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Ilan Y. Variability in exercise is linked to improved age-related dysfunctions: A potential role for the constrained-disorder principle-based second-generation artificial intelligence system. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3671709. [PMID: 38196652 PMCID: PMC10775380 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3671709/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Objective: Regular physical activity (PA) promotes mental and physical health. Nevertheless, inactivity is a worldwide pandemic, and methods to augment exercise benefits are required. The constrained disorder principle (CDP) characterizes biological systems based on their inherent variability. We aimed to investigate the association between intra-individual variability in PA and disability among non-athlete adults. Methods: In this retrospective analysis of the longitudinal SHARE survey, we included non-disabled adults aged >50 with at least six visits over 14 years. Self-reported PA frequency was documented bi- to triennially. Low PA intensity was defined as vigorous PA frequency less than once a week. Stable PA was described as an unchanged PA intensity in all consecutive middle observations. The primary outcome was defined as a physical limitation in everyday activities at the end of the survey. Secondary outcomes were cognitive functions, including short-term memory, long-term memory, and verbal fluency. Results: The study included 2,049 non-disabled adults with a mean age of 53 and 49.1% women. In the initially high PA intensity group, variability in PA was associated with increased physical disability prevalence (23.3% vs. 33.2%, stable vs. unstable PA ; P<0.01; adjusted P<0.01). In the initially low PA intensity group, variability was associated with a reduced physical disability (45.6% vs. 33.3%, stable vs. unstable PA ; P=0.02; adjusted P=0.03). There were no statistically significant differences in cognitive parameters between the groups. Among individuals with the same low PA intensity at the beginning and end of follow-up, variability was associated with reduced physical disability (56.9% vs. 36.5%, stable vs. unstable PA ; P=0.02; adjusted P=0.04) and improved short-term memory (score change: -0.28 vs. +0.29, stable vs. unstable PA ; P=0.05). Conclusion: Incorporating variability into PA regimens of inactive adults may enhance their physical and cognitive benefits.
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Seki Y, Aczel D, Torma F, Jokai M, Boros A, Suzuki K, Higuchi M, Tanisawa K, Boldogh I, Horvath S, Radak Z. No strong association among epigenetic modifications by DNA methylation, telomere length, and physical fitness in biological aging. Biogerontology 2023; 24:245-255. [PMID: 36592269 PMCID: PMC10006047 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-022-10011-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is greatly accelerated by telomere shortening, and the steps forward in human aging are strongly influenced by environmental and lifestyle factors, whether DNA methylation (DNAm) is affected by exercise training, remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the relationships between physiological functions, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), vertical jump, working memory, telomere length (TL) assessed by RT-PCR, DNA methylation-based estimation of TL (DNAmTL), and DNA methylation-based biomarkers of aging of master rowers (N = 146) and sedentary subjects (N = 95), aged between 37 and 85 years. It was found that the TL inversely correlated with chronological age. We could not detect an association between telomere length and VO2max, vertical jump, and working memory by RT-PCR method, while these physiological test results showed a correlation with DNAmTL. DNAmGrimAge and DNAmPhenoAge acceleration were inversely associated with telomere length assessed by both methods. It appears that there are no strong beneficial effects of exercise or physiological fitness on telomere shortening, however, the degree of DNA methylation is associated with telomere length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Seki
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, 2-579-15, Japan
| | - Dora Aczel
- Research Institute of Sport Science, Hungarian University of Sport Science, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Torma
- Research Institute of Sport Science, Hungarian University of Sport Science, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Matyas Jokai
- Research Institute of Sport Science, Hungarian University of Sport Science, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anita Boros
- Research Institute of Sport Science, Hungarian University of Sport Science, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katsuhiko Suzuki
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, 2-579-15, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Higuchi
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, 2-579-15, Japan
| | - Kumpei Tanisawa
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, 2-579-15, Japan
| | - Istvan Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Steve Horvath
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Zsolt Radak
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, 2-579-15, Japan.
- Research Institute of Sport Science, Hungarian University of Sport Science, Budapest, Hungary.
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