A New Biomarker Tool for Risk Stratification in “de novo” Acute Heart Failure (OROME)

Association between omentin-1 and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in Chinese elderly patients

BACKGROUND

Omentin-1 is a novel adipokine and is associated with chronic inflammation and cardiovascular diseases. However, it remains unclear whether omentin-1 levels are associated with diagnostic significance in elderly patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). This study aimed to investigate the correlation between omentin-1 and HFpEF in Chinese elderly patients.

HYPOTHESIS

Omentin-1 may be invovled in HFpEF and there may be a difference of omentin-1 levels between HFpEF and control.

METHODS

217 subjects were selected, including 115 patients with HFpEF and 102 control subjects. Enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect plasma levels of omentin-1, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was used to examine the diagnostic performance of omentin-1 in HFpEF.

RESULTS

The levels of omentin-1 decreased significantly in the HFpEF group (14.02 ± 8.35 vs. 19.74 ± 8.45 ng/mL, p < .001), while NT-proBNP, IL-6, and TNF-α levels were significantly increased in the HFpEF group compared with the control group. Spearman correlation analysis showed that omentin-1 levels were negatively correlated with E/e' (r = -.340, p < .001). The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that omentin-1 was an independent protective factor for HFpEF (odd ratio = 0.948, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.905-0.993, p = .025). Omentin-1 levels were negatively correlated with NT-proBNP (r = -.273, p < .001) and TNF-α (r = -.221, p = .001). Diagnostic efficiency by ROC curve analysis in the patients with HFpEF showed that the area under the curve (AUC) for omentin-1 was equivalent to NT-proBNP (AUC: 0.734, 95%CI 0.667-0.802; AUC: 0.800, 95%CI 0.738-0.861). Subgroup analysis showed that in the patients between the age of 70 and 80, the predictive capability of omentin-1 was stronger than NT-proBNP (AUC: 0.809, 95%CI 0.680-0.937; AUC: 0.674, 95%CI 0.514-0.833).

CONCLUSIONS

Omentin-1 levels which were associated with inflammation, were decreased in the HFpEF patients. It could be regarded as a valuable biomarker for the occurrence and development of HFpEF in elderly patients.

Omentin1 ameliorates myocardial ischemia-induced heart failure via SIRT3/FOXO3a-dependent mitochondrial dynamical homeostasis and mitophagy

Background

Adipose tissue-derived adipokines are involved in various crosstalk between adipose tissue and other organs. Omentin1, a novel adipokine, exerts vital roles in the maintenance of body metabolism, insulin resistance and the like. However, the protective effect of omentin1 in myocardial ischemia (MI)-induced heart failure (HF) and its specific mechanism remains unclear and to be elucidated.

Methods

The model of MI-induced HF mice and oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD)-injured cardiomyocytes were performed. Mice with overexpression of omentin1 were constructed by a fat-specific adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector system.

Results

We demonstrated that circulating omentin1 level diminished in HF patients compared with healthy subjects. Furthermore, the fat-specific overexpression of omentin1 ameliorated cardiac function, cardiac hypertrophy, infarct size and cardiac pathological features, and also enhanced SIRT3/FOXO3a signaling in HF mice. Additionally, administration with AAV-omentin1 increased mitochondrial fusion and decreased mitochondrial fission in HF mice, as evidenced by up-regulated expression of Mfn2 and OPA1, and downregulation of p-Drp1(Ser616). Then, it also promoted PINK1/Parkin-dependent mitophagy. Simultaneously, treatment with recombinant omentin1 strengthened OGD-injured cardiomyocyte viability, restrained LDH release, and enhanced the mitochondrial accumulation of SIRT3 and nucleus transduction of FOXO3a. Besides, omentin1 also ameliorated unbalanced mitochondrial fusion-fission dynamics and activated mitophagy, thereby, improving the damaged mitochondria morphology and controlling mitochondrial quality in OGD-injured cardiomyocytes. Interestingly, SIRT3 played an important role in the improvement effects of omentin1 on mitochondrial function, unbalanced mitochondrial fusion-fission dynamics and mitophagy.

Conclusion

Omentin1 improves MI-induced HF and myocardial injury by maintaining mitochondrial dynamical homeostasis and activating mitophagy via upregulation of SIRT3/FOXO3a signaling. This study provides evidence for further application of omentin1 in cardiovascular diseases from the perspective of crosstalk between heart and adipose tissue.

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-022-03642-x.