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Abdelsattar MM, Zhao W, Saleem AM, Kholif AE, Vargas-Bello-Pérez E, Zhang N. Physical, Metabolic, and Microbial Rumen Development in Goat Kids: A Review on the Challenges and Strategies of Early Weaning. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2420. [PMID: 37570229 PMCID: PMC10417166 DOI: 10.3390/ani13152420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The digestive system of newborn ruminant functions is similar to monogastric animals, and therefore milk flows into the abomasum instead of rumen for digestion. The rumen undergoes tremendous changes over time in terms of structure, function, and microbiome. These changes contribute to the smooth transition from the dependence on liquid diets to solid diets. Goat kids are usually separated at early ages from their dams in commercial intensive systems. The separation from dams minimizes the transfer of microbiota from dams to newborns. In this review, understanding how weaning times and methodologies could affect the normal development and growth of newborn goats may facilitate the development of new feeding strategies to control stress in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud M. Abdelsattar
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (M.M.A.); (W.Z.)
- Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt;
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (M.M.A.); (W.Z.)
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Atef M. Saleem
- Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed E. Kholif
- Department of Dairy Science, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, P.O. Box 237, Earley Gate, Reading RG6 6EU, UK;
- Facultad de Zootecnia y Ecología, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Periférico R. Aldama Km 1, Chihuahua 31031, Mexico
| | - Naifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (M.M.A.); (W.Z.)
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TGF-β1 in Seminal Plasma Promotes Endometrial Mesenchymal Stem Cell Growth via p42/44 and Akt Pathway in Patients With or Without Endometriosis. Reprod Sci 2022; 29:723-733. [PMID: 34981457 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00562-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The cause of endometriosis, which is characterized by the existence of functional endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity, is poorly understood. Seminal plasma (SP) is rich in multiple cytokines that may promote endometrial tissue survival. Here, we evaluated the effect of SP on growth of endometrial mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from women with endometriosis (E-MSCs) and women without endometriosis (NE-MSCs). Proliferation, cell foci formation, cell cycle progression, and growth marker expression of E- and NE-MSCs were promoted by SP. These effects may be mediated through activation of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), Akt, and p42/44 signaling, which enhances CDK2 and CDK6 expression and accelerates cell cycle progression. Xenografts exposed to SP exhibited a three-fold increase in volume and four-fold increase in weight after 14 days. Our findings demonstrate that TGF-β1 in SP may promote endometrial tissue survival which will allow us to understand the pathogenesis and develop novel approaches for prevention and therapies of endometriosis.
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Ahn JS, Chung KY, Jang SS, Kim UH, Hwang SM, Jin S, Park BH, Kang DH, Kwon EG. mRNA expression of myogenic-adipogenic makers and adipocyte in skeletal muscle of Hanwoo calves at newborn and 6 months of age. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2020; 62:893-902. [PMID: 33987569 PMCID: PMC7721583 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2020.62.6.893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to compare the mRNA expression levels of myogenic-adipogenic makers in the skeletal muscle and adipocytes formation, body weight, rumen weight, and papilla length on Hanwoo calves at newborn and 6 months of age. Animals used three newborn Hanwoo calves (NC) and three Hanwoo calves 6 months of age (SC). Body weight and rumen weight were significantly increased in SC compared to NC (p < 0.01), and papilla length was longer about 10-fold in SC than NC. Adipocytes was possible to visually identify more adipocytes in SC compared to NC, and were mainly formed around the blood vessels. mRNA expression of myogenin, myosin heavy chain 1 and myosin heavy chain 2A in both longissimus dorsi (LD) and semimembranosus (SM) was found to increase with calves growth (p < 0.01), and it was confirmed that have higher levels of mRNA expression in SM than LD. In LD tissues, the mRNA expression of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD, p < 0.03) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ, p < 0.04) was significantly higher in SC than NC. In SM tissues, mRNA expression levels of SCD (p < 0.02) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ, p < 0.01) were higher in SC than NC, and also mRNA expression levels of PPARγ increased, but there was no significant difference. Thus, the calves period suggests that it is an important step in the development of the rumen and the myogenesis and adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Sang Ahn
- Hanwoo Research Institute, National
Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Pyeongchang 25340,
Korea
| | - Ki-Yong Chung
- Department of Beef Science, Korea National
College of Agriculture and Fisheries, Jeonju 54874,
Korea
| | - Sun-Sick Jang
- Hanwoo Research Institute, National
Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Pyeongchang 25340,
Korea
| | - Ui-Hyung Kim
- Hanwoo Research Institute, National
Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Pyeongchang 25340,
Korea
| | - So-Mi Hwang
- Hanwoo Research Institute, National
Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Pyeongchang 25340,
Korea
| | - Shil Jin
- Hanwoo Research Institute, National
Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Pyeongchang 25340,
Korea
| | - Bo-Hye Park
- Hanwoo Research Institute, National
Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Pyeongchang 25340,
Korea
| | - Dong-Hun Kang
- Department of Beef Science, Korea National
College of Agriculture and Fisheries, Jeonju 54874,
Korea
| | - Eung-Gi Kwon
- Hanwoo Research Institute, National
Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Pyeongchang 25340,
Korea
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ul Aabdin Z, Cheng X, Dai H, Wang Y, Sahito B, Roy AC, Memon MA, Shen X. High-Concentrate Feeding to Dairy Cows Induces Apoptosis via the NOD1/Caspase-8 Pathway in Mammary Epithelial Cells. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11010107. [PMID: 31963403 PMCID: PMC7017030 DOI: 10.3390/genes11010107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The effects of a high-concentrate (HC) diet in inducing mammary epithelial cell apoptosis in dairy cows via the NOD1/Caspase-8 pathway have never been investigated before the current study. (2) Methods: Twelve Holstein Frisian cows at mid-lactation were selected to conduct this research. The animals were randomly allocated to two groups (n = 6), and both groups received one of two diets: a low-concentrate (LC) (forage: concentrate 6:4) or a high-concentrate (HC) (forage: concentrate 4:6) diet. Furthermore, an enzyme activity assay, tunnel cell assay, RT-qPCR, western blotting, and an immunofluorescence antibody (IFA) assay were performed to elucidate the effect of an HC diet in the mammary gland of dairy cows. (3) Results: The tunnel cell assay revealed a significant number of apoptotic cells in HC group, and the concentration of Caspase-3, and Caspase-8 was higher in the HC group than in the LC group. NOD1, Rip-2, Caspase-3, Caspase-8, Caspase-9, and Bax mRNA expressions, and NOD1, Caspase-3, Caspase-8, and Bax protein expressions, in the HC group were markedly higher than those in the LC group. Furthermore, Bcl-2 mRNA and protein expressions were markedly decreased in the HC compared to those in the LC group. (4) Conclusions: A HC diet fed to dairy cows incites subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA), which increases the iE-DAP concentration and induces apoptosis in the mammary gland via the NOD1/Caspase-8 pathway.
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Chang L, Liang J, Xia X, Chen X. miRNA-126 enhances viability, colony formation, and migration of keratinocytes HaCaT cells by regulating PI3 K/AKT signaling pathway. Cell Biol Int 2019; 43:182-191. [PMID: 30571843 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing is a basic biological process including proliferation and migration of keratinocyte. The effects of microRNAs on skin wound healing remain largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the role of microRNA-126 (miR-126) in human skin wound healing. Relative expression of miR-126 after injury was evaluated by qRT-PCR. Cell viability, colony formation, cycle distribution, migration, and the alternation of PI3 K/AKT pathway after miR-126 knockdown or overexpression were detected, respectively. In addition, potential target gene of miR-126 was also explored by luciferase assay. Results showed that miR-126 was up-regulated during skin wound healing. Moreover, overexpression of miR-126 promoted cell proliferation and migration, whereas inhibition of miR-126 led to the opposite effects. Additionally, we discovered that PLK2, which inhibited cell viability, colony formation and migration of keratinocyte, was a target gene of miR-126. The expression of PLK2 was negatively correlated with the level of miR-126 during wound healing. Finally, we demonstrated that overexpression of miR-126 significantly increased the expression of p-AKT, p-ERK2, and PI3 K, indicating that overexpression of miR-126 activated PI3 K/AKT signaling pathway. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that miR-126 acted as a critical regulator for promoting proliferation and migration in keratinocyte during skin wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Chang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Yantai, 264000, China
| | - Jinning Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Yantai, 264000, China
| | - Xiujuan Xia
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Yantai, 264000, China
| | - Xianjin Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Yantai, 264000, China
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