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Tooth Formation as Experimental Model to Study Chemotherapy on Tissue Development: Effect of a Specific Dose of Temozolomide/Veliparib. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071198. [PMID: 35885982 PMCID: PMC9322384 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Chemotherapy treatment of cancer in children can influence formation of normal tissues, leading to irreversible changes in their structure and function. Tooth formation is susceptible to several types of chemotherapy that induce irreversible changes in the structure of enamel, dentin and dental root morphology. These changes can make the teeth more prone to fracture or to caries when they have erupted. Recent studies report successful treatment of brain tumors with the alkylating drug temozolomide (TMZ) in combination with veliparib (VLP) in a glioblastoma in vivo mouse model. Whether these drugs also affect tooth formation is unknown. Aim: In this study the effect of TMZ/VLP on incisor formation was investigated in tissue sections of jaws from mice and compared with mice not treated with these drugs. Materials and method: The following aspects were studied using immunohistochemistry of specific protein markers including: (1) proliferation (by protein expression of proliferation marker Ki67) (2) a protein involved in paracellular ion transport (expression of tight junction (TJ) protein claudin-1) and (3) in transcellular passage of ions across the dental epithelium (expression of Na+, K+ 2Cl- cotransporter/NKCC1). Results: Chemotherapy with TMZ/VLP strongly reduced immunostaining for claudin-1 in distal parts of maturation ameloblasts. No gross changes were found in the treated mice, either in cell proliferation in the dental epithelium at the cervical loop or in the immunostaining pattern for NKCC1 in (non-ameloblastic) dental epithelium. The salivary glands in the treated mice contained strongly reduced immunostaining for NKCC1 in the basolateral membranes of acinar cells. Discussion/Conclusions: Based on the reduction of claudin-1 immunostaining in ameloblasts, TMZ/VLP may potentially influence forming enamel by changes in the structure of TJs structures in maturation ameloblasts, structures that are crucial for the selective passage of ions through the intercellular space between neighboring ameloblasts. The strongly reduced basolateral NKCC1 staining seen in fully-grown salivary glands of TMZ/VLP-treated mice suggests that TMZ/VLF could also influence ion transport in adult saliva by the salivary gland epithelium. This may cause treated children to be more susceptible to caries.
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Edechi CA, Amini M, Hamedani MK, Terceiro LE, Nickel BE, Leygue E, Myal Y. Comparison of Fixation Methods for the Detection of Claudin 1 and E-Cadherin in Breast Cancer Cell Lines by Immunofluorescence. J Histochem Cytochem 2022; 70:181-187. [PMID: 34715746 PMCID: PMC8777374 DOI: 10.1369/00221554211055240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The tight junction membrane protein claudin 1 and the adherens junction protein E-cadherin play critical roles in cell-cell communication and in cell signaling. As a result, their protein levels and distribution in cancer have been a focus of cancer researchers in recent years. The loss of sensitivity to contact inhibition and the establishment of invasive properties in cancer are thought to be a result of the mislocalization of these membrane proteins to the cytoplasm. However, reports on their distribution and levels have been inconsistent. It is therefore critical that the techniques used to determine the cellular localization of these proteins be both consistent and reliable. This study was undertaken to determine the optimal fixation method, methanol or formalin, for the detection of claudin 1 and E-cadherin by immunofluorescence in five different human breast cancer cell lines. Both methods exhibited staining of the cell membrane and cytoplasm, but the strongest and most distinct signals were obtained using methanol fixation. Interestingly, cell-specific differences were also observed that appeared to be associated with levels of claudin 1 and E-cadherin as seen by Western blotting. Therefore, when evaluating cellular localization of the junction proteins claudin 1 and E-cadherin, expression level and cell type differences must be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Barbara E. Nickel
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St.
Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Etienne Leygue
- Department of Biochemistry,Max Rady College of Medicine, University of
Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada, CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute,
Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Yvonne Myal
- Yvonne Myal, Department of Pathology, Max
Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, 401 Brodie Centre, 727
McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P5, Canada. E-mail:
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Yamaguti PM, Neves FDAR, Hotton D, Bardet C, de La Dure-Molla M, Castro LC, Scher MDC, Barbosa ME, Ditsch C, Fricain JC, de La Faille R, Figueres ML, Vargas-Poussou R, Houillier P, Chaussain C, Babajko S, Berdal A, Acevedo AC. Amelogenesis imperfecta in familial hypomagnesaemia and hypercalciuria with nephrocalcinosis caused by CLDN19 gene mutations. J Med Genet 2016; 54:26-37. [PMID: 27530400 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2016-103956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a group of genetic diseases characterised by tooth enamel defects. AI was recently described in patients with familial hypercalciuria and hypomagnesaemia with nephrocalcinosis (FHHNC) caused by CLDN16 mutations. In the kidney, claudin-16 interacts with claudin-19 to control the paracellular passage of calcium and magnesium. FHHNC can be linked to mutations in both genes. Claudin-16 was shown to be expressed during amelogenesis; however, no data are available on claudin-19. Moreover, the enamel phenotype of patients with CLDN19 mutations has never been described. In this study, we describe the clinical and genetic features of nine patients with FHHNC carrying CLDN19 mutations and the claudin-19 expression profile in rat ameloblasts. METHODS Six FHHNC Brazilian patients were subjected to mutational analysis. Three additional French patients were recruited for orodental characterisation. The expression profile of claudin-19 was evaluated by RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence using enamel epithelium from rat incisors. RESULTS All patients presented AI at different degrees of severity. Two new likely pathogenic variations in CLDN19 were found: p.Arg200Gln and p.Leu90Arg. RT-qPCR revealed low Cldn19 expression in ameloblasts. Confocal analysis indicated that claudin-19 was immunolocalised at the distal poles of secretory and maturing ameloblasts. CONCLUSIONS For the first time, it was demonstrated that AI is associated with FHHNC in patients carrying CLDN19 mutations. The data suggest claudin-19 as an additional determinant in enamel formation. Indeed, the coexistence of hypoplastic and hypomineralised AI in the patients was consistent with claudin-19 expression in both secretory and maturation stages. Additional indirect systemic effects cannot be excluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Marcio Yamaguti
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Division of Dentistry, Oral Care Center for Inherited Diseases, University Hospital of Brasilia, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | | | - Dominique Hotton
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, University Paris-Diderot, INSERM UMR_S1138, Equipe Physiopathologie Orale Moléculaire, Paris, France
| | - Claire Bardet
- EA 2496, Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, Dental School, University Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Muriel de La Dure-Molla
- INSERM UMR_S1163, Bases moléculaires et physiopathologiques des ostéochondrodysplasies, Institut Imagine, Necker, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Referral Center for Rare Buccal and Facial Dysmorphologies CRMR MAFACE, Hôpital Rothschild, Paris, France
| | - Luiz Claudio Castro
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology, University Hospital of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Jean-Christophe Fricain
- CHU Bordeaux, Dental school, U1026 Tissue Bioengineering, University of Bordeaux/Inserm, Bordeaux, France
| | - Renaud de La Faille
- Department of Nephrology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marie-Lucile Figueres
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, CNRS ERL_8228, Paris, France
| | - Rosa Vargas-Poussou
- AP-HP, Department of Genetics, Reference Center of Children and Adult Renal Hereditary Diseases (MARHEA), Hôpital European Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Houillier
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, CNRS ERL_8228, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Department of Genetics, Reference Center of Children and Adult Renal Hereditary Diseases (MARHEA), Hôpital European Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Chaussain
- EA 2496, Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, Dental School, University Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Department of Genetics, Reference Center of Children and Adult Renal Hereditary Diseases (MARHEA), Hôpital European Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Babajko
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, University Paris-Diderot, INSERM UMR_S1138, Equipe Physiopathologie Orale Moléculaire, Paris, France
| | - Ariane Berdal
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, University Paris-Diderot, INSERM UMR_S1138, Equipe Physiopathologie Orale Moléculaire, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Referral Center for Rare Buccal and Facial Dysmorphologies CRMR MAFACE, Hôpital Rothschild, Paris, France
| | - Ana Carolina Acevedo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Division of Dentistry, Oral Care Center for Inherited Diseases, University Hospital of Brasilia, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
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Bartlett JD, Smith CE. Modulation of cell-cell junctional complexes by matrix metalloproteinases. J Dent Res 2012; 92:10-7. [PMID: 23053846 DOI: 10.1177/0022034512463397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The ameloblast cell layer of the enamel organ is in contact with the forming enamel as it develops into the hardest substance in the body. Ameloblasts move in groups that slide by one another as the enamel layer thickens. Each ameloblast is responsible for the formation of one enamel rod, and the rods are the mineralized trail that moving ameloblasts leave behind. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) facilitate cell movement in various tissues during development, and in this review we suggest that the tooth-specific MMP, enamelysin (MMP20), facilitates ameloblast movements during enamel development. Mmp20 null mice have thin brittle enamel with disrupted rod patterns that easily abrades from the underlying dentin. Strikingly, the Mmp20 null mouse enamel organ morphology is noticeably dysplastic during late-stage development, when MMP20 is no longer expressed. We suggest that in addition to its role of cleaving enamel matrix proteins, MMP20 also cleaves junctional complexes present on ameloblasts to foster the cell movement necessary for formation of the decussating enamel rod pattern. Therefore, inactivation of MMP20 would result in tight ameloblast cell-cell attachments that may cause maturation-stage enamel organ dysplasia. The tight ameloblast attachments would also preclude the ameloblast movement necessary to form decussating enamel rod patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Bartlett
- Department of Mineralized Tissue Biology, Forsyth Institute, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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