1. Together these data highlight the critical role of AdipoR1 in adiponectin-induced NO signaling during shear. Further, osmotin may serve as a potential therapy to prevent microvascular endothelial dysfunction as well as restore endothelial homeostasis in patients with cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie E. Cohen
- Department of Medicine-Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Boran Katunaric
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Mary E. Schulz
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Gopika SenthilKumar
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Micaela S. Young
- Department of Medicine-Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - James E. Mace
- Department of Surgery-Division of Adult Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Julie K. Freed
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
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19
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Zouboulis VA, Zouboulis KC, Zouboulis CC. Hidradenitis Suppurativa and Comorbid Disorder Biomarkers, Druggable Genes, New Drugs and Drug Repurposing-A Molecular Meta-Analysis. Pharmaceutics 2021; 14:pharmaceutics14010044. [PMID: 35056940 PMCID: PMC8779519 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation and dysregulated epithelial differentiation, especially of hair follicle keratinocytes, have been suggested as the major pathogenetic pathways of hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa (HS). On the other hand, obesity and metabolic syndrome have additionally been considered as an important risk factor. With adalimumab, a drug has already been approved and numerous other compounds are in advanced-stage clinical studies. A systematic review was conducted to detect and corroborate HS pathogenetic mechanisms at the molecular level and identify HS molecular markers. The obtained data were used to confirm studied and off-label administered drugs and to identify additional compounds for drug repurposing. A robust, strongly associated group of HS biomarkers was detected. The triad of HS pathogenesis, namely upregulated inflammation, altered epithelial differentiation and dysregulated metabolism/hormone signaling was confirmed, the molecular association of HS with certain comorbid disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease, arthritis, type I diabetes mellitus and lipids/atherosclerosis/adipogenesis was verified and common biomarkers were identified. The molecular suitability of compounds in clinical studies was confirmed and 31 potential HS repurposing drugs, among them 10 drugs already launched for other disorders, were detected. This systematic review provides evidence for the importance of molecular studies to advance the knowledge regarding pathogenesis, future treatment and biomarker-supported clinical course follow-up in HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor A. Zouboulis
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitaetsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20251 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Konstantin C. Zouboulis
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Christos C. Zouboulis
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology, Dessau Medical Center, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, 06847 Dessau, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-340-5014000
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