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Ciumas C, Rheims S, Ryvlin P. fMRI studies evaluating central respiratory control in humans. Front Neural Circuits 2022; 16:982963. [PMID: 36213203 PMCID: PMC9537466 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2022.982963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A plethora of neural centers in the central nervous system control the fundamental respiratory pattern. This control is ensured by neurons that act as pacemakers, modulating activity through chemical control driven by changes in the O2/CO2 balance. Most of the respiratory neural centers are located in the brainstem, but difficult to localize on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) due to their small size, lack of visually-detectable borders with neighboring areas, and significant physiological noise hampering detection of its activity with functional MRI (fMRI). Yet, several approaches make it possible to study the normal response to different abnormal stimuli or conditions such as CO2 inhalation, induced hypercapnia, volitional apnea, induced hypoxia etc. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the majority of available studies on central respiratory control in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Ciumas
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1028/CNRS UMR 5292 Lyon 1 University, Bron, France
- IDEE Epilepsy Institute, Lyon, France
- *Correspondence: Carolina Ciumas
| | - Sylvain Rheims
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1028/CNRS UMR 5292 Lyon 1 University, Bron, France
- IDEE Epilepsy Institute, Lyon, France
- Department of Functional Neurology and Epileptology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Ryvlin
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Abdalmalak A, Novi SL, Kazazian K, Norton L, Benaglia T, Slessarev M, Debicki DB, Lawrence KS, Mesquita RC, Owen AM. Effects of Systemic Physiology on Mapping Resting-State Networks Using Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:803297. [PMID: 35350556 PMCID: PMC8957952 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.803297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) has gained popularity mainly due to its simplicity and potential for providing insights into various brain disorders. In this vein, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is an attractive choice due to its portability, flexibility, and low cost, allowing for bedside imaging of brain function. While promising, fNIRS suffers from non-neural signal contaminations (i.e., systemic physiological noise), which can increase correlation across fNIRS channels, leading to spurious rsFC networks. In the present work, we hypothesized that additional measurements with short channels, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, and end-tidal CO2 could provide a better understanding of the effects of systemic physiology on fNIRS-based resting-state networks. To test our hypothesis, we acquired 12 min of resting-state data from 10 healthy participants. Unlike previous studies, we investigated the efficacy of different pre-processing approaches in extracting resting-state networks. Our results are in agreement with previous studies and reinforce the fact that systemic physiology can overestimate rsFC. We expanded on previous work by showing that removal of systemic physiology decreases intra- and inter-subject variability, increasing the ability to detect neural changes in rsFC across groups and over longitudinal studies. Our results show that by removing systemic physiology, fNIRS can reproduce resting-state networks often reported with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Finally, the present work details the effects of systemic physiology and outlines how to remove (or at least ameliorate) their contributions to fNIRS signals acquired at rest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Androu Abdalmalak
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Brain and Mind Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Androu Abdalmalak,
| | - Sergio L. Novi
- “Gleb Wataghin” Institute of Physics, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Androu Abdalmalak,
| | - Karnig Kazazian
- Brain and Mind Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Loretta Norton
- Department of Psychology, King’s University College at Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Tatiana Benaglia
- Institute of Mathematics, Statistics and Scientific Computing, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marat Slessarev
- Clinical Neurological Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Derek B. Debicki
- Brain and Mind Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Clinical Neurological Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Keith St. Lawrence
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Rickson C. Mesquita
- “Gleb Wataghin” Institute of Physics, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Adrian M. Owen
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Brain and Mind Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
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