1
|
Elnawam H, Abdallah A, Nouh S, Khalil NM, Elbackly R. Influence of extracellular matrix scaffolds on histological outcomes of regenerative endodontics in experimental animal models: a systematic review. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:511. [PMID: 38689279 PMCID: PMC11061952 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04266-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) from several tissue sources has been proposed as a promising alternative to conventional scaffolds used in regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs). This systematic review aimed to evaluate the histological outcomes of studies utilizing dECM-derived scaffolds for REPs and to analyse the contributing factors that might influence the nature of regenerated tissues. METHODS The PRISMA 2020 guidelines were used. A search of articles published until April 2024 was conducted in Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science databases. Additional records were manually searched in major endodontic journals. Original articles including histological results of dECM in REPs and in-vivo studies were included while reviews, in-vitro studies and clinical trials were excluded. The quality assessment of the included studies was analysed using the ARRIVE guidelines. Risk of Bias assessment was done using the (SYRCLE) risk of bias tool. RESULTS Out of the 387 studies obtained, 17 studies were included for analysis. In most studies, when used as scaffolds with or without exogenous cells, dECM showed the potential to enhance angiogenesis, dentinogenesis and to regenerate pulp-like and dentin-like tissues. However, the included studies showed heterogeneity of decellularization methods, animal models, scaffold source, form and delivery, as well as high risk of bias and average quality of evidence. DISCUSSION Decellularized ECM-derived scaffolds could offer a potential off-the-shelf scaffold for dentin-pulp regeneration in REPs. However, due to the methodological heterogeneity and the average quality of the studies included in this review, the overall effectiveness of decellularized ECM-derived scaffolds is still unclear. More standardized preclinical research is needed as well as well-constructed clinical trials to prove the efficacy of these scaffolds for clinical translation. OTHER The protocol was registered in PROSPERO database #CRD42023433026. This review was funded by the Science, Technology and Innovation Funding Authority (STDF) under grant number (44426).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hisham Elnawam
- Endodontics, Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champollion Street, Azarita, Alexandria, Egypt.
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Amr Abdallah
- Endodontics, Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champollion Street, Azarita, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Samir Nouh
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Surgery Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nesma Mohamed Khalil
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rania Elbackly
- Endodontics, Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champollion Street, Azarita, Alexandria, Egypt
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tao S, Yang T, Zhou JN, Zhang Q. Impaired pulp healing associated with underlying disorders in the dental pulp of rats with type 2 diabetes. J Dent Sci 2024; 19:310-320. [PMID: 38303798 PMCID: PMC10829554 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2023.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), characterized by hyperglycemia, is a systematic disease affecting structure and healing ability in various tissues. This study aimed to investigate whether T2DM could impair the dental pulp healing and cause underlying pathological changes in the dental pulp before an injury occurred. Materials and methods Goto-Kakizaki rats were used as T2DM model animals and performed with direct pulp capping procedures on the first maxillary molars. The molars at 1, 2, 4 weeks after operation and non-injured molars were examined using hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemical staining, immunofluorescence staining, and Masson's trichrome staining. The fresh dental pulp of maxillary incisors was collected for transmission electron microscopy and glucose content evaluation. Results The T2DM rats showed deficient reparative dentin formation compared with the healthy rats. Before the occurrence of an injury, underlying pathological changes of major components in the pulp tissue were observed in T2DM rats, including vasculopathy; collagen abnormalities; decreased proliferation, decreased odontogenetic differentiation and damaged ultrastructure of dental pulp cells. High glucose content and advanced glycation end products accumulation were further found in the pulp tissue in T2DM rats. Conclusion T2DM can impede pulp healing process in rats, which is associated with underlying pathological changes in the non-injured pulp caused by the advanced glycation end products accumulation under high-glucose conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Tao
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Ni Zhou
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Physical and Biological Properties of a Chitosan Hydrogel Scaffold Associated to Photobiomodulation Therapy for Dental Pulp Regeneration: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6684667. [PMID: 33575339 PMCID: PMC7857869 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6684667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background The regeneration of dental pulp, especially in cases of pulp death of immature teeth, is the goal of the regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) that are based on tissue engineering principles, consisting of stem cells, growth factors, and scaffolds. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) showed to improve dental pulp regeneration through cell homing approaches in preclinical studies and has been proposed as the fourth element of tissue engineering. However, when a blood clot was used as a scaffold in one of these previous studies, only 30% of success was achieved. The authors pointed out the instability of the blood clot as the regeneration shortcoming. Then, to circumvent this problem, a new scaffold was developed to be applied with the blood clot. The hypothesis of the present study was that an experimental injectable chitosan hydrogel would facilitate the three-dimensional spatial organization of endogenous stem cells in dental pulp regeneration with no interference on the positive influence of PBMT. Methods For the in vitro analysis, stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs) were characterized by flow cytometry and applied in the chitosan scaffold for evaluating adhesion, migration, and proliferation. For the in vivo analysis, the chitosan scaffold was applied in a rodent orthotopic dental pulp regeneration model under the influence of PBMT (660 nm; power output of 20 mW, beam area of 0.028 cm2, and energy density of 5 J/cm2). Results The scaffold tested in this study allowed significantly higher viability, proliferation, and migration of SCAPs in vitro when PBMT was applied, especially with the energy density of 5 J/cm2. These results were in consonance to those of the in vivo data, where pulp-like tissue formation was observed inside the root canal. Conclusion Chitosan hydrogel when applied with a blood clot and PBMT could in the future improve previous results of dental pulp regeneration through cell homing approaches.
Collapse
|
4
|
Ranjbar-Mohammadi M, Mousavi E, Mostakhdem Hashemi M, Abbasian M, Asadi J, Esmaili E, Fesharaki M, Asadi P, Arab-Bafrani Z. Efficient co-cultivation of human fibroblast cells (HFCs) and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSs) on gelatin/PLCL nanofiber. IET Nanobiotechnol 2020; 14:73-77. [PMID: 31935681 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2019.0278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated whether the nanofibers produced by natural-synthetic polymers can probably promote the proliferation of co-cultured adipose-derived stem cells/human fibroblast cells (ADSs/HFCs) and synthesis of collagen. Nanofiber was fabricated by blending gelatin and poly (L-lactide co-ɛ-caprolactone) (PLCL) polymer nanofiber (Gel/PLCL). Cell morphology and the interaction between cells and Gel/PLCL nanofiber were evaluated by FESEM and fluorescent microscopy. MTS assay and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were applied to assess the proliferation of co-cultured ADSs/HFCs and the collagen type I and III synthesis, respectively. The concentrations of two cytokines including fibroblast growth factor-basic and transforming growth factor-β1 were also measured in culture medium of co-cultured ADSs/HDCs using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay assay. Actually, nanofibers exhibited proper structural properties in terms of stability in cell proliferation and toxicity analysis processes. Gel/PLCL nanofiber promoted the growth and the adhesion of HFCs. Our results showed in contact co-culture of ADSs/HFCs on the Gel/PLCL nanofiber increased cellular adhesion and proliferation synergistically compared to non-coated plate. Also, synthesis of collagen and cytokines secretion of co-cultured ADSs/HFCs on Gel/PLCL scaffolds is significantly higher than non-coated plates. To conclude, the results suggest that Gel/PLCL nanofiber can imitate physiological characteristics in vivo and enhance the efficacy of co-cultured ADSs/HFCs in wound healing process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Elham Mousavi
- Department of medical microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of medical sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Mahdi Abbasian
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Jahanbakhsh Asadi
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ehsan Esmaili
- Health Management and Social Development Research Center, Golestan University of medical sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mehrafarin Fesharaki
- Department of Cell Sciences Research Center Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Pouyan Asadi
- Medical Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Zahra Arab-Bafrani
- Health technology Research Center, Oxin Sabz Espadan Company, Esfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li M, Ma J, Gao Y, Dong M, Zheng Z, Li Y, Tan R, She Z, Yang L. Epithelial differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) undergoing three-dimensional (3D) cultivation with collagen sponge scaffold (CSS) via an indirect co-culture strategy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:141. [PMID: 32234069 PMCID: PMC7110797 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01645-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Three-dimensional (3D) cultivation with biomaterials was proposed to facilitate stem cell epithelial differentiation for wound healing. However, whether human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) on collagen sponge scaffold (CSS) better differentiate to keratinocytes remains unclear. METHODS 3D cultivation with CSS on hASC epidermal differentiation co-cultured with HaCaT cells at air-liquid interface (ALI) was compared with two-dimensional (2D) form and cultivation without "co-culture" or "ALI." Cellular morphology, cell adhesion, and growth condition were evaluated, followed by the protein and gene expression of keratin 14 (K14, keratinocyte specific marker). RESULTS Typical cobblestone morphology of keratinocytes was remarkably observed in co-cultured hASCs at ALI, but those seeded on the CSS exhibited more keratinocyte-like cells under an invert microscope and scanning electron microscope. Desired cell adhesion and proliferation were confirmed in 3D differentiation groups by rhodamine-labeled phalloidin staining, consistent with H&E staining. Compared with those cultured in 2D culture system or without "ALI," immunofluorescence staining and gene expression analysis revealed hASCs co-cultured over CSS expressed K14 at higher levels at day 15. CONCLUSIONS CSS is positive to promote epithelial differentiation of hASCs, which will foster a deeper understanding of artificial dermis in skin wound healing and regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minxiong Li
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jingxi Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jingxi Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanbin Gao
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jingxi Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengru Dong
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jingxi Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Zijun Zheng
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jingxi Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchen Li
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jingxi Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongwei Tan
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Implantable Medical Polymer, Shenzhen Lando Biomaterials Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhending She
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Implantable Medical Polymer, Shenzhen Lando Biomaterials Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jingxi Street, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang D, Wang Y. Functional Protein-Based Bioinspired Nanomaterials: From Coupled Proteins, Synthetic Approaches, Nanostructures to Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3054. [PMID: 31234528 PMCID: PMC6627797 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20123054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein-based bioinspired nanomaterials (PBNs) combines the advantage of the size, shape, and surface chemistry of nanomaterials, the morphology and functions of natural materials, and the physical and chemical properties of various proteins. Recently, there are many exciting developments on biomimetic nanomaterials using proteins for different applications including, tissue engineering, drug delivery, diagnosis and therapy, smart materials and structures, and water collection and separation. Protein-based biomaterials with high biocompatibility and biodegradability could be modified to obtain the healing effects of natural organisms after injury by mimicking the extracellular matrix. For cancer and other diseases that are difficult to cure now, new therapeutic methods involving different kinds of biomaterials are studied. The nanomaterials with surface modification, which can achieve high drug loading, can be used as drug carriers to enhance target and trigger deliveries. For environment protection and the sustainability of the world, protein-based nanomaterials are also applied for water treatment. A wide range of contaminants from natural water source, such as organic dyes, oil substances, and multiple heavy ions, could be absorbed by protein-based nanomaterials. This review summarizes the formation and application of functional PBNs, and the details of their nanostructures, the proteins involved, and the synthetic approaches are addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Hum, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong.
| | - Yi Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Hum, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong.
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation) and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Food Biological Safety Control, Shenzhen Research Institute of Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen 518057, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zheng JM, Kong YY, Li YY, Zhang W. MagT1 regulated the odontogenic differentiation of BMMSCs induced byTGC-CM via ERK signaling pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:48. [PMID: 30704530 PMCID: PMC6357492 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1148-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) are suitable cell sources for dental pulp regeneration, but the mechanism of BMMSCs differentiation into odontogenic lineage remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to reveal the role of magnesium transporter protein 1 (MagT1) and MAPK pathways in the odontogenic differentiation of BMMSCs. Methods The RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed to explore the altered transcriptome of BMMSCs undergoing odontogenic differentiation induced by tooth germ cell-condition medium (TGC-CM). Pathway analysis was conducted to explore enriched pathways of the differential expression signature. Automated western blot, real-time PCR, shRNA lentivirus, and flow cytometry were used to detect the function of MagTl and MAPK pathway in odontogenic differentiation of BMMSCs. Results RNA-seq identified 622 differentially expressed genes associated with odontogenic differentiation of BMMSCs induced by TGC-CM, some of which were responsible for MAPK pathway. Consistently, we verified that TGC-CM induced odontogenic differentiation of BMMSCs through activating ERK/MAPK pathway, and the inactivation of ERK/MAPK pathway inhibited the odontogenic differentiation induced by TGC-CM. We also found MagT1 protein was significantly increased during odontogenic differentiation of BMMSCs induced by TGC-CMM, in accordance, MagT1 knockdown significantly decreased the extent of mineralized nodules and the protein levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP-1), and dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSP). Flow cytometry showed that intracellular Mg2+ was significantly reduced in MagT1-knockdown BMMSCs, indicating the suppression of MagT1 inhibited odontogenic differentiation of BMMSCs by decreasing intracellular Mg2+. Finally, we performed RNA-seq to explore the altered transcriptome of MagT1-knockdown BMMSCs undergoing odontogenic differentiation and identified 281 differentially expressed genes, some of which were involved in MAPK pathway. Consistently, automated western blot analysis found the ERK/MAPK pathway was inhibited in MagT1-knockdown BMMSCs during odontogenic differentiation, indicating that suppression of MagT1 inhibited odontogenic differentiation of BMMSCs via ERK/MAPK pathway. Conclusions This study identified the significant alteration of transcriptome in BMMSCs undergoing odontogenic differentiation induced by TGC-CM. We clarified the pivotal role of MagT1 and ERK/MAPK pathway in odontogenic differentiation of BMMSCs, and suppression of MagT1 inhibited the odontogenic differentiation of BMMSCs by decreasing the intracellular Mg2+ and inactivating ERK/MAPK pathway. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-019-1148-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Mao Zheng
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yuan-Yuan Kong
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Endodontics, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yao-Yin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shao W, Xiao F, Xu ZX, Ren RH, Wang Y, Wu YQ. Treatment of severe periodontic-endodontic combined lesions with minocycline hydrochloride ointment combined with mineral trioxide aggregate. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:1389-1396. [PMID: 30116388 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontic-endodontic combined lesions affect the quality of life of patients. The present study aimed to explore a way to achieve maximal effect in treating periodontic-endodontic combined lesions by using a combination of minocycline hydrochloride ointment (MHO) and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). In the present study, 294 patients were randomly divided into four groups: Control group, MHO group, MTA group and combination group. Endodontic and periodontic therapy was applied simultaneously on the anterior and posterior teeth of patients, and patient characteristics, gingival index (GI) and probing depth (PD) were noted when the patients were treated with the different strategies. Reexamination was performed 4 weeks after treatment and follow-up was performed 2 years later. The present study demonstrated that medical history, root filling and periapical condition within the patients were deemed as key factors in determining the success of treatment of periodontic-endodontic combined lesions. The effect of the combination treatment significantly exceeded that of either treatment alone (P<0.05). In addition, the teeth were significantly improved for patients with pathological types I, II and III in the combination group compared with either treatment group alone (P<0.05). Furthermore, compared with the MTA and MHO groups alone, the combination group demonstrated a significant decrease in PD and GI in severe periodontic-endodontic combined lesions. In conclusion, the present findings implied that combination treatment is significantly superior to single treatments applied to patients with severe periodontic-endodontic combined lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Shao
- The 2nd Dental Center, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Feng Xiao
- Department of Dentistry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230600, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Xin Xu
- Department of Counterterrorism Research, Zhejiang Police College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Rui-Han Ren
- Department of Dentistry, People's Hospital of Linyi, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Qun Wu
- The 2nd Dental Center, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Alqahtani Q, Zaky SH, Patil A, Beniash E, Ray H, Sfeir C. Decellularized Swine Dental Pulp Tissue for Regenerative Root Canal Therapy. J Dent Res 2018; 97:1460-1467. [PMID: 30067420 DOI: 10.1177/0022034518785124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current theme of dental pulp regeneration, biological and synthetic scaffolds are becoming a potential therapy for pulp revitalization. The goal is to provide a suitable environment for cellular infiltration, proliferation, and differentiation. The extracellular matrix (ECM) represents a natural scaffold material resembling the native tissue chemical and mechanical properties. In the past few years, ECM-based scaffolds have shown promising results in terms of progenitor cells recruitment, promotion of constructive remodeling, and modulation of host response. These properties make ECM-derived scaffolds an ideal candidate for pulp regenerative therapy. Development of strategies for clinically relevant tissue engineering using dental pulp extracellular matrix (DP-ECM) can provide an alternative to conventional root canal treatment. In this work, we successfully decellularized ECM derived from porcine dental pulp. The resulting scaffold was characterized using immunostaining (collagen type I, dentin matrix protein 1, dentin sialoprotein, and Von Willebrand factor) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (transforming growth factor β, vascular endothelial growth factor, and basic fibroblast growth factor) for extracellular proteins where the ECM retained its proteins and significant amount of growth factors. Furthermore, a pilot in vivo study was conducted where the matrix was implanted for 8 wk in a dog root canal model. Our in vitro and preliminary in vivo data show that the decellularized ECM supports cellular infiltration together with the expression of pulp-dentin and vascular markers (DSP and CD31) compared to the controls. Herein, we show the feasibility to produce a decellularized ECM scaffold and validate the concept of using ECM-based scaffolds for pulp regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Q Alqahtani
- 1 Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - S H Zaky
- 1 Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,2 Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,3 Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - A Patil
- 1 Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - E Beniash
- 1 Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,3 Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,4 McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - H Ray
- 1 Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,4 McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,5 Department of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - C Sfeir
- 1 Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,3 Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,4 McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jiang N, Chen L, Ma Q, Ruan J. Nanostructured Ti surfaces and retinoic acid/dexamethasone present a spatial framework for the maturation and amelogenesis of LS-8 cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:3949-3964. [PMID: 30022819 PMCID: PMC6042561 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s167629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the amelogenesis-inductive effects of surface structures at the nanoscale. For this purpose, variable nanostructured titanium dioxide (TiO2) surfaces were used as a framework to regulate the amelogenic behaviors of ameloblasts with the administration of retinoic acid (RA)/dexamethasone (DEX). MATERIALS AND METHODS TiO2 nanotubular (NT) surfaces were fabricated via anodization. Mouse ameloblast-like LS-8 cells were seeded and cultured on NT surfaces in the presence or absence of RA/DEX for 48 h. The amelogenic behaviors and extracellular matrix (ECM) mineralization of LS-8 cells on nanostructured Ti surfaces were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscope, laser scanning confocal microscope, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, MTT assay, and flow cytometry. RESULTS TiO2 NT surfaces (tube size ~30 and ~80 nm) were constructed via anodization at 5 or 20 V and denoted as NT5 and NT20, respectively. LS-8 cells exhibited significantly increased spread and proliferation, and lower rates of apoptosis and necrosis on NT surfaces. The amelogenic gene expression and ECM mineralization differed significantly on the NT20 and the NT5 and polished Ti sample surfaces in standard medium. The amelogenic behaviors of LS-8 cells were further changed by RA/DEX pretreatment, which directly drove maturation of LS-8 cells. CONCLUSION Controlling the amelogenic behaviors of ameloblast-like LS-8 cells by manipulating the nanostructure of biomaterials surfaces represents an effective tool for the establishment of a systemic framework for supporting enamel regeneration. The administration of RA/DEX is an effective approach for driving the amelogenesis and maturation of ameloblasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jiang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China,
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China,
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China,
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China,
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China,
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China,
| | - Qianli Ma
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China,
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China,
| | - Jianping Ruan
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China,
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China,
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China,
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Huang CC, Narayanan R, Warshawsky N, Ravindran S. Dual ECM Biomimetic Scaffolds for Dental Pulp Regenerative Applications. Front Physiol 2018; 9:495. [PMID: 29887803 PMCID: PMC5981804 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp is a highly vascularized and innervated tissue that provides sensitivity and vitality to the tooth. Chronic caries results in an infected pulp tissue prone to necrosis. Existing clinical treatments replace the living pulp tissue with a non-responsive resin filling resulting in loss of tooth vitality. Tissue engineering approaches to dental pulp tissue regeneration have been investigated to preserve tooth vitality and function. However, a critical criterion is the choice of growth factors that may promote mesenchymal stem cell differentiation and more importantly, vascularization. But, the problems associated with growth factor dosage, delivery, safety, immunological and ectopic complications affect their translatory potential severely. The purpose of this study is to develop, characterize and evaluate a biomimetic native extracellular matrix (ECM) derived dual ECM scaffold that consists of a pulp-specific ECM to promote MSC attachment, proliferation and differentiation and an endothelial ECM to promote migration of host endothelial cells and eventual vascularization in vivo. Our results show that the dual ECM scaffolds possess similar properties as a pulp-ECM scaffold to promote MSC attachment and odontogenic differentiation in vitro. Additionally, when implanted subcutaneously in a tooth root slice model in vivo, the dual ECM scaffolds promoted robust odontogenic differentiation of both dental pulp and bone marrow derived MSCs and also extensive vascularization when compared to respective controls. These scaffolds are mass producible for clinical use and hence have the potential to replace root canal therapy as a treatment for chronic dental caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Chieh Huang
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Endodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Raghuvaran Narayanan
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Endodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Noah Warshawsky
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Endodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Sriram Ravindran
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Endodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Rodas-Junco BA, Canul-Chan M, Rojas-Herrera RA, De-la-Peña C, Nic-Can GI. Stem Cells from Dental Pulp: What Epigenetics Can Do with Your Tooth. Front Physiol 2017; 8:999. [PMID: 29270128 PMCID: PMC5724083 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult stem cells have attracted scientific attention because they are able to self-renew and differentiate into several specialized cell types. In this context, human dental tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hDT-MSCs) have emerged as a possible solution for repairing or regenerating damaged tissues. These cells can be isolated from primary teeth that are naturally replaced, third molars, or other dental tissues and exhibit self-renewal, a high proliferative rate and a great multilineage potential. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms that determine lineage specification are still largely unknown. It is known that a change in cell fate requires the deletion of existing transcriptional programs, followed by the establishment of a new developmental program to give rise to a new cell lineage. Increasing evidence indicates that chromatin structure conformation can influence cell fate. In this way, reversible chemical modifications at the DNA or histone level, and combinations thereof can activate or inactivate cell-type-specific gene sequences, giving rise to an alternative cell fates. On the other hand, miRNAs are starting to emerge as a possible player in establishing particular somatic lineages. In this review, we discuss two new and promising research fields in medicine and biology, epigenetics and stem cells, by summarizing the properties of hDT-MSCs and highlighting the recent findings on epigenetic contributions to the regulation of cellular differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz A Rodas-Junco
- CONACYT-Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Campus de Ciencias Exactas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Michel Canul-Chan
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Campus de Ciencias Exactas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Rafael A Rojas-Herrera
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Campus de Ciencias Exactas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Clelia De-la-Peña
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Geovanny I Nic-Can
- CONACYT-Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Campus de Ciencias Exactas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Monteiro N, Yelick PC. Advances and perspectives in tooth tissue engineering. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 11:2443-2461. [PMID: 27151766 PMCID: PMC6625321 DOI: 10.1002/term.2134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bio-engineered teeth that can grow and remodel in a manner similar to that of natural teeth have the potential to serve as permanent replacements to the currently used prosthetic teeth, such as dental implants. A major challenge in designing functional bio-engineered teeth is to mimic both the structural and anisotropic mechanical characteristics of the native tooth. Therefore, the field of dental and whole tooth regeneration has advanced towards the molecular and nanoscale design of bio-active, biomimetic systems, using biomaterials, drug delivery systems and stem cells. The focus of this review is to discuss recent advances in tooth tissue engineering, using biomimetic scaffolds that provide proper architectural cues, exhibit the capacity to support dental stem cell proliferation and differentiation and sequester and release bio-active agents, such as growth factors and nucleic acids, in a spatiotemporal controlled manner. Although many in vitro and in vivo studies on tooth regeneration appear promising, before tooth tissue engineering becomes a reality for humans, additional research is needed to perfect methods that use adult human dental stem cells, as opposed to embryonic dental stem cells, and to devise the means to generate bio-engineered teeth of predetermined size and shape. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Monteiro
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pamela C. Yelick
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Paiva KBS, Granjeiro JM. Matrix Metalloproteinases in Bone Resorption, Remodeling, and Repair. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2017; 148:203-303. [PMID: 28662823 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are the major protease family responsible for the cleavage of the matrisome (global composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) proteome) and proteins unrelated to the ECM, generating bioactive molecules. These proteins drive ECM remodeling, in association with tissue-specific and cell-anchored inhibitors (TIMPs and RECK, respectively). In the bone, the ECM mediates cell adhesion, mechanotransduction, nucleation of mineralization, and the immobilization of growth factors to protect them from damage or degradation. Since the first description of an MMP in bone tissue, many other MMPs have been identified, as well as their inhibitors. Numerous functions have been assigned to these proteins, including osteoblast/osteocyte differentiation, bone formation, solubilization of the osteoid during bone resorption, osteoclast recruitment and migration, and as a coupling factor in bone remodeling under physiological conditions. In turn, a number of pathologies, associated with imbalanced bone remodeling, arise mainly from MMP overexpression and abnormalities of the ECM, leading to bone osteolysis or bone formation. In this review, we will discuss the functions of MMPs and their inhibitors in bone cells, during bone remodeling, pathological bone resorption (osteoporosis and bone metastasis), bone repair/regeneration, and emergent roles in bone bioengineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katiucia B S Paiva
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Biology and Cellular Interaction (LabMec), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - José M Granjeiro
- National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (InMetro), Bioengineering Laboratory, Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil; Fluminense Federal University, Dental School, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Malyshev IY, Yanushevich OO. [Tissue engineering of the tooth: directions of development, achievements and unresolved problems]. STOMATOLOGIIA 2017; 96:72-79. [PMID: 28858286 DOI: 10.17116/stomat201796472-79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- I Yu Malyshev
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov, Moscow, Russia
| | - O O Yanushevich
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Monteiro N, Smith EE, Angstadt S, Zhang W, Khademhosseini A, Yelick PC. Dental cell sheet biomimetic tooth bud model. Biomaterials 2016; 106:167-79. [PMID: 27565550 PMCID: PMC5025039 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine technologies offer promising therapies for both medicine and dentistry. Our long-term goal is to create functional biomimetic tooth buds for eventual tooth replacement in humans. Here, our objective was to create a biomimetic 3D tooth bud model consisting of dental epithelial (DE) - dental mesenchymal (DM) cell sheets (CSs) combined with biomimetic enamel organ and pulp organ layers created using GelMA hydrogels. Pig DE or DM cells seeded on temperature-responsive plates at various cell densities (0.02, 0.114 and 0.228 cells 10(6)/cm(2)) and cultured for 7, 14 and 21 days were used to generate DE and DM cell sheets, respectively. Dental CSs were combined with GelMA encapsulated DE and DM cell layers to form bioengineered 3D tooth buds. Biomimetic 3D tooth bud constructs were cultured in vitro, or implanted in vivo for 3 weeks. Analyses were performed using micro-CT, H&E staining, polarized light (Pol) microscopy, immunofluorescent (IF) and immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses. H&E, IHC and IF analyses showed that in vitro cultured multilayered DE-DM CSs expressed appropriate tooth marker expression patterns including SHH, BMP2, RUNX2, tenascin and syndecan, which normally direct DE-DM interactions, DM cell condensation, and dental cell differentiation. In vivo implanted 3D tooth bud constructs exhibited mineralized tissue formation of specified size and shape, and SHH, BMP2 and RUNX2and dental cell differentiation marker expression. We propose our biomimetic 3D tooth buds as models to study optimized DE-DM cell interactions leading to functional biomimetic replacement tooth formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Monteiro
- Department of Orthodontics, Division of Craniofacial and Molecular Genetics, Tufts University, 136 Harrison Avenue, M824, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| | - Elizabeth E Smith
- Department of Orthodontics, Division of Craniofacial and Molecular Genetics, Tufts University, 136 Harrison Avenue, M824, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| | - Shantel Angstadt
- Department of Orthodontics, Division of Craniofacial and Molecular Genetics, Tufts University, 136 Harrison Avenue, M824, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| | - Weibo Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Division of Craniofacial and Molecular Genetics, Tufts University, 136 Harrison Avenue, M824, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard-MIT, Biomaterials Innovations Research Center, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 65 Landsdowne Street Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Pamela C Yelick
- Department of Orthodontics, Division of Craniofacial and Molecular Genetics, Tufts University, 136 Harrison Avenue, M824, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang F, Song J, Zhang H, Huang E, Song D, Tollemar V, Wang J, Wang J, Mohammed M, Wei Q, Fan J, Liao J, Zou Y, Liu F, Hu X, Qu X, Chen L, Yu X, Luu HH, Lee MJ, He TC, Ji P. Wnt and BMP Signaling Crosstalk in Regulating Dental Stem Cells: Implications in Dental Tissue Engineering. Genes Dis 2016; 3:263-276. [PMID: 28491933 PMCID: PMC5421560 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tooth is a complex hard tissue organ and consists of multiple cell types that are regulated by important signaling pathways such as Wnt and BMP signaling. Serious injuries and/or loss of tooth or periodontal tissues may significantly impact aesthetic appearance, essential oral functions and the quality of life. Regenerative dentistry holds great promise in treating oral/dental disorders. The past decade has witnessed a rapid expansion of our understanding of the biological features of dental stem cells, along with the signaling mechanisms governing stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. In this review, we first summarize the biological characteristics of seven types of dental stem cells, including dental pulp stem cells, stem cells from apical papilla, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, dental follicle precursor cells, periodontal ligament stem cells, alveolar bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and MSCs from gingiva. We then focus on how these stem cells are regulated by bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and/or Wnt signaling by examining the interplays between these pathways. Lastly, we analyze the current status of dental tissue engineering strategies that utilize oral/dental stem cells by harnessing the interplays between BMP and Wnt pathways. We also highlight the challenges that must be addressed before the dental stem cells may reach any clinical applications. Thus, we can expect to witness significant progresses to be made in regenerative dentistry in the coming decade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fugui Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, and the Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China.,Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jinglin Song
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, and the Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, and the Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China.,Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Enyi Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, and the Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China.,Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Dongzhe Song
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Viktor Tollemar
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, and the Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China.,Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Maryam Mohammed
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Qiang Wei
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jiaming Fan
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Junyi Liao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yulong Zou
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xue Hu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiangyang Qu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Liqun Chen
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xinyi Yu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hue H Luu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Michael J Lee
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, and the Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China.,Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ping Ji
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, and the Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Huang CC, Narayanan R, Alapati S, Ravindran S. Exosomes as biomimetic tools for stem cell differentiation: Applications in dental pulp tissue regeneration. Biomaterials 2016; 111:103-115. [PMID: 27728810 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Achieving and maintaining safe and reliable lineage specific differentiation of stem cells is important for clinical translation of tissue engineering strategies. In an effort to circumvent the multitude of problems arising from the usage of growth factors and growth factor delivery systems, we have explored the use of exosomes as biomimetic tools to induce stem cell differentiation. Working on the hypothesis that cell-type specific exosomes can trigger lineage-specific differentiation of stem cells, we have evaluated the potential of exosomes derived from dental pulp cells cultured on under growth and odontogenic differentiation conditions to induce odontogenic differentiation of naïve human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and human bone marrow derived stromal cells (HMSCs) in vitro and in vivo. Results indicate that the exosomes can bind to matrix proteins such as type I collagen and fibronectin enabling them to be tethered to biomaterials. The exosomes are endocytosed by both DPSCs and HMSCs in a dose-dependent and saturable manner via the caveolar endocytic mechanism and trigger the P38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. In addition, the exosomes also trigger the increased expression of genes required for odontogenic differentiation. When tested in vivo in a tooth root slice model with DPSCs, the exosomes triggered regeneration of dental pulp-like tissue. However, our results indicate that exosomes isolated under odontogenic conditions are better inducers of stem cell differentiation and tissue regeneration. Overall, our results highlight the potential exosomes as biomimetic tools to induce lineage specific differentiation of stem cells. Our results also show the importance of considering the source and state of exosome donor cells before a choice is made for therapeutic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Chieh Huang
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA
| | | | - Satish Alapati
- Department of Endodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA
| | - Sriram Ravindran
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ghanavati Z, Orazizadeh M, Bayati V, Abbaspour MR, Khorsandi L, Mansouri E, Neisi N. Characterization of A Three-Dimensional Organotypic Co-Culture Skin Model for Epidermal Differentiation of Rat Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. CELL JOURNAL 2016; 18:289-301. [PMID: 27602310 PMCID: PMC5011316 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2016.4553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective The organotypic co-culture is a well-known technique to examine cellular
interactions and their roles in stem cell proliferation and differentiation. This study
aims to evaluate the effects of dermal fibroblasts (DFs) on epidermal differentiation
of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) using a three-dimensional (3D) organotypic co-
culture technique.
Materials and Methods In this experimental research study, rat DFs and ASCs were
isolated and cultured separately on electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) matrices.
The PCL matrices seeded by ASCs were superimposed on to the matrices seeded
by DFs in order to create a 3D organotypic co-culture. In the control groups, PCL
matrices seeded by ASCs were placed on matrices devoid of DFs. After 10 days, we
assessed the expressions of keratinocyte-related genes by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and expression of pan-cytokeratin
protein by immunofluorescence in the differentiated keratinocyte-like cells from co-
culture and control groups. Keratinocyte-like cell morphologies were also observed
by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Results The early, intermediate, and terminal differentiation keratinocyte markers-Cytokeratin14, Filaggrin, and Involucrin significantly expressed in the co-culture groups com-
pared to the control ones (P<0.05). We observed pan-cytokeratin in keratinocyte-like cells
of both groups by immunofluorescence. SEM observation of the co-culture groups showed
that the differentiated keratinocyte-like cells developed a polygonal cobblestone shape,
considered characteristic of keratinocytes.
Conclusion The 3D organotypic co-culture bilayered construct that consisted of DFs and
ASCs was an effective technique for epidermal differentiation of ASCs. This co-culture
might be useful for epidermal differentiation of stem cells for future applications in skin
regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Ghanavati
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Orazizadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Vahid Bayati
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Abbaspour
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Layasadat Khorsandi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Esrafil Mansouri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Niloofar Neisi
- Department of Medical Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|