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Li H, Li J, Li J, Li H, Wang X, Jiang J, Lei L, Sun H, Tang M, Dong B, He W, Si S, Hong B, Li Y, Song D, Peng Z, Che Y, Jiang JD. Carrimycin inhibits coronavirus replication by decreasing the efficiency of programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting through directly binding to the RNA pseudoknot of viral frameshift-stimulatory element. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:2567-2580. [PMID: 38828157 PMCID: PMC11143517 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2024.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 worldwide with successive emerging variants urgently calls for small-molecule oral drugs with broad-spectrum antiviral activity. Here, we show that carrimycin, a new macrolide antibiotic in the clinic and an antiviral candidate for SARS-CoV-2 in phase III trials, decreases the efficiency of programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting of coronaviruses and thus impedes viral replication in a broad-spectrum fashion. Carrimycin binds directly to the coronaviral frameshift-stimulatory element (FSE) RNA pseudoknot, interrupting the viral protein translation switch from ORF1a to ORF1b and thereby reducing the level of the core components of the viral replication and transcription complexes. Combined carrimycin with known viral replicase inhibitors yielded a synergistic inhibitory effect on coronaviruses. Because the FSE mechanism is essential in all coronaviruses, carrimycin could be a new broad-spectrum antiviral drug for human coronaviruses by directly targeting the conserved coronaviral FSE RNA. This finding may open a new direction in antiviral drug discovery for coronavirus variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Li
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drug Research, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jianrui Li
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drug Research, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jiayu Li
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drug Research, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hu Li
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drug Research, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, the National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xuekai Wang
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drug Research, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drug Research, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lei Lei
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drug Research, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Han Sun
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drug Research, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Mei Tang
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drug Research, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Biao Dong
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drug Research, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, the National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Weiqing He
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, the National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shuyi Si
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, the National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Bin Hong
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, the National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yinghong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Danqing Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zonggen Peng
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drug Research, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, the National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yongsheng Che
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, the National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jian-Dong Jiang
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drug Research, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, the National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC), Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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Lai J, Liang J, Chen K, Guan B, Chen Z, Chen L, Fan J, Zhang Y, Li Q, Su J, Chen Q, Lin J. Carrimycin ameliorates lipopolysaccharide and cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis in mice. Chin J Nat Med 2024; 22:235-248. [PMID: 38553191 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(24)60600-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Carrimycin (CA), sanctioned by China's National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) in 2019 for treating acute bronchitis and sinusitis, has recently been observed to exhibit multifaceted biological activities, encompassing anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and anti-tumor properties. Despite these applications, its efficacy in sepsis treatment remains unexplored. This study introduces a novel function of CA, demonstrating its capacity to mitigate sepsis induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in mice models. Our research employed in vitro assays, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and RNA-seq analysis to establish that CA significantly reduces the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, namely tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and interleukin 6 (IL-6), in response to LPS stimulation. Additionally, Western blotting and immunofluorescence assays revealed that CA impedes Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-κB) activation in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Complementing these findings, in vivo experiments demonstrated that CA effectively alleviates LPS- and CLP-triggered organ inflammation in C57BL/6 mice. Further insights were gained through 16S sequencing, highlighting CA's pivotal role in enhancing gut microbiota diversity and modulating metabolic pathways, particularly by augmenting the production of short-chain fatty acids in mice subjected to CLP. Notably, a comparative analysis revealed that CA's anti-inflammatory efficacy surpasses that of equivalent doses of aspirin (ASP) and TIENAM. Collectively, these findings suggest that CA exhibits significant therapeutic potential in sepsis treatment. This discovery provides a foundational theoretical basis for the clinical application of CA in sepsis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzhong Lai
- The Cancer Center, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Jiadi Liang
- The Cancer Center, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Kunsen Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Biyun Guan
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Zhirong Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Linqin Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Jiqiang Fan
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Qiumei Li
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Jingqian Su
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
| | - Jizhen Lin
- The Cancer Center, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China; The Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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Nan C, Zhang X, Huang W, Zhu B, Zhao J, Lu S, Xian L, Liu K, Ma G, Yang W, Huang M, Zhou D, Zhang M, Duan Y, Wu G, Jiang Z, Zhang L, He X, Chen Y, Xing X, Wang C, Wang D, Yu K. Effects of carrimycin on biomarkers of inflammation and immune function in tumor patients with sepsis: A multicenter double-blind randomized controlled trial. Pharmacol Res 2023; 198:106991. [PMID: 37984505 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Carrimycin is a potential immune-regulating agent for sepsis in patients with tumors. In this study, we investigated its effects on inflammation and immune function in tumor patients with sepsis. In total, 120 participants were randomized to receive either carrimycin treatment (400 mg/day) (n = 62) or placebo (n = 58) for 7 days. The primary outcomes were immune-related indicators. Subsequently, patients were stratified into two subgroups (CD4 < 38.25% and CD8 < 25.195%). Ninety-nine participants were analyzed: 47 and 52 in the carrimycin and placebo groups, respectively. HLA-DR levels were rapidly increased in the carrimycin group; however, the placebo group initially experienced a decline in HLA-DR level at 1 day after administration. In the subgroup with CD4 < 38.25%, the carrimycin group exhibited significantly higher HLA-DR levels than the placebo group (2.270, P = 0.023) 1 day after administration and the degree of increase in HLA-DR in the carrimycin group was higher than that in the placebo group (2.057, P = 0.040). In the CD8 < 25.195% subgroup, the carrimycin group demonstrated significantly higher levels of CD8+ T cells than the placebo group at 3 (2.300,P = 0.027) and 5 (2.106, P = 0.035) days after administration. Carrimycin intervention led to significant reductions in the SOFA, APACHE II, PCT, and CRP levels. No adverse events were observed. In tumor patients with sepsis, particularly in those experiencing immunological suppression, carrimycin effectively regulates immune responses by increasing HLA-DR and CD8+ T cell levels and plays an anti-infective role, reducing disease severity. (Chictr.org.cn, ID Number: ChiCTR2000032339).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanchuan Nan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150001, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Xiaowu Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Biao Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Cancer Center of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jianghong Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Song Lu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lewu Xian
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Kaizhong Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Gang Ma
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Mingguang Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Dongmin Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Yan Duan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Guixin Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Zhengying Jiang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xinrong He
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Yuhong Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Xuezhong Xing
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Changsong Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Donghao Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China.
| | - Kaijiang Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China.
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Dardashti RN, Laps S, Gichtin JS, Metanis N. The semisynthesis of nucleolar human selenoprotein H. Chem Sci 2023; 14:12723-12729. [PMID: 38020378 PMCID: PMC10646972 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03059h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The human selenoprotein H is the only selenocysteine-containing protein that is located in the cell's nucleolus. In vivo studies have suggested that it plays some role in DNA binding, consumption of reactive oxygen species, and may serve as a safeguard against cancers. However, the protein has never been isolated and, as a result, not yet fully characterized. Here, we used a semi-synthetic approach to obtain the full selenoprotein H with a S43T mutation. Using biolayer interferometry, we also show that the Cys-containing mutant of selenoprotein H is capable of binding DNA with sub-micromolar affinity. Employing state-of-the-art expressed protein ligation (EPL), our devised semi-synthetic approach can be utilized for the production of numerous, hard-to-obtain proteins of biological and therapeutic relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Notis Dardashti
- The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Edmond J. Safra Campus Givat Ram Jerusalem 9190401 Israel
| | - Shay Laps
- The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Edmond J. Safra Campus Givat Ram Jerusalem 9190401 Israel
| | - Jacob S Gichtin
- The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Edmond J. Safra Campus Givat Ram Jerusalem 9190401 Israel
| | - Norman Metanis
- The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Edmond J. Safra Campus Givat Ram Jerusalem 9190401 Israel
- Casali Center for Applied Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Edmond J. Safra Campus Givat Ram Jerusalem 9190401 Israel
- The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus Givat Ram Jerusalem 9190401 Israel
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Yu LC, Dang DD, Zhuang S, Chen S, Zhuang Z, Rosenblum JS. Carrimycin, a first in-class anti-cancer agent, targets selenoprotein H to induce nucleolar oxidative stress and inhibit ribosome biogenesis. CANCER PATHOGENESIS AND THERAPY 2023; 1:111-115. [PMID: 37750087 PMCID: PMC10518895 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpt.2022.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Carrimycin is a synthetic macrolide antibiotic that has been shown to have anti-cancer activity; however, its exact mechanism of action and molecular target were previously unknown. It was recently elucidated that Isovalerylspiramycin I (ISP I), the active component of carrimycin, targets selenoprotein H (SelH), a nucleolar reactive oxygen species-scavenging enzyme in the selenoprotein family. ISP I treatment accelerates SelH degradation, resulting in oxidative stress, disrupted ribosomal biogenesis, and apoptosis in tumor cells. Specifically, ISP I disrupts the association between RNA polymerase I and ribosomal DNA in the nucleolus. This inhibits ribosomal RNA transcription and subsequent ribosomal assembly, which prevents cancer cells from sustaining elevated rates of protein synthesis and cellular proliferation that are necessary for tumor growth and malignancy. In this review, we (1) describe the historical categorization and evolution of anti-cancer agents, including macrolide antibiotics, (2) outline the discovery of SelH as a target of ISP I, and (3) summarize the ways in which carrimycin has been used both clinically and at the bench to date and propose additional potential therapeutic uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- LaYow C. Yu
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, United States
| | - Danielle D. Dang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, United States
| | - Sophie Zhuang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, United States
| | - Shuran Chen
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, United States
| | - Zhengping Zhuang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, United States
| | - Jared S. Rosenblum
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, United States
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Cui J, Zhou J, He W, Ye J, Westlake T, Medina R, Wang H, Thakur BL, Liu J, Xia M, He Z, Indig FE, Li A, Li Y, Weil RJ, Aladjem MI, Zhong L, Gilbert MR, Zhuang Z. Targeting selenoprotein H in the nucleolus suppresses tumors and metastases by Isovalerylspiramycin I. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:126. [PMID: 35387667 PMCID: PMC8985259 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02350-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Compared to normal cells, cancer cells exhibit a higher level of oxidative stress, which primes key cellular and metabolic pathways and thereby increases their resilience under oxidative stress. This higher level of oxidative stress also can be exploited to kill tumor cells while leaving normal cells intact. In this study we have found that isovalerylspiramycin I (ISP I), a novel macrolide antibiotic, suppresses cancer cell growth and tumor metastases by targeting the nucleolar protein selenoprotein H (SELH), which plays critical roles in keeping redox homeostasis and genome stability in cancer cells. Methods We developed ISP I through genetic recombination and tested the antitumor effects using primary and metastatic cancer models. The drug target was identified using the drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) and mass spectrum assays. The effects of ISP I were assessed for reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, DNA damage, R-loop formation and its impact on the JNK2/TIF-IA/RNA polymerase I (POLI) transcription pathway. Results ISP I suppresses cancer cell growth and tumor metastases by targeting SELH. Suppression of SELH induces accumulation of ROS and cancer cell-specific genomic instability. The accumulation of ROS in the nucleolus triggers nucleolar stress and blocks ribosomal RNA transcription via the JNK2/TIF-IA/POLI pathway, causing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells. Conclusions We demonstrated that ISP I links cancer cell vulnerability to oxidative stress and RNA biogenesis by targeting SELH. This suggests a potential new cancer treatment paradigm, in which the primary therapeutic agent has minimal side-effects and hence may be useful for long-term cancer chemoprevention. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-022-02350-0.
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The Chemical and Pharmacological Research Progress on a Kind of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Fructus Malvae. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175678. [PMID: 36080446 PMCID: PMC9458057 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, traditional Chinese medicine has played an important role in the treatment process. Furthermore, the discovery of artemisinin in Artemisia annua has reduced the incidence of malaria all over the world. Therefore, it is becoming urgent and important to establish a novel method of conducting systematic research on Chinese herbal medicine, improving the medicinal utilization value of traditional Chinese medicine and bringing great benefits to human health all over the world. Fructus Malvae, a kind of Chinese herbal medicine which has been recorded in the “Chinese Pharmacopoeia” (2020 edition), refers to the dry, ripe fruits of Malva verticillata L. Recently, some studies have shown that Fructus Malvae exhibits some special pharmacological activities; for example, it has diuretic, anti-diabetes, antioxidant and anti-tumor properties, and it alleviates hair loss. Furthermore, according to the reports, the active ingredients separated and identified from Fructus Malvae contain some very novel compounds such as nortangeretin-8-O-β-d-glucuronopyranoside and 1-O-(6-deoxy-6-sulfo)-glucopyranosyl-2-O-linolenoyl-3-O-palmitoyl glyceride, which could be screened as important candidate compounds for diabetes- or tumor-treatment drugs, respectively. Therefore, in this research, we take Fructus Malvae as an example and systematically summarize the chemical constituents and pharmacological activity research progress of it. This review will be helpful in promoting the development and application of Fructus Malvae and will also provide an example for other investigations of traditional Chinese medicine.
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Yu J, Han L, Yang F, Zhao M, Zhou H, Hu L. SOCS5 contributes to temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma by regulating Bcl-2-mediated autophagy. Bioengineered 2022; 13:14125-14137. [PMID: 35730472 PMCID: PMC9342142 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2081463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Temozolomide (TMZ) is the primary chemotherapeutic drug for treating glioblastoma (GBM); however, the final clinical outcome is considerably limited by the poor response and resistance to TMZ. Although autophagy is thought to be associated with chemotherapy resistance and cancer cell survival, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying this process remain elusive. The suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) family is widely distributed in vivo and exerts a range of effects on tumors; however, the expression pattern and role of SOCS in GBM remains unknown. In this study, we determined that high SOCS5 expression level was associated with poor prognosis and TMZ resistance in GBM. TMZ induced an increase in SOCS5 expression level and upregulated autophagy during the acquisition of drug resistance. The observed increase in the extent of autophagy was mediated by SOCS5. Mechanistically, SOCS5 enhances the transcription of Bcl-2. Knockdown of SOCS5 inhibited TMZ chemoresistance in GBM cells through the inhibition of Bcl-2 recruited autophagy; upregulation of Bcl-2 blocked this effect. In summary, our findings revealed the involvement and underlying mechanism of SOCS5 in TMZ resistance. SOCS5 plays a critical role in GBM chemoresistance and may serve as a novel prognostic marker and therapeutic target for chemotherapeutically treating drug-resistant GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lin Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Feng Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mingliang Zhao
- Chinese People’s Armed Police Force Characteristic Medical Center, Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Linwang Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China,CONTACT Linwang Hu Department of Neurosurgery, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province410016, China
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