1
|
Ajalloueian F, Eklund Thamdrup LH, Mazzoni C, Petersen RS, Keller SS, Boisen A. High-yield fabrication of monodisperse multilayer nanofibrous microparticles for advanced oral drug delivery applications. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30844. [PMID: 38799753 PMCID: PMC11126835 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the use of nano- and microparticles in drug delivery, cell therapy, and tissue engineering have led to increasing attention towards nanostructured microparticulate formulations for maximum benefit from both nano- and micron sized features. Scalable manufacturing of monodisperse nanostructured microparticles with tunable size, shape, content, and release rate remains a big challenge. Current technology, mainly comprises complex multi-step chemical procedures with limited control over these aspects. Here, we demonstrate a novel technique for high-yield fabrication of monodisperse monolayer and multilayer nanofibrous microparticles (MoNami and MuNaMi respectively). The fabrication procedure includes sequential electrospinning followed by micro-cutting at room temperature and transfer of particles for collection. The big advantage of the introduced technique is the potential to apply several polymer-drug combinations forming multilayer microparticles enjoying extracellular matrix (ECM)-mimicking architecture with tunable release profile. We demonstrate the fabrication and study the factors affecting the final three-dimensional structure. A model drug is encapsulated into a three-layer sheet (PLGA-pullulan-PLGA), and we demonstrate how the release profile changes from burst to sustain by simply cutting particles out of the electrospun sheet. We believe our fabrication method offers a unique and facile platform for realizing advanced microparticles for oral drug delivery applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ajalloueian
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- The Danish National Research Foundation and Villum Foundation's Center for Intelligent Drug Delivery and Sensing Using Microcontainers and Nanomechanics (IDUN), Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsted Plads, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Lasse Højlund Eklund Thamdrup
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- The Danish National Research Foundation and Villum Foundation's Center for Intelligent Drug Delivery and Sensing Using Microcontainers and Nanomechanics (IDUN), Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsted Plads, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Chiara Mazzoni
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- The Danish National Research Foundation and Villum Foundation's Center for Intelligent Drug Delivery and Sensing Using Microcontainers and Nanomechanics (IDUN), Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsted Plads, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ritika Singh Petersen
- National Centre for Nano Fabrication and Characterization, DTU Nanolab, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Stephan Sylvest Keller
- National Centre for Nano Fabrication and Characterization, DTU Nanolab, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anja Boisen
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- The Danish National Research Foundation and Villum Foundation's Center for Intelligent Drug Delivery and Sensing Using Microcontainers and Nanomechanics (IDUN), Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsted Plads, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
AL-Fawares O, Alshweiat A, Al-Khresieh RO, Alzarieni KZ, Rashaid AHB. A significant antibiofilm and antimicrobial activity of chitosan-polyacrylic acid nanoparticles against pathogenic bacteria. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:101918. [PMID: 38178849 PMCID: PMC10764259 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Chitosan is known to exert antimicrobial activity without the need for any chemical modification; however, new derivatives of chitosan can be created to target multi-drug resistant bacteria. In this study, chitosan (CS) was cross-linked with sodium tripolyphosphate to form nanoparticles, which were then coated with polyacrylic acid (PAA). The SEM images revealed that the CS-PAA nanoparticles had spherical shapes with smooth surfaces and the size of the dried nanoparticles was approximately 222 nm. Biofilm formation was significantly inhibited by 0.5 mg/mL of CS-PAA. In-situ optical microscopy showed that CS-PAA nanoparticles inhibited the bacterial biofilm formation in Campylobacter jejuni, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli after a single treatment with 40 μg. Additionally, 20 µg of CS-PAA nanoparticles demonstrated antibacterial activity against the growth of C. jejuni, P. aeruginosa, and E. coli with notable inhibitory zones of 9, 12, and 13 mm, respectively (P < 0.01). The development of a novel and ecofriendly method for the preparation of chitosan nanoparticles through an interaction of chitosan with PAA shows promise tool to combat bacterial infections and validates effective antibacterial and antibiofilm properties against antibiotic resistant pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O'la AL-Fawares
- Department of Medical Laboratory Analysis, Faculty of Science, Al-Balqa Applied University, 19117 Al-salt, Jordan
| | - Areen Alshweiat
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Hashemite University, 13133 Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Rozan O. Al-Khresieh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Analysis, Faculty of Science, Al-Balqa Applied University, 19117 Al-salt, Jordan
| | - Kawthar Z. Alzarieni
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, 22110 Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ayat Hussein B. Rashaid
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Jordan University of Science and Technology, 22110 Irbid, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gadhave DG, Sugandhi VV, Kokare CR. Potential biomaterials and experimental animal models for inventing new drug delivery approaches in the neurodegenerative disorder: Multiple sclerosis. Brain Res 2024; 1822:148674. [PMID: 37952871 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
The tight junction of endothelial cells in the central nervous system (CNS) has an ideal characteristic, acting as a biological barrier that can securely regulate the movement of molecules in the brain. Tightly closed astrocyte cell junctions on blood capillaries are the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This biological barrier prohibits the entry of polar drugs, cells, and ions, which protect the brain from harmful toxins. However, delivering any therapeutic agent to the brain in neurodegenerative disorders (i.e., schizophrenia, multiple sclerosis, etc.) is extremely difficult. Active immune responses such as microglia, astrocytes, and lymphocytes cross the BBB and attack the nerve cells, which causes the demyelination of neurons. Therefore, there is a hindrance in transmitting electrical signals properly, resulting in blindness, paralysis, and neuropsychiatric problems. The main objective of this article is to shed light on the performance of biomaterials, which will help researchers to create nanocarriers that can cross the blood-brain barrier and achieve a therapeutic concentration of drugs in the CNS of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The present review focuses on the importance of biomaterials with diagnostic and therapeutic efficacy that can help enhance multiple sclerosis therapeutic potential. Currently, the development of MS in animal models is limited by immune responses, which prevent MS induction in healthy animals. Therefore, this article also showcases animal models currently used for treating MS. A future advance in developing a novel effective strategy for treating MS is now a potential area of research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dnyandev G Gadhave
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sinhgad Technical Education Society's, Sinhgad Institute of Pharmacy (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Narhe, Pune 411041, Maharashtra, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA; Department of Pharmaceutics, Dattakala Shikshan Sanstha's, Dattakala College of Pharmacy (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Swami Chincholi, Daund, Pune 413130, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Vrashabh V Sugandhi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Chandrakant R Kokare
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sinhgad Technical Education Society's, Sinhgad Institute of Pharmacy (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Narhe, Pune 411041, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yan J, Huang L, Feng J, Yang X. The Recent Applications of PLGA-Based Nanostructures for Ischemic Stroke. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2322. [PMID: 37765291 PMCID: PMC10535132 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
With the accelerated development of nanotechnology in recent years, nanomaterials have become increasingly prevalent in the medical field. The poly (lactic acid-glycolic acid) copolymer (PLGA) is one of the most commonly used biodegradable polymers. It is biocompatible and can be fabricated into various nanostructures, depending on requirements. Ischemic stroke is a common, disabling, and fatal illness that burdens society. There is a need for further improvement in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. PLGA-based nanostructures can facilitate therapeutic compounds' passage through the physicochemical barrier. They further provide both sustained and controlled release of therapeutic compounds when loaded with drugs for the treatment of ischemic stroke. The clinical significance and potential of PLGA-based nanostructures can also be seen in their applications in cell transplantation and imaging diagnostics of ischemic stroke. This paper summarizes the synthesis and properties of PLGA and reviews in detail the recent applications of PLGA-based nanostructures for drug delivery, disease therapy, cell transplantation, and the imaging diagnosis of ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yan
- Department of Neurology, Fushun Central Hospital, Fushun 113000, China;
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Cardiac Function, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Juan Feng
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Carvalho SG, Dos Santos AM, Polli Silvestre AL, Tavares AG, Chorilli M, Daflon Gremião MP. Multifunctional systems based on nano-in-microparticles as strategies for drug delivery: advances, challenges, and future perspectives. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:1231-1249. [PMID: 37786284 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2263360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Innovative delivery systems are a promising and attractive approach for drug targeting in pharmaceutical technology. Among the various drug delivery systems studied, the association of strategies based on nanoparticles and microparticles, called nano-in-microparticles, has been gaining prominence as it allows targeting in a specific and personalized way, considering the physiological barriers faced in each disease. AREAS COVERED This review proposes to discuss nano-in-micro systems, updated progress on the main biomaterials used in the preparation of these systems, preparation techniques, physiological considerations, applications and challenges, and possible strategies for drug administration. Finally, we bring future perspectives for advances in clinical and field translation of multifunctional systems based on nano-in-microparticles. EXPERT OPINION This article brings a new approach to exploring the use of multifunctional systems based on nano-in-microparticles for different applications, in addition, it also emphasizes the use of biomaterials in these systems and their limitations. There is currently no study in the literature that explores this approach, making a review article necessary to address this association of strategies for application in pharmaceutical technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suzana Gonçalves Carvalho
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences - São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Aline Martins Dos Santos
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences - São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Amanda Letícia Polli Silvestre
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences - São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Alberto Gomes Tavares
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences - São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences - São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Maria Palmira Daflon Gremião
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences - São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
PLGA-Based Micro/Nanoparticles: An Overview of Their Applications in Respiratory Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054333. [PMID: 36901762 PMCID: PMC10002081 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), are critical areas of medical research, as millions of people are affected worldwide. In fact, more than 9 million deaths worldwide were associated with respiratory diseases in 2016, equivalent to 15% of global deaths, and the prevalence is increasing every year as the population ages. Due to inadequate treatment options, the treatments for many respiratory diseases are limited to relieving symptoms rather than curing the disease. Therefore, new therapeutic strategies for respiratory diseases are urgently needed. Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) micro/nanoparticles (PLGA M/NPs) have good biocompatibility, biodegradability and unique physical and chemical properties, making them one of the most popular and effective drug delivery polymers. In this review, we summarized the synthesis and modification methods of PLGA M/NPs and their applications in the treatment of respiratory diseases (asthma, COPD, cystic fibrosis (CF), etc.) and also discussed the research progress and current research status of PLGA M/NPs in respiratory diseases. It was concluded that PLGA M/NPs are the promising drug delivery vehicles for the treatment of respiratory diseases due to their advantages of low toxicity, high bioavailability, high drug loading capacity, plasticity and modifiability. And at the end, we presented an outlook on future research directions, aiming to provide some new ideas for future research directions and hopefully to promote their widespread application in clinical treatment.
Collapse
|
7
|
Teng Z, Meng LY, Yang JK, He Z, Chen XG, Liu Y. Bridging nanoplatform and vaccine delivery, a landscape of strategy to enhance nasal immunity. J Control Release 2022; 351:456-475. [PMID: 36174803 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination is an urgently needed and effective option to address epidemic, cancers, allergies, and other diseases. Nasal administration of vaccines offers many benefits over needle-based injection including high compliance and less risk of infection. Inactivated or attenuated vaccines as convention vaccine present potential risks of pathogenic virulence reversal, the focus of nasal vaccine development has shifted to the use of next-generation (subunit and nucleic acid) vaccines. However, subunit and nucleic acid vaccine intranasally have numerous challenges in development and utilization due to mucociliary clearance, mucosal epithelial tight junction, and enzyme/pH degradation. Nanoplatforms as ideal delivery systems, with the ability to enhance the retention, penetration, and uptake of nasal mucosa, shows great potential in improving immunogenic efficacy of nasal vaccine. This review provides an overview of delivery strategies for overcoming nasal barrier, including mucosal adhesion, mucus penetration, targeting of antigen presenting cells (APCs), enhancement of paracellular transportation. We discuss methods of enhancing antigen immunogenicity by nanoplatforms as immune-modulators or multi-antigen co-delivery. Meanwhile, we describe the application status and development prospect of nanoplatforms for nasal vaccine administration. Development of nanoplatforms for vaccine delivery via nasal route will facilitate large-scale and faster global vaccination, helping to address the threat of epidemics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Teng
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Ling-Yang Meng
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Jian-Ke Yang
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Zheng He
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Xi-Guang Chen
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China; Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, PR China
| | - Ya Liu
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Microfluidic-Based Formulation of Essential Oils-Loaded Chitosan Coated PLGA Particles Enhances Their Bioavailability and Nematocidal Activity. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14102030. [PMID: 36297465 PMCID: PMC9608619 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, poly (lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) particles were synthesized and coated with chitosan. Three essential oil (EO) components (eugenol, linalool, and geraniol) were entrapped inside these PLGA particles by using the continuous flow-focusing microfluidic method and a partially water-miscible solvent mixture (dichloromethane: acetone mixture (1:10)). Encapsulation of EO components in PLGA particles was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray diffraction, with encapsulation efficiencies 95.14%, 79.68%, and 71.34% and loading capacities 8.88%, 8.38%, and 5.65% in particles entrapped with eugenol, linalool, and geraniol, respectively. The EO components’ dissociation from the loaded particles exhibited an initial burst release in the first 8 h followed by a sustained release phase at significantly slower rates from the coated particles, extending beyond 5 days. The EO components encapsulated in chitosan coated particles up to 5 μg/mL were not cytotoxic to bovine gut cell line (FFKD-1-R) and had no adverse effect on cell growth and membrane integrity compared with free EO components or uncoated particles. Chitosan coated PLGA particles loaded with combined EO components (10 µg/mL) significantly inhibited the motility of the larval stage of Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus axei by 76.9%, and completely inhibited the motility of adult worms (p < 0.05). This nematocidal effect was accompanied by considerable cuticular damage in the treated worms, reflecting a synergistic effect of the combined EO components and an additive effect of chitosan. These results show that encapsulation of EO components, with a potent anthelmintic activity, in chitosan coated PLGA particles improve the bioavailability and efficacy of EO components against ovine gastrointestinal nematodes.
Collapse
|
9
|
Spindler LM, Serpetsi S, Flamm J, Feuerhake A, Böhler L, Pravda M, Borchers K, Tovar GE, Schindowski K, Gruber-Traub C. Hyaluronate spreading validates mucin-agarose analogs as test systems to replace porcine nasal mucosa explants: An experimental and theoretical investigation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
10
|
Micro- and Nanosized Carriers for Nose-to-Brain Drug Delivery in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071706. [PMID: 35885011 PMCID: PMC9313014 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) have become a serious health problem worldwide due to the rapid increase in the number of people that are affected and the constantly aging population. Among all NDs, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease are the most common, and many efforts have been made in the development of effective and reliable therapeutic strategies. The intranasal route of drug administration offers numerous advantages, such as bypassing the blood–brain barrier and providing a direct entrance to the brain through the olfactory and trigeminal neurons. The present review summarizes the available information on recent advances in micro- and nanoscale nose-to-brain drug-delivery systems as a novel strategy for the treatment of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. Specifically, polymer- and lipid-base micro- and nanoparticles have been studied as a feasible approach to increase the brain bioavailability of certain drugs. Furthermore, nanocomposites are discussed as a suitable formulation for administration into the nasal cavity.
Collapse
|
11
|
Biodegradable Microparticles for Regenerative Medicine: A State of the Art and Trends to Clinical Application. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14071314. [PMID: 35406187 PMCID: PMC9003224 DOI: 10.3390/polym14071314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering and cell therapy are very attractive in terms of potential applications but remain quite challenging regarding the clinical aspects. Amongst the different strategies proposed to facilitate their implementation in clinical practices, biodegradable microparticles have shown promising outcomes with several advantages and potentialities. This critical review aims to establish a survey of the most relevant materials and processing techniques to prepare these micro vehicles. Special attention will be paid to their main potential applications, considering the regulatory constraints and the relative easiness to implement their production at an industrial level to better evaluate their application in clinical practices.
Collapse
|
12
|
Long-Lasting Exendin-4-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles Ameliorate Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Damage in Diabetic Rats. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12030390. [PMID: 35330390 PMCID: PMC8951777 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12030390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Exendin-4 (Ex-4) is an incretin mimetic agent approved for diabetes treatment and neuronal protection. However, the required frequent injections restrict its clinical application. We prepared Ex-4-loaded poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles (PEx-4) and investigated their effect on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury associated with micturition center damage-induced cystopathy in diabetic rats. Using ten minutes of bilateral carotid artery occlusion combined with hemorrhage-induced hypotension of the IR model in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic (T1DM) Wistar rats, we compared the effects of Ex-4 and PEx-4 on prefrontal cortex edema, voiding function and oxidative stress including cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) reference H2O2 (RH2O2) and HOCl (RHOCl) levels, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, apoptosis, autophagy and pyroptosis signaling in brain and bladder by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Single injection of PEx-4 displayed higher CSF antioxidant activity and a long-lasting hypoglycemic effect compared to Ex-4 in rats. T1DM and IR primarily enhanced CSF RH2O2, and pIRE-1/caspase-12/pJNK/CHOP-mediated ER stress, caspase-3/PARP-mediated apoptosis, Beclin-1/LC3B-mediated autophagy and caspase-1/IL-1β-mediated pyroptosis signaling in the damaged brains. Our data further evidenced that PEx-4 were more efficient than Ex-4 in attenuating IR-evoked prefrontal cortex edema, the impairment in micturition center and the enhanced level of CSF RH2O2 and HOCl, ER stress, apoptosis, autophagy and pyroptosis parameters in the damaged brains, but had less of an effect on IR-induced voiding dysfunction in bladders of T1DM rats. In summary, PEx-4 with stronger antioxidant activity and long-lasting bioavailability may efficiently confer therapeutic efficacy to ameliorate IR-evoked brain damage through the inhibitory action on oxidative stress, ER stress, apoptosis, autophagy and pyroptosis signaling in diabetic rats.
Collapse
|
13
|
Garg Y, Kapoor DN, Sharma AK, Bhatia A. Drug Delivery Systems and Strategies to Overcome the Barriers of Brain. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 28:619-641. [PMID: 34951356 DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666211222163025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The transport of drugs to the central nervous system is the most challenging task for conventional drug delivery systems. Reduced permeability of drugs through the blood-brain barrier is a major hurdle in delivering drugs to the brain. Hence, various strategies for improving drug delivery through the blood-brain barrier are currently being explored. Novel drug delivery systems (NDDS) offer several advantages, including high chemical and biological stability, suitability for both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs, and can be administered through different routes. Furthermore, the conjugation of suitable ligands with these carriers tend to potentiate targeting to the endothelium of the brain and could facilitate the internalization of drugs through endocytosis. Further, the intranasal route has also shown potential, as a promising alternate route, for the delivery of drugs to the brain. This can deliver the drugs directly to the brain through the olfactory pathway. In recent years, several advancements have been made to target and overcome the barriers of the brain. This article deals with a detailed overview of the diverse strategies and delivery systems to overcome the barriers of the brain for effective delivery of drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Garg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, Punjab, Pin. 151001. India
| | - Deepak N Kapoor
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, Pin. 173229. India
| | - Abhishek Kumar Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, Pin. 173229. India
| | - Amit Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, Punjab, Pin. 151001. India
| |
Collapse
|