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Lloyd EM, Pinniger GJ, Murphy RM, Grounds MD. Slow or fast: Implications of myofibre type and associated differences for manifestation of neuromuscular disorders. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2023; 238:e14012. [PMID: 37306196 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Many neuromuscular disorders can have a differential impact on a specific myofibre type, forming the central premise of this review. The many different skeletal muscles in mammals contain a spectrum of slow- to fast-twitch myofibres with varying levels of protein isoforms that determine their distinctive contractile, metabolic, and other properties. The variations in functional properties across the range of classic 'slow' to 'fast' myofibres are outlined, combined with exemplars of the predominantly slow-twitch soleus and fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus muscles, species comparisons, and techniques used to study these properties. Other intrinsic and extrinsic differences are discussed in the context of slow and fast myofibres. These include inherent susceptibility to damage, myonecrosis, and regeneration, plus extrinsic nerves, extracellular matrix, and vasculature, examined in the context of growth, ageing, metabolic syndrome, and sexual dimorphism. These many differences emphasise the importance of carefully considering the influence of myofibre-type composition on manifestation of various neuromuscular disorders across the lifespan for both sexes. Equally, understanding the different responses of slow and fast myofibres due to intrinsic and extrinsic factors can provide deep insight into the precise molecular mechanisms that initiate and exacerbate various neuromuscular disorders. This focus on the influence of different myofibre types is of fundamental importance to enhance translation for clinical management and therapies for many skeletal muscle disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M Lloyd
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gavin J Pinniger
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Robyn M Murphy
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Miranda D Grounds
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Krammer UD, Tschida S, Berner J, Lilja S, Switzeny OJ, Hippe B, Rust P, Haslberger AG. MiRNA-based "fitness score" to assess the individual response to diet, metabolism, and exercise. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2022; 19:455-473. [PMID: 35937778 PMCID: PMC9351578 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2022.2106148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Regular, especially sustained exercise plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of multiple chronic diseases. Some of the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms behind the adaptive response to physical activity are still unclear, but recent findings suggest a possible role of epigenetic mechanisms, especially miRNAs, in the progression and management of exercise-related changes. Due to the combination of the analysis of epigenetic biomarkers (miRNAs), the intake of food and supplements, and genetic dispositions, a "fitness score" was evaluated to assess the individual response to nutrition, exercise, and metabolic influence. Methods In response to a 12-week sports intervention, we analyzed genetic and epigenetic biomarkers in capillary blood from 61 sedentary, healthy participants (66.1% females, 33.9% males, mean age 33 years), including Line-1 methylation, three SNPs, and ten miRNAs using HRM and qPCR analysis. These biomarkers were also analyzed in a healthy, age- and sex-matched control group (n, 20) without intervention. Food frequency intake, including dietary supplement intake, and general health questionnaires were surveyed under the supervision of trained staff. Results Exercise training decreased the expression of miR-20a-5p, -22-5p, and -505-3p (p < 0.02) and improved the "fitness score," which estimates eight different lifestyle factors to assess, nutrition, inflammation, cardiovascular fitness, injury risk, regeneration, muscle and hydration status, as well as stress level. In addition, we were able to determine correlations between individual miRNAs, miR-20a-5p, -22-5p, and -101-3p (p < 0.04), and the genetic predisposition for endurance and/or strength and obesity risk (ACE, ACTN3, and FTO), as well as between miRNAs and the body composition (p < 0.05). MiR-19b-3p and -101-3p correlated with the intake of B vitamins. Further, miR-19b-3p correlated with magnesium and miR-378a-3p with iron intake (p < 0.05). Conclusions In summary, our results indicate that a combined analysis of several biomarkers (miRNAs) can provide information about an individual's training adaptions/fitness, body composition, nutritional needs, and possible recovery. In contrast to most studies using muscle biopsies, we were able to show that these biomarkers can also be measured using a minimally invasive method.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sylvia Tschida
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Berner
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stephanie Lilja
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Berit Hippe
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- HealthBioCare GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Rust
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Meng Q, Zhang J, Zhong J, Zeng D, Lan D. Novel miRNA Biomarkers for Patients With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Front Neurol 2022; 13:921785. [PMID: 35873767 PMCID: PMC9298557 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.921785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Creatine kinase (CK) as a biomarker has long been expected to be replaced by other fluid biomarkers for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) because it is independent of disease severity. Growing evidence has demonstrated that muscle-specific microRNAs, known as myomiRs, can act as biomarkers for monitoring muscle pathology and disease severity of DMD patients. To gain insights into the relationship between serum myomiRs and clinical assessment, we measured serum levels of miR-1, miR-133a, miR-133b, miR-206, miR-208a, miR-208b, and miR-499 in 48 DMD patients by using real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. These were then compared with age, muscle strength, muscle functions, CK levels, cardiac manifestations, and mutation types (deletions, duplications, and small mutations). When compared to 53 controls, the expression levels of myomiRs were all significantly elevated (p < 0.05). The receiver operating characteristic curves of all seven myomiRs reflected marked differences between DMD patients and healthy controls (p < 0.05). We also showed that serum levels of myomiRs were positively correlated with lower limb distal muscle strength in patients of all age groups. The levels of miR-499, miR-208b, miR-133a, and miR-133b had significant negative correlations with the time to be upright from the supine position (Gowers' time) and the time taken to climb four stairs in DMD patients older than 7 years. Serum levels of miR-1, miR-133a, miR-133b, and miR-499 in patients with cardiac involvement were remarkably higher than those in non-cardiac-involved patients. There was no significant difference in levels of myomiRs between the different mutation groups. Our results indicated that serum myomiRs could be considered as novel biomarkers for monitoring pathology/pathophysiology of DMD patients. In particular, miR-499, miR-208b, miR-133a, and miR-133b might have the ability to reflect the extent of muscle impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Meng
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiapeng Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jingzi Zhong
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Dan Zeng
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Dan Lan
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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A microRNA Signature for the Diagnosis of Statins Intolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158146. [PMID: 35897722 PMCID: PMC9330734 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Western societies. Statins are the first-choice therapy for dislipidemias and are considered the cornerstone of ASCVD. Statin-associated muscle symptoms are the main reason for dropout of this treatment. There is an urgent need to identify new biomarkers with discriminative precision for diagnosing intolerance to statins (SI) in patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as evolutionarily conserved molecules that serve as reliable biomarkers and regulators of multiple cellular events in cardiovascular diseases. In the current study, we evaluated plasma miRNAs as potential biomarkers to discriminate between the SI vs. non-statin intolerant (NSI) population. It is a multicenter, prospective, case-control study. A total of 179 differentially expressed circulating miRNAs were screened in two cardiovascular risk patient cohorts (high and very high risk): (i) NSI (n = 10); (ii) SI (n = 10). Ten miRNAs were identified as being overexpressed in plasma and validated in the plasma of NSI (n = 45) and SI (n = 39). Let-7c-5p, let-7d-5p, let-7f-5p, miR-376a-3p and miR-376c-3p were overexpressed in the plasma of SI patients. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis supported the discriminative potential of the diagnosis. We propose a three-miRNA predictive fingerprint (let-7f, miR-376a-3p and miR-376c-3p) and several clinical variables (non-HDLc and years of dyslipidemia) for SI discrimination; this model achieves sensitivity, specificity and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 83.67%, 88.57 and 89.10, respectively. In clinical practice, this set of miRNAs combined with clinical variables may discriminate between SI vs. NSI subjects. This multiparametric model may arise as a potential diagnostic biomarker with clinical value.
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Poujouly C, Le Gall J, Freisa M, Kechkeche D, Bouville D, Khemir J, Gonzalez-Losada P, Gamby J. Microfluidic Chip for the Electrochemical Detection of MicroRNAs: Methylene Blue Increasing the Specificity of the Biosensor. Front Chem 2022; 10:868909. [PMID: 35425760 PMCID: PMC9002130 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.868909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are biomarkers involved in biological processes that are released by cells and found in biological fluids such as blood. The development of nucleic acid-based biosensors has significantly increased in the past 10 years because the detection of such nucleic acids can easily be applied in the field of early diagnosis. These biosensors need to be sensitive, specific, and fast in order to be effective. This work introduces a newly-built electrochemical biosensor that enables a fast detection in 30 min and, as a result of its integration in microfluidics, presents a limit of detection as low as 1 aM. The litterature concerning the specificity of electrochemical biosensors includes several studies that report one base-mismatch, with the base-mismatch located in the middle of the strand. We report an electrochemical nucleic acid biosensor integrated into a microfluidic chip, allowing for a one-base-mismatch specificity independently from the location of the mismatch in the strand. This specificity was improved using a solution of methylene blue, making it possible to discriminate a partial hybridization from a complete and complementary hybridization.
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Yang H, Zhou J, Wang J, Zhang L, Liu Q, Luo J, Jia H, Liu L, Zhou Q. Circulating Exosomal MicroRNA Profiles Associated with Acute Soft Tissue Injury. CELL JOURNAL 2021; 23:474-484. [PMID: 34455724 PMCID: PMC8405084 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2021.7275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to characterize the circulating exosomal microRNA (miRNA) profiles associated with acute soft tissue injury. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, a total of 12 rats were randomly divided into control group and model group (n=6 for each group). The rats in the model group were used to establish an acute soft tissue injury following the mechanical injury of the leg. The exosomes from the peripheral blood of all the rats were isolated and then characterized by Nanosight NS300 particle size analyser (NTA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and western blot. Next, the exosomal miRNAs in the control and model groups were sequenced, and the differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) were identified using the DESeq algorithm. Functional analyses were performed using Gene Ontology (GO) terms and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway databases. Finally, quantitative reverse-transcription polymersa chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to verify the expression of the DE-miRNAs. Results TEM, NTA and western blot results showed that the exosomes were approximately 100 nm in size and exhibited cup-shaped morphology. A total of 628 miRNAs were obtained by sequencing. After that, 28 DE miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) were identified, including seven down-regulated miRNAs and 21 up-regulated miRNAs. These DE-miRNAs were linked to 7539 target genes with GO. Also, KEGG analyses demonstrated that these genes were enriched for phosphorylation, VEGF signaling pathway, and MAPK signaling pathway. Additionally, the consistency rate between the qRT-PCR and sequencing results was 83.33%, which showed a high relative reliability of the sequencing results. Conclusion These findings suggest that these 28 exosomal miRNAs may be involved in the regulation of acute soft tissue injury, by one of critical biological processes (BP), phosphorylation. The findings provide valuable clues by utilizing exosomes as therapeutic targets for the effective treatment of acute soft tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchang Yang
- Physical Education Department, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Jiangsu Health Vocational College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junlei Wang
- Harbor, Channel and Coastal Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Luoning Zhang
- Physical Education Department, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Quzhi Liu
- Centre of Counseling and Psychological Services, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Center for Kidney Disease, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongyan Jia
- Port Channel and Coastal Engineering Department, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Liu
- The Department of Rehabilitation, Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Physical Education Department, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Lycopene promotes a fast-to-slow fiber type transformation through Akt/FoxO1 signaling pathway and miR-22-3p. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Tang D, Hu J, Liu H, Li Z, Shi Q, Zhao G, Gao B, Lou J, Yao C, Xu F. Diagnosis and prognosis for exercise-induced muscle injuries: from conventional imaging to emerging point-of-care testing. RSC Adv 2020; 10:38847-38860. [PMID: 35518400 PMCID: PMC9057463 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07321k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
With the development of modern society, we have witnessed a significant increase of people who join in sport exercises, which also brings significantly increasing exercise-induced muscle injuries, resulting in reduction and even cessation of participation in sports and physical activities. Although severely injured muscles can hardly realize full functional restoration, skeletal muscles subjected to minor muscle injuries (e.g., tears, lacerations, and contusions) hold remarkable regeneration capacity to be healed without therapeutic interventions. However, delayed diagnosis or inappropriate prognosis will cause exacerbation of the injuries. Therefore, timely diagnosis and prognosis of muscle injuries is important to the recovery of injured muscles. Here, in this review, we discuss the definition and classification of exercise-induced muscle injuries, and then analyze their underlying mechanism. Subsequently, we provide detailed introductions to both conventional and emerging techniques for evaluation of exercise-induced muscle injuries with focus on emerging portable and wearable devices for point-of-care testing (POCT). Finally, we point out existing challenges and prospects in this field. We envision that an integrated system that combines physiological and biochemical analyses is anticipated to be realized in the future for assessing muscle injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deding Tang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
- Maanshan Teachers College Ma Anshan 243041 P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Jie Hu
- Suzhou DiYinAn Biotech Co., Ltd., Suzhou Innovation Center for Life Science and Technology Suzhou 215129 P. R. China
| | - Hao Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Zedong Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Qiang Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
- Anhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Wuhu 241000 P. R. China
| | - Guoxu Zhao
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University Xi'an 710021 P. R. China
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University Xi'an 710038 P. R. China
| | - Jiatao Lou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200030 P. R. China
| | - Chunyan Yao
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400038 P. R. China
| | - Feng Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
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Yin X, Zhao Y, Zheng YL, Wang JZ, Li W, Lu QJ, Huang QN, Zhang CY, Chen X, Ma JZ. Time-Course Responses of Muscle-Specific MicroRNAs Following Acute Uphill or Downhill Exercise in Sprague-Dawley Rats. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1275. [PMID: 31632302 PMCID: PMC6783495 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The physiological characteristics and acute responses underpinning uphill running differ from those of downhill running and remain less understood. This study aimed to evaluate time-course changes of muscle-specific microRNA (miRNA) responses in striated muscle or circulation in response to uphill and downhill running. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 84) were randomly assigned to a sedentary group (n = 12) and an exercise group (n = 72). The exercise group performed 90 min of uphill or downhill running. The striated muscle (quadriceps, gastrocnemius, soleus, and cardiac muscle) or circulation (plasma, exosome, exosome-free) levels of six muscle-specific miRNAs (miR-1, miR-133a, miR-133b, miR-206, miR-208a, and miR-499) were assessed at rest, immediately following exercise, and during recovery (1 h and 48 h). Results: Our results show that miR-1 and miR-133a levels are both decreased in quadriceps following downhill running (p < 0.05) while there is no change after uphill running (p > 0.05). In gastrocnemius, both uphill and downhill running decreased miR-1 level immediately after exercise and returned to baseline during recovery (p < 0.05): interestingly, only miR-499 significantly increased following uphill running (p > 0.05). Of the cell-free miRNAs in circulation, only the miR-133b levels in plasma were not affected following uphill running (p > 0.05); the other miRNA levels significantly increased immediately after exercise (p < 0.05), decreased at 1 h and significantly increased at 48 h after exercise (p < 0.05). All selected miRNA levels in exosomes were not affected following uphill running (p > 0.05), while all selected miRNA levels significantly increased during early recovery after downhill running (p > 0.05). In addition, only the miR-133a level in the exosome-free condition showed significant changes following uphill running (p < 0.05), while miR-1, miR-133a, and miR-499 levels showed significant changes after downhill running (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results indicate that miRNA undergoes dynamic changes in tissue may play an important role in regulating different stress/adaptation following uphill and downhill running. It is likely that changed miRNA levels in plasma may act as a new biomarker for monitoring whole muscular stress during recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,The Research Center of Military Exercise Science, The Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China.,Department of Exercise and Heath, Nanjing Sports Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Exercise and Heath, Nanjing Sports Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Li Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Exercise and Heath, Nanjing Sports Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin Zhi Wang
- Department of Exercise and Heath, Nanjing Sports Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Li
- The Research Center of Military Exercise Science, The Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiu Ju Lu
- The Research Center of Military Exercise Science, The Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Nian Huang
- The Research Center of Military Exercise Science, The Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ji Zheng Ma
- The Research Center of Military Exercise Science, The Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China.,Department of Exercise and Heath, Nanjing Sports Institute, Nanjing, China
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Postprandial Circulating miRNAs in Response to a Dietary Fat Challenge. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11061326. [PMID: 31200481 PMCID: PMC6627817 DOI: 10.3390/nu11061326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Postprandial lipemia has many physiopathological effects, some of which increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can be found in almost all biological fluids, but their postprandial kinetics are poorly described. We aimed to profile circulating miRNAs in response to a fat challenge. In total, 641 circulating miRNAs were assessed by real-time PCR in plasmas from mice two hours after lipid gavage. Mice with intestine-specific loss of Dicer were screened to identify potential miRNAs released by the intestine. A total of 68 miRNAs were selected for further validation. Ten circulating miRNAs were finally validated as responsive to postprandial lipemia, including miR-206-3p, miR-543-3p, miR-466c-5p, miR-27b-5p, miR-409-3p, miR-340-3p, miR-1941-3p, miR-10a-3p, miR-125a-3p, and miR-468-3p. Analysis of their possible tissues of origin/target showed an enrichment of selected miRNAs in liver, intestine, brain, or skeletal muscle. miR-206, miR-27b-5p, and miR-409-3p were validated in healthy humans. Analysis of their predicted target genes revealed their potential involvement in insulin/insulin like growth factor (insulin/IGF), angiogenesis, cholecystokinin B receptor signaling pathway (CCKR), inflammation or Wnt pathways for mice, and in platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) and CCKR signaling pathways for humans. Therefore, the current study shows that certain miRNAs are released in the circulation in response to fatty meals, proposing them as potential novel therapeutic targets of lipid metabolism.
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Castaño C, Novials A, Párrizas M. Exosomes and diabetes. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2019; 35:e3107. [PMID: 30513130 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by elevated blood glucose levels that drive the development of life-threatening complications. Diabetes results from a situation of insufficient insulin action, either by deficient production of the hormone by the pancreas, or by the development of insulin resistance in peripheral tissues such as liver, muscle, or the adipose depots. Communication between organs is thus central to the maintenance of glucose homoeostasis. Recently, several studies are evidencing that small vesicles called exosomes released by, amongst other, the adipose tissue can regulate gene expression in other tissues, hence modulating interorgan crosstalk. Therefore, exosomes participate in the development of diabetes and its associated complications. Their study holds the potential of providing us with novel biomarkers for the early diagnosis and stratification of patients at risk of developing diabetes, hence allowing the timely implementation of more personalized therapies. On the other hand, the molecular dissection of the pathways initiated by exosomes under situations of metabolic stress could help to gain a deeper knowledge of the pathophysiology of diabetes and its associated metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Castaño
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Novials
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marcelina Párrizas
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
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