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Fournier J, Imanishi L, Chabaud M, Abdou-Pavy I, Genre A, Brichet L, Lascano HR, Muñoz N, Vayssières A, Pirolles E, Brottier L, Gherbi H, Hocher V, Svistoonoff S, Barker DG, Wall LG. Cell remodeling and subtilase gene expression in the actinorhizal plant Discaria trinervis highlight host orchestration of intercellular Frankia colonization. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2018; 219:1018-1030. [PMID: 29790172 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-fixing filamentous Frankia colonize the root tissues of its actinorhizal host Discaria trinervis via an exclusively intercellular pathway. Here we present studies aimed at uncovering mechanisms associated with this little-researched mode of root entry, and in particular the extent to which the host plant is an active partner during this process. Detailed characterization of the expression patterns of infection-associated actinorhizal host genes has provided valuable tools to identify intercellular infection sites, thus allowing in vivo confocal microscopic studies of the early stages of Frankia colonization. The subtilisin-like serine protease gene Dt12, as well as its Casuarina glauca homolog Cg12, are specifically expressed at sites of Frankia intercellular colonization of D. trinervis outer root tissues. This is accompanied by nucleo-cytoplasmic reorganization in the adjacent host cells and major remodeling of the intercellular apoplastic compartment. These findings lead us to propose that the actinorhizal host plays a major role in modifying both the size and composition of the intercellular apoplast in order to accommodate the filamentous microsymbiont. The implications of these findings are discussed in the light of the analogies that can be made with the orchestrating role of host legumes during intracellular root hair colonization by nitrogen-fixing rhizobia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joëlle Fournier
- LIPM, Université de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, 31326, France
| | - Leandro Imanishi
- LBMIBS, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, CONICET, Bernal, B1876BXD, Argentina
| | - Mireille Chabaud
- LIPM, Université de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, 31326, France
| | - Iltaf Abdou-Pavy
- LIPM, Université de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, 31326, France
| | - Andrea Genre
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Lukas Brichet
- LIPM, Université de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, 31326, France
| | - Hernán Ramiro Lascano
- Instituto de Fitopatología y Fisiología Vegetal IFFIVE-INTA, Córdoba, X5020ICA, Argentina
| | - Nacira Muñoz
- Instituto de Fitopatología y Fisiología Vegetal IFFIVE-INTA, Córdoba, X5020ICA, Argentina
| | - Alice Vayssières
- Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (IRD/INRA/CIRAD/Université de Montpellier/Supagro), 34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Elodie Pirolles
- Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (IRD/INRA/CIRAD/Université de Montpellier/Supagro), 34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Laurent Brottier
- Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (IRD/INRA/CIRAD/Université de Montpellier/Supagro), 34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Hassen Gherbi
- Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (IRD/INRA/CIRAD/Université de Montpellier/Supagro), 34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Valérie Hocher
- Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (IRD/INRA/CIRAD/Université de Montpellier/Supagro), 34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Sergio Svistoonoff
- Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (IRD/INRA/CIRAD/Université de Montpellier/Supagro), 34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
- Laboratoire Mixte International Adaptation des Plantes et Microorganismes Associés aux Stress Environnementaux, Centre de Recherche de Bel Air, CP 18524, Dakar, Sénégal
- Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement/Institut Sénégalais des Recherches Agricoles/Université Cheikh Anta Diop, BP 1386, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - David G Barker
- LIPM, Université de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, 31326, France
| | - Luis G Wall
- LBMIBS, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, CONICET, Bernal, B1876BXD, Argentina
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Roy S, Robson F, Lilley J, Liu CW, Cheng X, Wen J, Walker S, Sun J, Cousins D, Bone C, Bennett MJ, Downie JA, Swarup R, Oldroyd G, Murray JD. MtLAX2, a Functional Homologue of the Arabidopsis Auxin Influx Transporter AUX1, Is Required for Nodule Organogenesis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 174:326-338. [PMID: 28363992 PMCID: PMC5411133 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.01473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Most legume plants can form nodules, specialized lateral organs that form on roots, and house nitrogen-fixing bacteria collectively called rhizobia. The uptake of the phytohormone auxin into cells is known to be crucial for development of lateral roots. To test the role of auxin influx in nodulation we used the auxin influx inhibitors 1-naphthoxyacetic acid (1-NOA) and 2-NOA, which we found reduced nodulation of Medicago truncatula. This suggested the possible involvement of the AUX/LAX family of auxin influx transporters in nodulation. Gene expression studies identified MtLAX2, a paralogue of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) AUX1, as being induced at early stages of nodule development. MtLAX2 is expressed in nodule primordia, the vasculature of developing nodules, and at the apex of mature nodules. The MtLAX2 promoter contains several auxin response elements, and treatment with indole-acetic acid strongly induces MtLAX2 expression in roots. mtlax2 mutants displayed root phenotypes similar to Arabidopsis aux1 mutants, including altered root gravitropism, fewer lateral roots, shorter root hairs, and auxin resistance. In addition, the activity of the synthetic DR5-GUS auxin reporter was strongly reduced in mtlax2 roots. Following inoculation with rhizobia, mtlax2 roots developed fewer nodules, had decreased DR5-GUS activity associated with infection sites, and had decreased expression of the early auxin responsive gene ARF16a Our data indicate that MtLAX2 is a functional analog of Arabidopsis AUX1 and is required for the accumulation of auxin during nodule formation in tissues underlying sites of rhizobial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Roy
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (S.R., F.R., J.L., C.-W.L., J.S., D.C., C.B., G.O., J.D.M.)
- Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (S.R., X.C., J.W.)
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (S.W., J.A.D.)
- Plant and Crop Science Division, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nr Loughborough LE12 5RD, United Kingdom (M.J.B., R.S.); and
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Hall, Babraham CB22 3AT, United Kingdom (S.W.)
| | - Fran Robson
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (S.R., F.R., J.L., C.-W.L., J.S., D.C., C.B., G.O., J.D.M.)
- Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (S.R., X.C., J.W.)
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (S.W., J.A.D.)
- Plant and Crop Science Division, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nr Loughborough LE12 5RD, United Kingdom (M.J.B., R.S.); and
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Hall, Babraham CB22 3AT, United Kingdom (S.W.)
| | - Jodi Lilley
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (S.R., F.R., J.L., C.-W.L., J.S., D.C., C.B., G.O., J.D.M.)
- Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (S.R., X.C., J.W.)
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (S.W., J.A.D.)
- Plant and Crop Science Division, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nr Loughborough LE12 5RD, United Kingdom (M.J.B., R.S.); and
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Hall, Babraham CB22 3AT, United Kingdom (S.W.)
| | - Cheng-Wu Liu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (S.R., F.R., J.L., C.-W.L., J.S., D.C., C.B., G.O., J.D.M.)
- Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (S.R., X.C., J.W.)
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (S.W., J.A.D.)
- Plant and Crop Science Division, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nr Loughborough LE12 5RD, United Kingdom (M.J.B., R.S.); and
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Hall, Babraham CB22 3AT, United Kingdom (S.W.)
| | - Xiaofei Cheng
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (S.R., F.R., J.L., C.-W.L., J.S., D.C., C.B., G.O., J.D.M.)
- Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (S.R., X.C., J.W.)
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (S.W., J.A.D.)
- Plant and Crop Science Division, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nr Loughborough LE12 5RD, United Kingdom (M.J.B., R.S.); and
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Hall, Babraham CB22 3AT, United Kingdom (S.W.)
| | - Jiangqi Wen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (S.R., F.R., J.L., C.-W.L., J.S., D.C., C.B., G.O., J.D.M.)
- Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (S.R., X.C., J.W.)
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (S.W., J.A.D.)
- Plant and Crop Science Division, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nr Loughborough LE12 5RD, United Kingdom (M.J.B., R.S.); and
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Hall, Babraham CB22 3AT, United Kingdom (S.W.)
| | - Simon Walker
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (S.R., F.R., J.L., C.-W.L., J.S., D.C., C.B., G.O., J.D.M.)
- Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (S.R., X.C., J.W.)
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (S.W., J.A.D.)
- Plant and Crop Science Division, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nr Loughborough LE12 5RD, United Kingdom (M.J.B., R.S.); and
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Hall, Babraham CB22 3AT, United Kingdom (S.W.)
| | - Jongho Sun
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (S.R., F.R., J.L., C.-W.L., J.S., D.C., C.B., G.O., J.D.M.)
- Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (S.R., X.C., J.W.)
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (S.W., J.A.D.)
- Plant and Crop Science Division, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nr Loughborough LE12 5RD, United Kingdom (M.J.B., R.S.); and
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Hall, Babraham CB22 3AT, United Kingdom (S.W.)
| | - Donna Cousins
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (S.R., F.R., J.L., C.-W.L., J.S., D.C., C.B., G.O., J.D.M.)
- Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (S.R., X.C., J.W.)
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (S.W., J.A.D.)
- Plant and Crop Science Division, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nr Loughborough LE12 5RD, United Kingdom (M.J.B., R.S.); and
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Hall, Babraham CB22 3AT, United Kingdom (S.W.)
| | - Caitlin Bone
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (S.R., F.R., J.L., C.-W.L., J.S., D.C., C.B., G.O., J.D.M.)
- Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (S.R., X.C., J.W.)
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (S.W., J.A.D.)
- Plant and Crop Science Division, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nr Loughborough LE12 5RD, United Kingdom (M.J.B., R.S.); and
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Hall, Babraham CB22 3AT, United Kingdom (S.W.)
| | - Malcolm J Bennett
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (S.R., F.R., J.L., C.-W.L., J.S., D.C., C.B., G.O., J.D.M.)
- Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (S.R., X.C., J.W.)
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (S.W., J.A.D.)
- Plant and Crop Science Division, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nr Loughborough LE12 5RD, United Kingdom (M.J.B., R.S.); and
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Hall, Babraham CB22 3AT, United Kingdom (S.W.)
| | - J Allan Downie
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (S.R., F.R., J.L., C.-W.L., J.S., D.C., C.B., G.O., J.D.M.)
- Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (S.R., X.C., J.W.)
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (S.W., J.A.D.)
- Plant and Crop Science Division, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nr Loughborough LE12 5RD, United Kingdom (M.J.B., R.S.); and
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Hall, Babraham CB22 3AT, United Kingdom (S.W.)
| | - Ranjan Swarup
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (S.R., F.R., J.L., C.-W.L., J.S., D.C., C.B., G.O., J.D.M.)
- Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (S.R., X.C., J.W.)
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (S.W., J.A.D.)
- Plant and Crop Science Division, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nr Loughborough LE12 5RD, United Kingdom (M.J.B., R.S.); and
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Hall, Babraham CB22 3AT, United Kingdom (S.W.)
| | - Giles Oldroyd
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (S.R., F.R., J.L., C.-W.L., J.S., D.C., C.B., G.O., J.D.M.)
- Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (S.R., X.C., J.W.)
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (S.W., J.A.D.)
- Plant and Crop Science Division, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nr Loughborough LE12 5RD, United Kingdom (M.J.B., R.S.); and
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Hall, Babraham CB22 3AT, United Kingdom (S.W.)
| | - Jeremy D Murray
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (S.R., F.R., J.L., C.-W.L., J.S., D.C., C.B., G.O., J.D.M.);
- Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (S.R., X.C., J.W.);
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (S.W., J.A.D.);
- Plant and Crop Science Division, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nr Loughborough LE12 5RD, United Kingdom (M.J.B., R.S.); and
- Babraham Institute, Babraham Hall, Babraham CB22 3AT, United Kingdom (S.W.)
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