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Guguin J, Chen TY, Cuinat S, Besson A, Bertiaux E, Boutaud L, Ardito N, Imaz Murguiondo M, Cabet S, Hamel V, Thomas S, Pain B, Edery P, Putoux A, Tang TK, Mazoyer S, Delous M. A Taybi-Linder syndrome-related RTTN variant impedes neural rosette formation in human cortical organoids. PLoS Genet 2024; 20:e1011517. [PMID: 39680576 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1011517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 11/27/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Taybi-Linder syndrome (TALS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by severe microcephaly with abnormal gyral pattern, severe growth retardation and bone abnormalities. It is caused by pathogenic variants in the RNU4ATAC gene. Its transcript, the small nuclear RNA U4atac, is involved in the excision of ~850 minor introns. Here, we report a patient presenting with TALS features but no pathogenic variants were found in RNU4ATAC, instead the homozygous RTTN c.2953A>G variant was detected by whole-exome sequencing. After deciphering the impact of the variant on the RTTN protein function at centrosome in engineered RTTN-depleted RPE1 cells and patient fibroblasts, we analysed neuronal stem cells (NSC) derived from CRISPR/Cas9-edited induced pluripotent stem cells and revealed major cell cycle and mitotic abnormalities, leading to aneuploidy, cell cycle arrest and cell death. In cortical organoids, we discovered an additional function of RTTN in the self-organisation of NSC into neural rosettes, by observing delayed apico-basal polarization of NSC. Altogether, these defects resulted to a marked delay of rosette formation in RTTN-mutated organoids, thus impeding their overall growth and shedding light on mechanisms leading to microcephaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Guguin
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon CRNL U1028 UMR5292, GENDEV, Bron, France
| | - Ting-Yu Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Silvestre Cuinat
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon CRNL U1028 UMR5292, GENDEV, Bron, France
| | - Alicia Besson
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon CRNL U1028 UMR5292, GENDEV, Bron, France
| | - Eloïse Bertiaux
- University of Geneva, Molecular and Cellular biology department, Sciences faculty, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lucile Boutaud
- INSERM UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Nolan Ardito
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon CRNL U1028 UMR5292, GENDEV, Bron, France
| | | | - Sara Cabet
- Service d'imagerie Pédiatrique et Fœtale, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
- CNRS, Inserm, Physiopathologie et Génétique du Neurone et du Muscle, Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Virginie Hamel
- University of Geneva, Molecular and Cellular biology department, Sciences faculty, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Thomas
- INSERM UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Bertrand Pain
- University of Lyon, Université de Lyon 1, INSERM, INRAE, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute, U1208, USC1361, Bron, France
| | - Patrick Edery
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon CRNL U1028 UMR5292, GENDEV, Bron, France
- Unité de génétique clinique et Centre de référence labellisé des Anomalies du Développement Sud-Est, Département de génétique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Audrey Putoux
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon CRNL U1028 UMR5292, GENDEV, Bron, France
- Unité de génétique clinique et Centre de référence labellisé des Anomalies du Développement Sud-Est, Département de génétique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Tang K Tang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sylvie Mazoyer
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon CRNL U1028 UMR5292, GENDEV, Bron, France
| | - Marion Delous
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon CRNL U1028 UMR5292, GENDEV, Bron, France
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2
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Fitzsimons LA, Staurengo-Ferrari L, Khomula EV, Bogen O, Araldi D, Bonet IJM, Green PG, Jordan EE, Sclafani F, Nowak CE, Moulton JK, Ganter GK, Levine JD, Tucker KL. The Nociceptor Primary Cilium Contributes to Mechanical Nociceptive Threshold and Inflammatory and Neuropathic Pain. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1265242024. [PMID: 39349056 PMCID: PMC11580782 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1265-24.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The primary cilium, a single microtubule-based organelle protruding from the cell surface and critical for neural development, also functions in adult neurons. While some dorsal root ganglion neurons elaborate a primary cilium, whether it is expressed by and functional in nociceptors is unknown. Recent studies have shown the role of Hedgehog, whose canonical signaling is primary cilium dependent, in nociceptor sensitization. We establish the presence of primary cilia in soma of rat nociceptors, where they contribute to mechanical threshold, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)-induced hyperalgesia, and chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain (CIPN). Intrathecal administration of siRNA targeting Ift88, a primary cilium-specific intraflagellar transport (IFT) protein required for ciliary integrity, resulted in attenuation of Ift88 mRNA and nociceptor primary cilia. Attenuation of primary cilia was associated with an increase in mechanical nociceptive threshold in vivo and decrease in nociceptor excitability in vitro, abrogation of hyperalgesia, and nociceptor sensitization induced by both a prototypical pronociceptive inflammatory mediator PGE2 and paclitaxel CIPN, in a sex-specific fashion. siRNA targeting Ift52, another IFT protein, and knockdown of NompB, the Drosophila Ift88 ortholog, also abrogated CIPN and reduced baseline mechanosensitivity, respectively, providing independent confirmation for primary cilia control of nociceptor function. Hedgehog-induced hyperalgesia is attenuated by Ift88 siRNA, supporting the role for primary cilia in Hedgehog-induced hyperalgesia. Attenuation of CIPN by cyclopamine (intradermal and intraganglion), which inhibits Hedgehog signaling, supports the role of Hedgehog in CIPN. Our findings support the role of the nociceptor primary cilium in control of mechanical nociceptive threshold and inflammatory and neuropathic pain, the latter Hedgehog-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey A Fitzsimons
- Deparment of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of New England, Biddeford, Maine 04005
- Center for Excellence in the Neurosciences, University of New England, Biddeford, Maine 04005
| | - Larissa Staurengo-Ferrari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco 94115
| | - Eugen V Khomula
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco 94115
| | - Oliver Bogen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco 94115
| | - Dionéia Araldi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco 94115
| | - Ivan J M Bonet
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco 94115
| | - Paul G Green
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco 94115
- Department of Preventative and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco 94115
| | - Ethan E Jordan
- Deparment of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of New England, Biddeford, Maine 04005
- Center for Excellence in the Neurosciences, University of New England, Biddeford, Maine 04005
| | - Finn Sclafani
- Center for Excellence in the Neurosciences, University of New England, Biddeford, Maine 04005
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of New England, Biddeford, Maine 04005
| | - Connor E Nowak
- Center for Excellence in the Neurosciences, University of New England, Biddeford, Maine 04005
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of New England, Biddeford, Maine 04005
| | - Julie K Moulton
- Center for Excellence in the Neurosciences, University of New England, Biddeford, Maine 04005
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of New England, Biddeford, Maine 04005
| | - Geoffrey K Ganter
- Center for Excellence in the Neurosciences, University of New England, Biddeford, Maine 04005
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of New England, Biddeford, Maine 04005
| | - Jon D Levine
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco 94115
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco 94115
| | - Kerry L Tucker
- Deparment of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of New England, Biddeford, Maine 04005
- Center for Excellence in the Neurosciences, University of New England, Biddeford, Maine 04005
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3
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Hilgendorf KI, Myers BR, Reiter JF. Emerging mechanistic understanding of cilia function in cellular signalling. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2024; 25:555-573. [PMID: 38366037 PMCID: PMC11199107 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-023-00698-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Primary cilia are solitary, immotile sensory organelles present on most cells in the body that participate broadly in human health, physiology and disease. Cilia generate a unique environment for signal transduction with tight control of protein, lipid and second messenger concentrations within a relatively small compartment, enabling reception, transmission and integration of biological information. In this Review, we discuss how cilia function as signalling hubs in cell-cell communication using three signalling pathways as examples: ciliary G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway and polycystin ion channels. We review how defects in these ciliary signalling pathways lead to a heterogeneous group of conditions known as 'ciliopathies', including metabolic syndromes, birth defects and polycystic kidney disease. Emerging understanding of these pathways' transduction mechanisms reveals common themes between these cilia-based signalling pathways that may apply to other pathways as well. These mechanistic insights reveal how cilia orchestrate normal and pathophysiological signalling outputs broadly throughout human biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren I Hilgendorf
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - Benjamin R Myers
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - Jeremy F Reiter
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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4
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Ober VT, Githure GB, Volpato Santos Y, Becker S, Moya Munoz G, Basquin J, Schwede F, Lorentzen E, Boshart M. Purine nucleosides replace cAMP in allosteric regulation of PKA in trypanosomatid pathogens. eLife 2024; 12:RP91040. [PMID: 38517938 PMCID: PMC10959531 DOI: 10.7554/elife.91040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide binding domains (CNB) confer allosteric regulation by cAMP or cGMP to many signaling proteins, including PKA and PKG. PKA of phylogenetically distant Trypanosoma is the first exception as it is cyclic nucleotide-independent and responsive to nucleoside analogues (Bachmaier et al., 2019). Here, we show that natural nucleosides inosine, guanosine and adenosine are nanomolar affinity CNB ligands and activators of PKA orthologs of the important tropical pathogens Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi, and Leishmania. The sequence and structural determinants of binding affinity, -specificity and kinase activation of PKAR were established by structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis, co-crystal structures and mutagenesis. Substitution of two to three amino acids in the binding sites is sufficient for conversion of CNB domains from nucleoside to cyclic nucleotide specificity. In addition, a trypanosomatid-specific C-terminal helix (αD) is required for high affinity binding to CNB-B. The αD helix functions as a lid of the binding site that shields ligands from solvent. Selectivity of guanosine for CNB-B and of adenosine for CNB-A results in synergistic kinase activation at low nanomolar concentration. PKA pulldown from rapid lysis establishes guanosine as the predominant ligand in vivo in T. brucei bloodstream forms, whereas guanosine and adenosine seem to synergize in the procyclic developmental stage in the insect vector. We discuss the versatile use of CNB domains in evolution and recruitment of PKA for novel nucleoside-mediated signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Teresa Ober
- Faculty of Biology, Genetics, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich (LMU)MartinsriedGermany
| | | | - Yuri Volpato Santos
- Faculty of Biology, Genetics, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich (LMU)MartinsriedGermany
| | - Sidney Becker
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyDortmundGermany
- TU Dortmund, Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyDortmundGermany
| | - Gabriel Moya Munoz
- Faculty of Biology, Genetics, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich (LMU)MartinsriedGermany
| | | | - Frank Schwede
- BIOLOG Life Science Institute GmbH & Co KGBremenGermany
| | - Esben Lorentzen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - Michael Boshart
- Faculty of Biology, Genetics, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich (LMU)MartinsriedGermany
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5
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Fitzsimons LA, Staurengo-Ferrari L, Bogen O, Araldi D, Bonet IJM, Jordan EE, Levine JD, Tucker KL. The Primary Cilium and its Hedgehog Signaling in Nociceptors Contribute to Inflammatory and Neuropathic Pain. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3812442. [PMID: 38464172 PMCID: PMC10925437 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3812442/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The primary cilium, a 1-3 μm long hair-like structure protruding from the surface of almost all cells in the vertebrate body, is critical for neuronal development and also functions in the adult. As the migratory neural crest settles into dorsal root ganglia (DRG) sensory neurons elaborate a single primary cilium at their soma that is maintained into adult stages. While it is not known if primary cilia are expressed in nociceptors, or their potential function in the mature DRG neuron, recent studies have shown a role for Hedgehog, whose signaling demonstrates a dependence on primary cilia, in nociceptor sensitization. Here we report the expression of primary cilia in rat and mouse nociceptors, where they modulate mechanical nociceptive threshold, and contribute to inflammatory and neuropathic pain. When siRNA targeting Ift88, a primary cilium-specific intraflagellar transport (IFT) protein required for ciliary integrity, was administered by intrathecal injection, in the rat, it resulted in loss of Ift88 mRNA in DRG, and primary cilia in neuronal cell bodies, which was associated with an increase in mechanical nociceptive threshold, and abrogation of hyperalgesia induced by the pronociceptive inflammatory mediator, prostaglandin E2, and painful peripheral neuropathy induced by a neurotoxic chemotherapy drug, paclitaxel. To provide further support for the role of the primary cilium in nociceptor function we also administered siRNA for another IFT protein, Ift52. Ift52 siRNA results in loss of Ift52 in DRG and abrogates paclitaxel-induced painful peripheral neuropathy. Attenuation of Hedgehog-induced hyperalgesia by Ift88 knockdown supports a role for the primary cilium in the hyperalgesia induced by Hedgehog, and attenuation of paclitaxel chemotherapy-induced neuropathy (CIPN) by cyclopamine, which attenuates Hedgehog signaling, suggests a role of Hedgehog in CIPN. Our findings support a role of nociceptor primary cilia in the control of mechanical nociceptive threshold and in inflammatory and neuropathic pain, the latter, at least in part, Hedgehog dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey A. Fitzsimons
- Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, United States
- Center for Excellence in the Neurosciences, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, United States
| | - Larissa Staurengo-Ferrari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Oliver Bogen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Dioneia Araldi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Ivan J. M. Bonet
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Ethan E. Jordan
- Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, United States
- Center for Excellence in the Neurosciences, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, United States
| | - Jon D. Levine
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, UCSF Pain and Addiction Research Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Kerry L. Tucker
- Dept. of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, United States
- Center for Excellence in the Neurosciences, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, United States
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6
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Stengl M, Schneider AC. Contribution of membrane-associated oscillators to biological timing at different timescales. Front Physiol 2024; 14:1243455. [PMID: 38264332 PMCID: PMC10803594 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1243455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Environmental rhythms such as the daily light-dark cycle selected for endogenous clocks. These clocks predict regular environmental changes and provide the basis for well-timed adaptive homeostasis in physiology and behavior of organisms. Endogenous clocks are oscillators that are based on positive feedforward and negative feedback loops. They generate stable rhythms even under constant conditions. Since even weak interactions between oscillators allow for autonomous synchronization, coupling/synchronization of oscillators provides the basis of self-organized physiological timing. Amongst the most thoroughly researched clocks are the endogenous circadian clock neurons in mammals and insects. They comprise nuclear clockworks of transcriptional/translational feedback loops (TTFL) that generate ∼24 h rhythms in clock gene expression entrained to the environmental day-night cycle. It is generally assumed that this TTFL clockwork drives all circadian oscillations within and between clock cells, being the basis of any circadian rhythm in physiology and behavior of organisms. Instead of the current gene-based hierarchical clock model we provide here a systems view of timing. We suggest that a coupled system of autonomous TTFL and posttranslational feedback loop (PTFL) oscillators/clocks that run at multiple timescales governs adaptive, dynamic homeostasis of physiology and behavior. We focus on mammalian and insect neurons as endogenous oscillators at multiple timescales. We suggest that neuronal plasma membrane-associated signalosomes constitute specific autonomous PTFL clocks that generate localized but interlinked oscillations of membrane potential and intracellular messengers with specific endogenous frequencies. In each clock neuron multiscale interactions of TTFL and PTFL oscillators/clocks form a temporally structured oscillatory network with a common complex frequency-band comprising superimposed multiscale oscillations. Coupling between oscillator/clock neurons provides the next level of complexity of an oscillatory network. This systemic dynamic network of molecular and cellular oscillators/clocks is suggested to form the basis of any physiological homeostasis that cycles through dynamic homeostatic setpoints with a characteristic frequency-band as hallmark. We propose that mechanisms of homeostatic plasticity maintain the stability of these dynamic setpoints, whereas Hebbian plasticity enables switching between setpoints via coupling factors, like biogenic amines and/or neuropeptides. They reprogram the network to a new common frequency, a new dynamic setpoint. Our novel hypothesis is up for experimental challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Stengl
- Department of Biology, Animal Physiology/Neuroethology, University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany
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7
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Erdelsky MR, Groves SA, Shah C, Delios SB, Umana MB, Maurice DH. Phosphodiesterase 4 activity uniquely regulates ciliary cAMP-dependent 3T3-L1 adipogenesis. Cell Signal 2024; 113:110981. [PMID: 37981066 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence indicates that the presence of a primary cilium (PC), and of selective cAMP signaling within this smallest of organelles, promotes adipogenic differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes incubated in media supplemented with either a natural (docosahexaenoic acid, DHA), or a synthetic (TUG-891), free fatty acid receptor 4 (FFAR4) agonist. Indeed, in this earlier work, activation of ciliary FFAR4 in 3T3-L1 cells was correlated with selective increases in PC cAMP and adipogenesis in these cells. However, this study was silent on the role of local PC cAMP phosphodiesterases (PDEs)-mediated events in regulating these adipogenic responses and on the identity of cAMP PDEs that could regulate the "pool" of ciliary cAMP accessed by FFAR4 agonists. In this context, we have identified the PDEs expressed by 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and showed that of these, only PDE4 inhibition promotes FFAR4-mediated adipogenesis. We propose that this work will identify more selective therapeutic targets through which to control adipogenesis, and perhaps the differentiation of other stem cells in which ciliary cAMP is critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikayla R Erdelsky
- Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah A Groves
- Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Charmi Shah
- Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Samantha B Delios
- Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - M Bibiana Umana
- Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Donald H Maurice
- Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
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8
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Fitzsimons LA, Staurengo-Ferrari L, Bogen O, Araldi D, Bonet IJM, Jordan EE, Levine JD, Tucker KL. The Primary Cilium and its Hedgehog Signaling in Nociceptors Contribute to Inflammatory and Neuropathic Pain. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.27.573420. [PMID: 38234719 PMCID: PMC10793418 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.27.573420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The primary cilium, a 1-3 μm long hair-like structure protruding from the surface of almost all cells in the vertebrate body, is critical for neuronal development and also functions in the adult. As the migratory neural crest settles into dorsal root ganglia (DRG) sensory neurons elaborate a single primary cilium at their soma that is maintained into adult stages. While it is not known if primary cilia are expressed in nociceptors, or their potential function in the mature DRG neuron, recent studies have shown a role for Hedgehog, whose signaling demonstrates a dependence on primary cilia, in nociceptor sensitization. Here we report the expression of primary cilia in rat and mouse nociceptors, where they modulate mechanical nociceptive threshold, and contribute to inflammatory and neuropathic pain. When siRNA targeting Ift88 , a primary cilium-specific intra-flagellar transport (IFT) protein required for ciliary integrity, was administered by intrathecal injection, in the rat, it resulted in loss of Ift88 mRNA in DRG, and primary cilia in neuronal cell bodies, which was associated with an increase in mechanical nociceptive threshold, and abrogation of hyperalgesia induced by the pronociceptive inflammatory mediator, prostaglandin E 2 , and painful peripheral neuropathy induced by a neurotoxic chemotherapy drug, paclitaxel. To provide further support for the role of the primary cilium in nociceptor function we also administered siRNA for another IFT protein, Ift 52. Ift 52 siRNA results in loss of Ift 52 in DRG and abrogates paclitaxel-induced painful peripheral neuropathy. Attenuation of Hedgehog-induced hyperalgesia by Ift88 knockdown supports a role for the primary cilium in the hyperalgesia induced by Hedgehog, and attenuation of paclitaxel chemotherapy-induced neuropathy (CIPN) by cyclopamine, which attenuates Hedgehog signaling, suggests a role of Hedgehog in CIPN. Our findings support a role of nociceptor primary cilia in the control of mechanical nociceptive threshold and in inflammatory and neuropathic pain, the latter, at least in part, Hedgehog dependent.
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