1
|
Zhang X, Liu N, Yang F, Su G, Hu J, Chen R, Zheng Z. Exploration of the minimal clinically important difference value of the 3-min simulated pedal motion in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A self-controlled prospective clinical trial. THE CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2023; 17:951-961. [PMID: 37586707 PMCID: PMC10500321 DOI: 10.1111/crj.13687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To help elderly patients with severe or very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with pulmonary rehabilitation, we have developed Zheng's supine rehabilitation exercise (ZSRE). Currently, none of the terminal or critically ill patients with severe exercise limitation can complete the 6-min walking distance (6MWD) and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). METHODS In this study, we discuss the definition of the standardized 3-min simulated pedal motion (3MSPM) test and its operational specifications. Also, we evaluate the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) value of the 3MSPM. RESULTS The results showed that the mMRC score of COPD patients with acute exacerbation of dyspnea was progressively reduced from the second day of respiratory rehabilitation, and the difference between the first and seventh days was statistically significant (p < 0.000, χ2 = 176.664). 6MWD increased progressively, and the difference between 6MWD on day 1-7 was statistically significant (p = 0.024, F = 2.443). The difference between 3MSPM on day 1-7 was also statistically significant (p < 0.000, F = 4.481). Further analysis showed that 6MWD was negatively correlated with mMRC (p < 0.000, OR = -0.524). 3MSPM was positively correlated with 6MWD (p < 0.000, OR = 0.640) but negatively correlated with mMRC (p < 0.000, OR = -0.413). There is a linear regression relationship between 6MWD and 3MSPM, that is, 6MWD = 14.151 + 0.301 * 3MSPM, adjusted R2 = 0.401. CONCLUSION Based on the regression equation, 3MSPM can predict 6MWD, and it can be used as a simple exercise endurance method to evaluate patients with safety hazards in underground activities or who cannot complete the 6MWD test. The minimum clinically important difference value is increased by 23.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Zhang
- Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Ni Liu
- State Key Laboraory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Feng Yang
- State Key Laboraory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Guansheng Su
- State Key Laboraory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Jieying Hu
- State Key Laboraory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Rongchang Chen
- Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory DiseasesShenzhen CityGuangdong provinceChina
| | - Zeguang Zheng
- State Key Laboraory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dent JR, Stocks B, Campelj DG, Philp A. Transient changes to metabolic homeostasis initiate mitochondrial adaptation to endurance exercise. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2023; 143:3-16. [PMID: 35351374 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Endurance exercise is well established to increase mitochondrial content and function in skeletal muscle, a process termed mitochondrial biogenesis. Current understanding is that exercise initiates skeletal muscle mitochondrial remodeling via modulation of cellular nutrient, energetic and contractile stress pathways. These subtle changes in the cellular milieu are sensed by numerous transduction pathways that serve to initiate and coordinate an increase in mitochondrial gene transcription and translation. The result of these acute signaling events is the promotion of growth and assembly of mitochondria, coupled to a greater capacity for aerobic ATP provision in skeletal muscle. The aim of this review is to highlight the acute metabolic events induced by endurance exercise and the subsequent molecular pathways that sense this transient change in cellular homeostasis to drive mitochondrial adaptation and remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R Dent
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ben Stocks
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dean G Campelj
- Mitochondrial Metabolism and Ageing Laboratory, Healthy Ageing Research Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Andrew Philp
- Mitochondrial Metabolism and Ageing Laboratory, Healthy Ageing Research Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia; St Vincent's Medical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chubanava S, Treebak JT. Regular exercise effectively protects against the aging-associated decline in skeletal muscle NAD content. Exp Gerontol 2023; 173:112109. [PMID: 36708750 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a tissue integral to general health. Due to its high abundance and oxidative capacity, its metabolism is intimately linked to whole-body physiology. In the elderly population, mobility correlates positively with life expectancy and survival. Furthermore, regular physical activity is one of the most effective health-promoting interventions that delay the onset of aging-associated chronic diseases. Data from preclinical studies show that aging of various tissues is accompanied by a decrease in the concentration of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), which plays a central role in energy homeostasis. Thus, a hypothesis has emerged that normalization of its content would ameliorate the age-related decline in tissue function and therefore improve health of the elderly. This idea, along with the documented safety and high tolerability of NAD precursor supplementation, makes NAD metabolism a prospective target for anti-aging interventions. Interestingly, muscle NAD biosynthesis pathways are stimulated by exercise training, which suggests that training-induced adaptations rely on tissue NAD levels. However, while the relationship between muscle fitness and regular physical activity is well-characterized, the proposed synergy between muscle NAD replenishment and exercise training has not been established. Here, we review the published data on the role of NAD metabolism in exercise in the context of young and aged skeletal muscle and discuss the current challenges relevant to the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Chubanava
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonas T Treebak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Serrano J, Boyd J, Mason C, Smith KR, Karolyi K, Kondo S, Brown IS, Maurya SK, Meshram NN, Serna V, Gilger J, Branch DA, Gardell SJ, Baskin KK, Ayala JE, Pratley RE, Goodpaster BH, Coen PM, Kyriazis GA. The TAS1R2 sweet taste receptor regulates skeletal muscle mass and fitness. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2475555. [PMID: 36798161 PMCID: PMC9934781 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2475555/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Muscle fitness and mass deteriorate under the conditions of obesity and aging for reasons yet to be fully elucidated. Herein, we describe a novel pathway linking peripheral nutrient sensing and skeletal muscle function through the sweet taste receptor TAS1R2 and the involvement of ERK2-PARP1-NAD signaling axis. Muscle-specific deletion of TAS1R2 (mKO) in mice produced elevated NAD levels due to suppressed PARP1 activity, improved mitochondrial function, increased muscle mass and strength, and prolonged running endurance. Deletion of TAS1R2 in obese or aged mice also ameliorated the decline in muscle mass and fitness arising from these conditions. Remarkably, partial loss-of-function of TAS1R2 (rs35874116) in older, obese humans recapitulated the healthier muscle phenotype displayed by mKO mice in response to exercise training. Our findings show that inhibition of the TAS1R2 signaling in skeletal muscle is a promising therapeutic approach to preserve muscle mass and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joan Serrano
- Biological Chemistry & Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jordan Boyd
- Biological Chemistry & Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Carter Mason
- Biological Chemistry & Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kathleen R Smith
- Biological Chemistry & Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Katalin Karolyi
- Biological Chemistry & Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Saki Kondo
- Biological Chemistry & Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ian S Brown
- Biological Chemistry & Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Santosh K Maurya
- Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nishita N Meshram
- Biological Chemistry & Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Vanida Serna
- Biological Chemistry & Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Joshua Gilger
- Biological Chemistry & Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Daniel A Branch
- Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Kedryn K Baskin
- Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Julio E Ayala
- Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | | | - Paul M Coen
- Translational Research Institute, Advent Health, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - George A Kyriazis
- Biological Chemistry & Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Davari F, Alimanesh Z, Alimanesh Z, Salehi O, Hosseini SA. Effect of training and crocin supplementation on mitochondrial biogenesis and redox-sensitive transcription factors in liver tissue of type 2 diabetic rats. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:1215-1220. [PMID: 32401063 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1762663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Present study investigated the effect of continued training (CT) and interval training (IT) with crocin (C) supplementation on mitochondrial biogenesis and redox-sensitive transcription factors in liver tissue of type 2 diabetes (T2D) rats. Forty-eight high fat diet and streptozotocin- induced diabetic rats (mean age: 20 weeks, mean weight: 360.12 ± 12.11 g) were randomly divided into six groups including: (1) sham (Sh), (2) CT, (3) IT, (4) C (25 mg/kg/day), (5) CT + C, and (6) IT + C. IT and CT were performed 8 weeks for five sessions per week on treadmill with 80-85% and 50-55% of maximum speed running respectively. IT, CT and C decreased AP1 and increased LCAD (p ≤ .05); C increased SIRT1 (p ≤ .05); IT + C and CT + C decreased AP1 as well as increased NF-κB and LCAD (p ≤ .05); IT + C increased SIRT1, SIRST3 and PGC1-α (p ≤ .05). It appears that IT along with C compared to CT and C have favourable effect on mitochondrial biogenesis factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Davari
- Department of Sport Physiology, Yasouj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yasouj, Iran
| | - Zeynab Alimanesh
- Department of Nursing, Medical University of Yasouj, Yasouj, Iran
| | - Zahra Alimanesh
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Ministry of Education, Yasouj, Iran
| | - Omidreza Salehi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Hosseini
- Department of Sport Physiology, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Song M, Armenian SH, Bhandari R, Lee K, Ness K, Putt M, Lindenfeld L, Manoukian S, Wade K, Dedio A, Guzman T, Hampton I, Lin K, Baur J, McCormack S, Mostoufi-Moab S. Exercise training and NR supplementation to improve muscle mass and fitness in adolescent and young adult hematopoietic cell transplant survivors: a randomized controlled trial {1}. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:795. [PMID: 35854224 PMCID: PMC9295440 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09845-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Advances in hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) have led to marked improvements in survival. However, adolescents and young adults (AYAs) who undergo HCT are at high risk of developing sarcopenia (loss of skeletal muscle mass) due to the impact of HCT-related exposures on the developing musculoskeletal system. HCT survivors who have sarcopenia also have excess lifetime risk of non-relapse mortality. Therefore, interventions that increase skeletal muscle mass, metabolism, strength, and function are needed to improve health in AYA HCT survivors. Skeletal muscle is highly reliant on mitochondrial energy production, as reflected by oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) capacity. Exercise is one approach to target skeletal muscle mitochondrial OXPHOS, and in turn improve muscle function and strength. Another approach is to use “exercise enhancers”, such as nicotinamide riboside (NR), a safe and well-tolerated precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a cofactor that in turn impacts muscle energy production. Interventions combining exercise with exercise enhancers like NR hold promise, but have not yet been rigorously tested in AYA HCT survivors. Methods/design We will perform a randomized controlled trial testing 16 weeks of in-home aerobic and resistance exercise and NR in AYA HCT survivors, with a primary outcome of muscle strength via dynamometry and a key secondary outcome of cardiovascular fitness via cardiopulmonary exercise testing. We will also test the effects of these interventions on i) muscle mass via dual energy x-ray absorptiometry; ii) muscle mitochondrial OXPHOS via an innovative non-invasive MRI-based technique, and iii) circulating correlates of NAD+ metabolism via metabolomics. Eighty AYAs (ages 15-30y) will be recruited 6–24 months post-HCT and randomized to 1 of 4 arms: exercise + NR, exercise alone, NR alone, or control. Outcomes will be collected at baseline and after the 16-week intervention. Discussion We expect that exercise with NR will produce larger changes than exercise alone in key outcomes, and that changes will be mediated by increases in muscle OXPHOS. We will apply the insights gained from this trial to develop individualized, evidence-supported precision initiatives that will reduce chronic disease burden in high-risk cancer survivors. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05194397. Registered January 18, 2022, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05194397 {2a}.
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09845-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minkeun Song
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-4319, USA
| | - Saro H Armenian
- Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, 1500, East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010-3000, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, City of Hope, 1500, East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010-3000, USA
| | - Rusha Bhandari
- Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, 1500, East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010-3000, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, City of Hope, 1500, East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010-3000, USA
| | - Kyuwan Lee
- Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, 1500, East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010-3000, USA
| | - Kirsten Ness
- Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105-3678, USA
| | - Mary Putt
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-5156, USA
| | - Lanie Lindenfeld
- Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, 1500, East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010-3000, USA
| | - Saro Manoukian
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, City of Hope, 1500, East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010-3000, USA
| | - Kristin Wade
- Division of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-4319, USA
| | - Anna Dedio
- Division of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-4319, USA
| | - Tati Guzman
- Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, 1500, East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010-3000, USA
| | - Isabella Hampton
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-4319, USA
| | - Kimberly Lin
- Cardiac Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-4319, USA
| | - Joseph Baur
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-5156, USA
| | - Shana McCormack
- Division of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-4319, USA
| | - Sogol Mostoufi-Moab
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-4319, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Damgaard MV, Nielsen TS, Basse AL, Chubanava S, Trost K, Moritz T, Dellinger RW, Larsen S, Treebak JT. Intravenous nicotinamide riboside elevates mouse skeletal muscle NAD+ without impacting respiratory capacity or insulin sensitivity. iScience 2022; 25:103863. [PMID: 35198907 PMCID: PMC8844641 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In clinical trials, oral supplementation with nicotinamide riboside (NR) fails to increase muscle mitochondrial respiratory capacity and insulin sensitivity but also does not increase muscle NAD+ levels. This study tests the feasibility of chronically elevating skeletal muscle NAD+ in mice and investigates the putative effects on mitochondrial respiratory capacity, insulin sensitivity, and gene expression. Accordingly, to improve bioavailability to skeletal muscle, we developed an experimental model for administering NR repeatedly through a jugular vein catheter. Mice on a Western diet were treated with various combinations of NR, pterostilbene (PT), and voluntary wheel running, but the metabolic effects of NR and PT treatment were modest. We conclude that the chronic elevation of skeletal muscle NAD+ by the intravenous injection of NR is possible but does not affect muscle respiratory capacity or insulin sensitivity in either sedentary or physically active mice. Our data have implications for NAD+ precursor supplementation regimens. A model was developed for daily intravenous NR injections Intravenous NR stably elevates NAD+ of skeletal muscle and adipose, but not liver Voluntary running and intravenous NR synergize to boost mouse skeletal muscle NAD+ NR did not impact skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity or respiratory capacity
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mads V. Damgaard
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Thomas S. Nielsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Astrid L. Basse
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Sabina Chubanava
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Kajetan Trost
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Thomas Moritz
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | | | - Steen Larsen
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Jonas T. Treebak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
- Corresponding author
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Campelj D, Philp A. NAD + Therapeutics and Skeletal Muscle Adaptation to Exercise in Humans. Sports Med 2022; 52:91-99. [PMID: 36331703 PMCID: PMC9734213 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-022-01772-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a vital energy intermediate in skeletal muscle. The discovery of dietary-derived NAD+ precursors has led to the rapid development of NAD+ therapeutics designed to manipulate NAD+ content in target tissues. Of those developed, nicotinamide riboside and nicotinamide mononucleotide have been reported to display health benefit in humans under clinical scenarios of NAD+ deficiency. In contrast, relatively little is known regarding the potential benefit of nicotinamide riboside and nicotinamide mononucleotide supplementation in healthy individuals, with questions remaining as to whether NAD+ therapeutics can be used to support training adaptation or improve performance in athletic populations. Examining animal and human nicotinamide riboside supplementation studies, this review discusses current evidence suggesting that NAD+ therapeutics do not alter skeletal muscle metabolism or improve athletic performance in healthy humans. Further, we will highlight potential reasons why nicotinamide riboside supplementation studies do not translate to healthy populations and discuss the futility of testing NAD+ therapeutics outside of the clinical populations where NAD+ deficiency is present.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dean Campelj
- grid.248902.50000 0004 0444 7512Biology of Ageing Laboratory, Centenary Institute, Missenden Road, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW 2050 Australia ,grid.248902.50000 0004 0444 7512Centre for Healthy Ageing, Centenary Institute, Missenden Road, Sydney, NSW Australia ,grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XFaculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Andrew Philp
- grid.248902.50000 0004 0444 7512Biology of Ageing Laboratory, Centenary Institute, Missenden Road, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW 2050 Australia ,grid.248902.50000 0004 0444 7512Centre for Healthy Ageing, Centenary Institute, Missenden Road, Sydney, NSW Australia ,grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XFaculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia ,grid.117476.20000 0004 1936 7611Faculty of Health, School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liao B, Zhao Y, Wang D, Zhang X, Hao X, Hu M. Nicotinamide mononucleotide supplementation enhances aerobic capacity in amateur runners: a randomized, double-blind study. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2021; 18:54. [PMID: 34238308 PMCID: PMC8265078 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-021-00442-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies in rodents indicate that a combination of exercise training and supplementation with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) precursors has synergistic effects. However, there are currently no human clinical trials analyzing this. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the effects of a combination of exercise training and supplementation with nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), the immediate precursor of NAD+, on cardiovascular fitness in healthy amateur runners. METHODS A six-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, four-arm clinical trial including 48 young and middle-aged recreationally trained runners of the Guangzhou Pearl River running team was conducted. The participants were randomized into four groups: the low dosage group (300 mg/day NMN), the medium dosage group (600 mg/day NMN), the high dosage group (1200 mg/day NMN), and the control group (placebo). Each group consisted of ten male participants and two female participants. Each training session was 40-60 min, and the runners trained 5-6 times each week. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing was performed at baseline and after the intervention, at 6 weeks, to assess the aerobic capacity of the runners. RESULTS Analysis of covariance of the change from baseline over the 6 week treatment showed that the oxygen uptake (VO2), percentages of maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max), power at first ventilatory threshold, and power at second ventilatory threshold increased to a higher degree in the medium and high dosage groups compared with the control group. However, there was no difference in VO2max, O2-pulse, VO2 related to work rate, and peak power after the 6 week treatment from baseline in any of these groups. CONCLUSION NMN increases the aerobic capacity of humans during exercise training, and the improvement is likely the result of enhanced O2 utilization of the skeletal muscle. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ChiCTR2000035138 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bagen Liao
- Department of Sports Medicine, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, 510150, China.
| | - Yunlong Zhao
- Guangdong Physical Fitness and Health Management Association, Guangzhou, 510310, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, 510150, China.,Guangdong Physical Fitness and Health Management Association, Guangzhou, 510310, China
| | - Xiaowen Zhang
- Guangzhou Institute of Sports Science, Guangzhou, 510620, China
| | - Xuanming Hao
- South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Diaz-Vegas A, Sanchez-Aguilera P, Krycer JR, Morales PE, Monsalves-Alvarez M, Cifuentes M, Rothermel BA, Lavandero S. Is Mitochondrial Dysfunction a Common Root of Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases? Endocr Rev 2020; 41:5807952. [PMID: 32179913 PMCID: PMC7255501 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnaa005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial damage is implicated as a major contributing factor for a number of noncommunicable chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, obesity, and insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes. Here, we discuss the role of mitochondria in maintaining cellular and whole-organism homeostasis, the mechanisms that promote mitochondrial dysfunction, and the role of this phenomenon in noncommunicable chronic diseases. We also review the state of the art regarding the preclinical evidence associated with the regulation of mitochondrial function and the development of current mitochondria-targeted therapeutics to treat noncommunicable chronic diseases. Finally, we give an integrated vision of how mitochondrial damage is implicated in these metabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Diaz-Vegas
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Pablo Sanchez-Aguilera
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - James R Krycer
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Pablo E Morales
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Matías Monsalves-Alvarez
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mariana Cifuentes
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Studies of Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Beverly A Rothermel
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology Division), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology Division), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.,Center for Studies of Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tsuboshima K, Urakawa S, Takamoto K, Taguchi T, Matsuda T, Sakai S, Mizumura K, Ono T, Nishijo H. Distinct effects of thermal treatments after lengthening contraction on mechanical hyperalgesia and exercise-induced physiological changes in rat muscle. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2020; 128:296-306. [PMID: 31999528 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00355.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is a common but displeasing event induced by excessive muscle use or unaccustomed exercise and characterized by tenderness and movement-related pain in the exercised muscle. Thermal therapies, either icing or heating applied to muscles immediately after exercise, have been used as therapeutic interventions for DOMS. However, the mechanisms of their analgesic effects, and physiological and metabolic changes in the muscle during thermal therapy, remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effects of both thermal treatments on mechanical hyperalgesia of DOMS and physiological and muscle metabolite changes using the rat DOMS model induced by lengthening contraction (LC) to the gastrocnemius muscle. Heating treatment just after LC induced analgesic effects, while rats with icing treatment showed mechanical hyperalgesia similar to that of the LC group. Furthermore, increased physiological responses (e.g., muscle temperature and blood flow) following the LC were significantly kept high only in the rats with heating treatment. In addition, heating treatment increased metabolites involved in the improvement of blood flow and oxidative metabolisms in the exercised muscle. The results indicated that heating treatment just after LC has analgesic effects on DOMS, which might be mediated partly through the improvement of muscle oxidative metabolisms by changes in metabolites and elevated physiological responses.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Physiological effects of thermal therapy in the muscle and its mechanisms of analgesic effects remain unclear. The results indicated that heating, but not icing, treatment just after lengthening contractions induced analgesic effects in the rat muscle. Increases in hemodynamics, muscle temperature, and metabolites such as nicotinamide were more prominent in heating treatment, consistent with improvement of muscle oxidative metabolisms, which might reduce chemical factors to induce mechanical hyperalgesia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katsuyuki Tsuboshima
- Department of System Emotional Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Susumu Urakawa
- Department of System Emotional Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.,Department of Musculoskeletal Functional Research and Regeneration, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kouichi Takamoto
- Department of System Emotional Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Toru Taguchi
- Department of System Emotional Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.,Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Teru Matsuda
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Shigekazu Sakai
- Department of System Emotional Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kazue Mizumura
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Taketoshi Ono
- Department of System Emotional Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hisao Nishijo
- Department of System Emotional Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|