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Guo J, Huang M, Hou S, Yuan J, Chang X, Gao S, Zhang Z, Wu Z, Li J. Therapeutic Potential of Terpenoids in Cancer Treatment: Targeting Mitochondrial Pathways. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e70006. [PMID: 39234662 PMCID: PMC11375335 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.70006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent decades, natural compounds have been considered a significant source of new antitumor medicines due to their unique advantages. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have focused on the effect of terpenoids on apoptosis mediated by mitochondria in malignant cells. RECENT FINDINGS In this review article, we focused on six extensively studied terpenoids, including sesquiterpenes (dihydroartemisinin and parthenolide), diterpenes (oridonin and triptolide), and triterpenes (betulinic acid and oleanolic acid), and their efficacy in targeting mitochondria to induce cell death. Terpenoid-induced mitochondria-related cell death includes apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, autophagy, and necrosis caused by mitochondrial permeability transition. Apoptosis and autophagy interact in meaningful ways. In addition, in view of several disadvantages of terpenoids, such as low stability and bioavailability, advances in research on combination chemotherapy and chemical modification were surveyed. CONCLUSION This article deepens our understanding of the association between terpenoids and mitochondrial cell death, presenting a hypothetical basis for the use of terpenoids in anticancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Guo
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ming Huang
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shuang Hou
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jianfeng Yuan
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaoyue Chang
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shuang Gao
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhenhan Zhang
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhongbing Wu
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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刘 天, 周 学, 黄 传, 周 玲, 谌 曦, 万 磊, 纵 瑞, 范 海, 孙 玥, 俞 志, 汤 忠, 徐 耿, 周 子. [Mechanism of Qingluo Tongbi Formula for regulating immune-bone erosion in rheumatoid arthritis]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2023; 43:1706-1714. [PMID: 37933646 PMCID: PMC10630194 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.10.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism of Qingluo Tongbi formula for regulating "immune-bone erosion" in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS Sixty-four RA patients were randomized into two groups to receive treatment with oral methotrexate or Qingluo Tongbi Formula for 12 weeks. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the changes in the percentages of CD3-CD19+, CD19+CD27 and CD19+BAFFR+B cell subpopulations in peripheral blood of the patients, and serum levels of B cell activating factor (BAFF), RANKL, RANK and osteoprotegerin (OPG) levels were detected using ELISA. Before and after the treatment, serum levels of β-CTX, TRACP-5b, BGP, BALP, and PINP were measured with ELISA, and bone mineral density was determined with DXEA dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. In the cell experiment, RAW264.7 cells were induced to differentiated into osteoclasts and treated with Qingluo Tongbi Formula at low-, moderate and high doses (125, 250 and 500 μg/mL, respectively) or with methotrexate (2 μg/mL) for 48 h, and the changes in the expression levels of RANKL, RANK, OPG and c-Fos were detected using Western blotting. RESULTS The B cell subgroups in RA patients were correlated with the RANKL/RANK/OPG system. Treatment with Qingluo Tongbi Formula obviously down-regulated the percentages of the B cell subgroups, lowered serum levels of BAFF, β-CTX and TRACP-5b, increased the levels of BGP, BALP and PINP, and improved lumbar bone density of RA patients (P<0.05); All these changes were significantly correlated with the regulation of B cell expressions (P<0.05). In RAW264.7 cells-derived osteoclasts, Qingluo Tongbi Formula significantly decreased the expressions of RANKL, RANK and c-Fos and increased the expression of OPG (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Qingluo Tongbi Formula inhibits bone erosion in RA possibly by regulating B cell subset percentages and BAFF expression and inhibiting osteoclast differentiation via the RANKL/RANK/OPG pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- 天阳 刘
- 安徽中医药大学第一附属医院风湿科,安徽 合肥 230031Department of Rheumatology of First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - 学平 周
- 南京中医药大学第一临床学院,江苏 南京 210000First Clinical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - 传兵 黄
- 安徽中医药大学第一附属医院风湿科,安徽 合肥 230031Department of Rheumatology of First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - 玲玲 周
- 南京中医药大学药学院,江苏 南京 210000School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - 曦 谌
- 安徽中医药大学第一附属医院风湿科,安徽 合肥 230031Department of Rheumatology of First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - 磊 万
- 安徽中医药大学第一附属医院风湿科,安徽 合肥 230031Department of Rheumatology of First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - 瑞凯 纵
- 安徽中医药大学第一附属医院风湿科,安徽 合肥 230031Department of Rheumatology of First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - 海霞 范
- 安徽中医药大学第一附属医院风湿科,安徽 合肥 230031Department of Rheumatology of First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - 玥 孙
- 安徽中医药大学第一附属医院风湿科,安徽 合肥 230031Department of Rheumatology of First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - 志超 俞
- 南京中医药大学第一临床学院,江苏 南京 210000First Clinical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - 忠富 汤
- 安徽中医药大学研究生院,安徽 合肥 230031Graduate School, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, China
| | - 耿瑞 徐
- 南京中医药大学研究生院,江苏 南京 210000Graduate School, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - 子译 周
- 南京中医药大学研究生院,江苏 南京 210000Graduate School, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China
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Hu Y, Wu Q, Wang Y, Zhang H, Liu X, Zhou H, Yang T. The molecular pathogenesis of triptolide-induced hepatotoxicity. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:979307. [PMID: 36091841 PMCID: PMC9449346 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.979307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Triptolide (TP) is the major pharmacologically active ingredient and toxic component of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. However, its clinical potential is limited by a narrow therapeutic window and multiple organ toxicity, especially hepatotoxicity. Furthermore, TP-induced hepatotoxicity shows significant inter-individual variability. Over the past few decades, research has been devoted to the study of TP-induced hepatotoxicity and its mechanism. In this review, we summarized the mechanism of TP-induced hepatotoxicity. Studies have demonstrated that TP-induced hepatotoxicity is associated with CYP450s, P-glycoprotein (P-gp), oxidative stress, excessive autophagy, apoptosis, metabolic disorders, immunity, and the gut microbiota. These new findings provide a comprehensive understanding of TP-induced hepatotoxicity and detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeqing Hu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiguo Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Anqing Medical College, Anqing, China
| | - Yulin Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shanghai, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueying Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Tao Yang, ; Hua Zhou,
| | - Tao Yang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Tao Yang, ; Hua Zhou,
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