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Chaurembo AI, Xing N, Chanda F, Li Y, Zhang HJ, Fu LD, Huang JY, Xu YJ, Deng WH, Cui HD, Tong XY, Shu C, Lin HB, Lin KX. Mitofilin in cardiovascular diseases: Insights into the pathogenesis and potential pharmacological interventions. Pharmacol Res 2024; 203:107164. [PMID: 38569981 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The impact of mitochondrial dysfunction on the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease is increasing. However, the precise underlying mechanism remains unclear. Mitochondria produce cellular energy through oxidative phosphorylation while regulating calcium homeostasis, cellular respiration, and the production of biosynthetic chemicals. Nevertheless, problems related to cardiac energy metabolism, defective mitochondrial proteins, mitophagy, and structural changes in mitochondrial membranes can cause cardiovascular diseases via mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitofilin is a critical inner mitochondrial membrane protein that maintains cristae structure and facilitates protein transport while linking the inner mitochondrial membrane, outer mitochondrial membrane, and mitochondrial DNA transcription. Researchers believe that mitofilin may be a therapeutic target for treating cardiovascular diseases, particularly cardiac mitochondrial dysfunctions. In this review, we highlight current findings regarding the role of mitofilin in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and potential therapeutic compounds targeting mitofilin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah Iddy Chaurembo
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; Stake Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia, Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Na Xing
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China.
| | - Francis Chanda
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; Stake Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia, Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui-Juan Zhang
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Li-Dan Fu
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jian-Yuan Huang
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yun-Jing Xu
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; Stake Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia, Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Hui Deng
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao-Dong Cui
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xin-Yue Tong
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; Stake Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia, Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chi Shu
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; Food Science College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Han-Bin Lin
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; Stake Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia, Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Kai-Xuan Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Zhongshan, Guangdong, China; Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Liu Z, Han X, You Y, Xin G, Li L, Gao J, Meng H, Cao C, Liu J, Zhang Y, Li L, Fu J. Shuangshen ningxin formula attenuates cardiac microvascular ischemia/reperfusion injury through improving mitochondrial function. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 323:117690. [PMID: 38195019 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Shuangshen Ningxin Formula (SSNX) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula used to treat myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI). A randomized controlled trial previously showed that SSNX reduced cardiovascular events, and experiments have also verified that SSNX attenuated ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, the mechanism of SSNX in the treatment of microvascular I/R injury is still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To determine whether SSNX protects the microvasculature by regulating I/R induction in rats and whether this effect depends on the regulation of NR4A1/Mff/Drp1 pathway. METHODS The anterior descending coronary artery was ligated to establish a rat MIRI model with 45 min of ischemia and 24 h of reperfusion. The rats were subjected to a 7-day pretreatment with SSNX and nicorandil, after which their cardiac function and microvascular functional morphology were evaluated through diverse methods, including hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) staining, and transmission electron microscopy. Cell apoptosis was assessed using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. Additionally, serum levels of ET-1 and eNOS were determined through an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression levels of NR4A1, Mff, and proteins related to mitochondrial fission were examined by Western blot (WB). Cardiac microcirculation endothelial cells (CMECs) were cultured and the oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model was duplicated. Following treatment with SSNX and DIM-C-pPhOH, an NR4A1 inhibitor, cell viability was assessed. Fluorescence was used to evaluate mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening. Moreover, vascular endothelial function was evaluated through transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER), Transwell assays and tube formation assays. RESULTS The results showed that SSNX reduced the infarction area and no-flow area, improved cardiac function, mitigated pathological alterations, increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression, protected endothelial function, and attenuated microvascular damage after I/R injury. I/R triggered mitochondrial fission and apoptotic signaling in CMECs, while SSNX restored mitochondrial fission to normal levels and inhibited mitochondrial apoptosis. A study using CMECs revealed that SSNX protected endothelial function after OGD/R, attenuating the increase in NR4A1/Mff/Drp1 protein and inactivating VDAC1, HK2, cytochrome c (cyt-c) and caspase-9. Research also shows that SSNX can affect CMEC cell migration and angiogenesis, reduce mitochondrial membrane potential damage, and inhibit membrane opening. Moreover, DIM-C-pPhOH, an NR4A1 inhibitor, partially imitated the effect of SSNX. CONCLUSION SSNX has a protective effect on the cardiac microvasculature by inhibiting the NR4A1/Mff/Drp1 pathway both in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZiXin Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, PR China.
| | - Xiao Han
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, PR China.
| | - Yue You
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, PR China.
| | - GaoJie Xin
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, PR China.
| | - LingMei Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, PR China.
| | - JiaMing Gao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, PR China.
| | - HongXu Meng
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, PR China.
| | - Ce Cao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, PR China.
| | - JianXun Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, PR China.
| | - YeHao Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, PR China.
| | - Lei Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, PR China.
| | - JianHua Fu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, PR China.
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Park J, Bak S, Chu H, Kang S, Youn I, Jun H, Sim D, Leem J. Current Research Status and Implication for Further Study of Real-World Data on East Asian Traditional Medicine for Heart Failure: A Scoping Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 12:61. [PMID: 38200969 PMCID: PMC10779411 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12010061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study used real-world data (RWD) to explore the long-term effects of East Asian traditional medicine (EATM) on heart failure (HF). A comprehensive search was conducted across five databases to identify relevant studies, which were then reviewed using the Arksey and O'Malley scoping review framework. The analysis focused on a descriptive examination of the long-term outcomes associated with EATM intervention. Methodologically, the study explored various aspects, including study subjects, interventions, applied clinical outcomes, and statistical methods. Out of 258 studies, 12 were selected. Eight studies involved patients with HF, while the others used HF as an outcome. Datasets from the National Health Insurance Research Database were used in Taiwan, while electronic medical record data were used in China and Japan. EATM interventions have been found to be associated with lower mortality and readmission rates. One study indicated that an increased dose of Fuzi, a botanical drug, or prompt use of Fuzi after diagnosis led to a decreased mortality hazard ratio. In two studies examining readmission rates, a significant increase was observed in the non-exposed group, with odds ratios of 1.28 and 1.18. Additionally, in patients with breast cancer, the subdistribution hazard ratio for the occurrence of doxorubicin-induced HF was reduced to 0.69. Although cohort studies with survival analysis were common, methodological flaws, such as issues with statistical methods and HF diagnosis, were identified. Despite these challenges, the study observed an association between EATM and improved clinical outcomes in patients with HF, emphasizing the potential of RWD studies to complement randomized controlled trials, especially for longer-term follow-ups. These results provide foundational data for future RWD research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongsu Park
- Wonkwang University Gwangju Korean Medicine Hospital, Gwangju 61729, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seongjun Bak
- College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea; (S.B.); (H.C.)
| | - Hongmin Chu
- College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea; (S.B.); (H.C.)
- Wollong Public Health Subcenter, Paju Public Health Center, Paju 10924, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukjong Kang
- Department of Convergence Technology for Food Industry, Graduate School, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea;
| | - Inae Youn
- Department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion, National Medical Center, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyungsun Jun
- Department of Diagnostics, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Daeun Sim
- College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea; (S.B.); (H.C.)
| | - Jungtae Leem
- Department of Diagnostics, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
- Research Center of Traditional Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
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