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Peng TL, Syazwan SA, Hamdan RH, Najwa NS, Ramli MF, Harshiny N, Ishak IH. Virulence and proteomic responses of Metarhizium anisopliae against Aedes albopictus larvae. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 203:105982. [PMID: 39084787 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
The tropical climate in Malaysia provides an ideal environment for the rapid proliferation of Aedes mosquitoes, notably Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, prominent vectors of dengue fever. Alarmingly, these species are increasingly developing resistance to conventional pesticides. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Metarhizium anisopliae isolate HSAH5 spores, specifically on conidia (CO) and blastospores (BL), against Ae. albopictus larvae. The study centered on evaluating their pathogenic effects and the resultant changes in protein expression. Spore suspensions with varying concentrations were prepared for larvicidal bioassays, and protein expressions were analysed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Subsequently, protein annotation and network analysis were conducted to elucidate infection mechanisms and the proteomic response. Based on the lethal concentrations and time frames, CO exhibited faster larval mortality than BL at lower concentrations. Despite this, both spore types demonstrated comparable overall pathogenic effects. Results from the proteomic profiling revealed 150 proteins with varied expressions following exposure to Ae. albopictus extract, shedding light on distinct infection strategies between the spores. Gene Ontology enrichment and network analysis illustrated the diverse metabolic adaptations of M. anisopliae and interactions with mosquito larvae. This highlighted the complexity of host-pathogen dynamics and the significance of biosynthetic processes, energy storage, and cellular interaction pathways in disease progression. The BL network, consisting 80 proteins and 74 connections, demonstrates the intricate fungal mechanisms triggered by host stimuli. Conversely, the CO network, though smaller, displayed notable interconnectivity and concentrated involvement at the cell periphery, suggesting a deliberate strategy for initial host contact. This study offers valuable insights into proteome dynamics of M. anisopliae's BL and CO for managing mosquito populations and combating disease transmission, thereby significantly advancing public health and environmental conservation efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Li Peng
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Pengkalan Chepa, 16100 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Samsuddin Ahmad Syazwan
- Mycology and Pathology Branch, Forest Biodiversity Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, 52109 Kepong, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Forest Science and Biodiversity, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ruhil Hayati Hamdan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Pengkalan Chepa, 16100 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nurainun Sofea Najwa
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Pengkalan Chepa, 16100 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Fahmi Ramli
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Pengkalan Chepa, 16100 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nalliah Harshiny
- Mycology and Pathology Branch, Forest Biodiversity Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, 52109 Kepong, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Forest Science and Biodiversity, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Intan Haslina Ishak
- School of Biological Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Persiaran Sains, 11800 Gelugor, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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Zhang BX, Liu FF, Liu F, Sun YX, Rao XJ. Dual RNA Sequencing of Beauveria bassiana-Infected Spodoptera frugiperda Reveals a Fungal Protease with Entomopathogenic and Antiphytopathogenic Activities. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:12757-12774. [PMID: 37602431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Insect pests and phytopathogens significantly impact crop yield and quality. The fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda and the phytopathogen Fusarium graminearum cause substantial economic losses in crops like barley and wheat. However, the entomopathogen Beauveria bassiana shows limited efficacy against FAW, and its antiphytopathogenic activities against F. graminearum remain unclear. Here, dual RNA sequencing was performed to identify differentially expressed genes in B. bassiana-infected FAW larvae. We found that the BbAorsin gene was significantly upregulated at 36 and 48 h post-infection. BbAorsin encodes a serine-carboxyl protease and is mainly expressed in blastospores and hyphae. Overexpression of BbAorsin in B. bassiana ARSEF2860 enhanced virulence against Galleria mellonella and FAW larvae and inhibited F. graminearum growth. The recombinant BbAorsin protein induced apoptosis and necrosis in FAW hemocytes and inhibited F. graminearum spore germination. These findings shed light on transcriptomic mechanisms governing insect-pathogen interactions, which could aid in developing dual-functional entomopathogens and anti-phytopathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bang-Xian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei 230036, China
- Department of Scientific Research, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China
| | - Fang-Fang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yan-Xia Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiang-Jun Rao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Sustainable Management of Plant Diseases and Pests of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei 230036, China
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Rong Lee M, Kim JC, Eun Park S, Kim WJ, Su Kim J. Detection of Viral Genes in Metarhizium anisopliae JEF-290-infected longhorned tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis using transcriptome analysis. J Invertebr Pathol 2023; 198:107926. [PMID: 37087092 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2023.107926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Ticks are carriers of viruses that can cause disease in humans and animals. The longhorned ticks (Haemaphysalis longicornis; LHT), for example, mediates the severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) in humans, and the population of ticks is growing due to increases in temperature caused by climate change. As ticks carry primarily RNA viruses, there is a need to study the possibility of detecting new viruses through tick virome analysis. In this study, viruses in LHTs collected in Korea were investigated and virus titers in ticks exposed to the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae JEF-290 were analyzed. Total RNA was extracted from the collected ticks, and short reads were obtained from Illumina sequencing. A total of 50,024 contigs with coding capacity were obtained after de novo assembly of the reads in the metaSPAdes genome assembler. A series of BLAST-based analyses using the GenBank database was performed to screen viral contigs, and three putative virus species were identified from the tick meta-transcriptome, such as Alongshan virus (ALSV), Denso virus and Taggert virus. Measurements of virus-expression levels of infected and non-infected LHTs failed to detect substantial differences in expression levels. However, we suggest that LHT can spread not only SFTSV, but also various other disease-causing viruses over large areas of the world. From the phylogenetic analysis of ALSV glycoproteins, genetic differences in the ALSV could be due to host differences as well as regional differences. Viral metagenome analysis can be used as a tool to manage future outbreaks of disease caused by ticks by detecting unknown viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Rong Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biology, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54596, Korea
| | - Jong-Cheol Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biology, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54596, Korea
| | - So Eun Park
- Department of Agricultural Biology, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54596, Korea
| | | | - Jae Su Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biology, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54596, Korea; Department of Agricultural Convergence Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54596, Republic of Korea.
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Zou D, Chang J, Lu S, Xu J, Hu P, Zhang K, Sun X, Guo W, Li Y, Liu Z, Ren H. Analysis of virulence proteins in pathogenic Acinetobacter baumannii to provide early warning of zoonotic risk. Microbiol Res 2023; 266:127222. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Delivery and effectiveness of entomopathogenic fungi for mosquito and tick control: current knowledge and research challenges. Acta Trop 2022; 234:106627. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Im Y, Park SE, Lee SY, Kim JC, Kim JS. Early-Stage Defense Mechanism of the Cotton Aphid Aphis gossypii Against Infection With the Insect-Killing Fungus Beauveria bassiana JEF-544. Front Immunol 2022; 13:907088. [PMID: 35720408 PMCID: PMC9201107 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.907088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aphis gossypii, commonly known as the cotton aphid, is a widely distributed pest of agricultural crops and acts as a vector for many serious plant viruses. Cotton aphid shows high resistance to chemical insecticides due to rapid rates of genetic diversity as a result of its short life cycle, seasonal migration, and host alteration. As an alternative, entomopathogenic fungi can be used to control cotton aphids in an environmentally sound manner. However, little is known about how cotton aphids respond to fungal infection. In this work, a new Beauveria bassiana strain JEF-544 (Bb JEF-544) was selected and isolated through bioassays with high virulence against cotton aphid. Early response of cotton aphid to Bb JEF-544 infection was analyzed at the transcriptome level. Infected aphids were collected two days after treatment at 25% lethal time (LT25), and total RNA of non-infected and Bb JEF-544-infected aphids was independently subjected to sequencing. Infected aphids showed significant up-regulation of the insect hormone biosynthesis pathway. Bursicon (Burs) and crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP) receptors involved in molting along with ecdysone synthesis were also strongly up-regulated in the aphid response to the fungal infection. In the immune response, melanization in the hemocoel was significantly up-regulated, while phagocytosis was less actively transcribed. In conclusion, cotton aphids protect themselves from Bb JEF-544 infection by activating the immune response including melanization and insect molting hormones to shed infected cuticles. In addition to describing the initial stages of Bb JEF-544 infection at the transcriptome level, this work provides potential treatment targets and insight into how fungal isolates can effectively be used to control this serious aphid species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeram Im
- Department of Agricultural Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - So-Eun Park
- Department of Agricultural Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Sue Yeon Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Jong-Cheol Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Jae Su Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
- Department of Agricultural Convergence Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
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The current strategies and underlying mechanisms in the control of the vector tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis: Implications for future integrated management. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2022; 13:101905. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2022.101905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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