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Yang T, Hwang H, Kim K, Kim Y, Cummings RD, Shin YK, Lee T, Ko K. Plant-Produced Therapeutic Crizanlizumab Monoclonal Antibody Binds P-Selectin to Alleviate Vaso-occlusive Pain Crises in Sickle Cell Disease. Mol Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12033-024-01110-z. [PMID: 38491245 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-024-01110-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a severe genetic disorder causing vascular occlusion and pain by upregulating the adhesion molecule P-selectin on endothelial cells and platelets. It primarily affects infants and children, causing chronic pain, circulatory problems, organ damage, and complications. Thus, effective treatment and management are crucial to reduce SCD-related risks. Anti-P-selectin antibody Crizanlizumab (Crimab) has been used to treat SCD. In this study, the heavy and light chain (HC and LC) genes of anti-P-Selectin antibody Crimab were cloned into a plant expression binary vector. The HC gene was under control of the duplicated 35S promoter and nopaline synthase (NOS) terminator, whereas the LC gene was under control of the potato proteinase inhibitor II (PIN2) promoter and PIN2 terminator. Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404 was used to transfer the genes into the tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi) plant. In plants the genomic PCR and western blot confirmed gene presence and expression of HC and LC Crimab proteins in the plant, respectively. Crimab was successfully purified from transgenic plant leaf using protein A affinity chromatography. In ELISA, plant-derived Crimab (CrimabP) had similar binding activity to P-selectin compared to mammalian-derived Crimab (CrimabM). In surface plasmon resonance, the KD (dissociation binding constant) and response unit values were lower and higher than CrimabP, respectively. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the transgenic plant can be applied to produce biofunctional therapeutic monoclonal antibody.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taewon Yang
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyunjoo Hwang
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kibum Kim
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yerin Kim
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, National Center for Functional Glycomics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yong Kyoo Shin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Taejin Lee
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Kisung Ko
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea.
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LaManna L, Chou CH, Lei H, Barton ER, Maliga P. Chloroplast transformation for bioencapsulation and oral delivery using the immunoglobulin G fragment crystallizable (Fc) domain. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18916. [PMID: 37919321 PMCID: PMC10622566 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45698-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Proinsulin Like Growth Factor I (prolGF-I) and myostatin (Mstn) regulate muscle regeneration and mass when intravenously delivered. We tested if chloroplast bioencapsulated forms of these proteins may serve as a non-invasive means of drug delivery through the digestive system. We created tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants carrying GFP-Fc1, proIGF-I-Fc1, and Mstn-Fc1 fusion genes, in which fusion with the immunoglobulin G Fc domain improved both protein stability and absorption in the small intestine. No transplastomic plants were obtained with the Mstn-Fc1 gene, suggesting that the protein is toxic to plant cells. proIGF-I-Fc1 protein levels were too low to enable in vivo testing. However, GFP-Fc1 accumulated at a high level, enabling evaluation of chloroplast-made Fc fusion proteins for oral delivery. Tobacco leaves were lyophilized for testing in a mouse system. We report that the orally administered GFP-Fc1 fusion protein (5.45 µg/g GFP-Fc1) has been taken up by the intestinal epithelium cells, evidenced by confocal microscopy. GFP-Fc1 subsequently entered the circulation where it was detected by ELISA. Data reported here confirm that chloroplast expression and oral administration of lyophilized leaves is a potential delivery system of therapeutic proteins fused with Fc1, with the advantage that the proteins may be stored at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa LaManna
- Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Chih-Hsuan Chou
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Hanqin Lei
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Elisabeth R Barton
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
| | - Pal Maliga
- Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.
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LaManna L, Chou CH, Lei H, Barton ER, Maliga P. Chloroplast transformation for bioencapsulation and oral delivery using the immunoglobulin G fragment crystallizable (Fc) domain. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3073879. [PMID: 37546919 PMCID: PMC10402193 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3073879/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Proinsulin Like Growth Factor (prolGF1) and myostatin (Mstn) regulate muscle regeneration when intravenously delivered. We set out to test if chloroplast bioencapsulated forms of these proteins may serve as a non-invasive means of drug delivery through the digestive system. We created tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants carrying GFP-Fc1, proIGF-I-Fc1, and Mstn-Fc1 fusion genes, in which fusion with the immunoglobulin G Fc domain improved both protein stability and absorption in the small intestine. No transplastomic plants were obtained with the Mstn-Fc1 gene, suggesting that the protein is toxic to plant cells. proIGF-I-Fc1 protein levels were too law to enable in vivo testing. However, GFP-Fc1 accumulated at a high level, enabling evaluation of chloroplast-made Fc fusion proteins for oral delivery. Tobacco leaves were lyophilized for testing in a mouse system. We report that the orally administered GFP-Fc fusion protein (5.45 μg/g GFP-Fc) has been taken up by the intestinal epithelium cells, evidenced by confocal microscopy. GFP-Fc subsequently entered the circulation where it was detected by ELISA. Data reported here confirm that chloroplast expression and oral administration of lyophilized leaves is a potential delivery system of therapeutic proteins fused with Fc, with the advantage that the proteins may be stored at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa LaManna
- Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Chih-Hsuan Chou
- Department of Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, University of Florida, College of Health and Human Performance, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Hanqin Lei
- Department of Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, University of Florida, College of Health and Human Performance, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Elisabeth R. Barton
- Department of Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, University of Florida, College of Health and Human Performance, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Pal Maliga
- Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
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Structure of PAP-IgM FcK fusion protein with J-chain expressed in transgenic plant. THE EUROBIOTECH JOURNAL 2023. [DOI: 10.2478/ebtj-2023-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Transgenic plants expressing immunoglobulin (Ig) M Fc-fused Prostate acid phosphatase (PAP) antigenic proteins (PAP-IgM FcK) and J-chain proteins were generated by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The Fc region was tagged with the ER retention motif (KDEL) to make PAP-IgM FcK. Two transgenic plants were crossed together to generate F1 expressing both PAP-IgM FcK and J-chain proteins (PAP-IgM FcK × J-chain). PCR and RT-PCR analyses confirmed the transgene insertion and mRNA transcription of PAP-IgM FcK and J-chain in leaf tissue of PAP-IgM FcK × J-chain F1 plant. Western blot confirmed the expression of PAP-IgM FcK × J-chain protein. Size exclusion (SEC)-high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Bio-transmission electron microscope (TEM) analyses were performed to show the size and shape of the PAP- IgM FcK × J-chain fusion proteins. These results suggest that PAP-IgM FcK with J-chain can be produced in plant expression system with plant crossing.
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Rahimian N, Miraei HR, Amiri A, Ebrahimi MS, Nahand JS, Tarrahimofrad H, Hamblin MR, Khan H, Mirzaei H. Plant-based vaccines and cancer therapy: Where are we now and where are we going? Pharmacol Res 2021; 169:105655. [PMID: 34004270 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic vaccines are an effective approach in cancer therapy for treating the disease at later stages. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently approved the first therapeutic cancer vaccine, and further studies are ongoing in clinical trials. These are expected to result in the future development of vaccines with relatively improved efficacy. Several vaccination approaches are being studied in pre-clinical and clinical trials, including the generation of anti-cancer vaccines by plant expression systems.This approach has advantages, such as high safety and low costs, especially for the synthesis of recombinant proteins. Nevertheless, the development of anti-cancer vaccines in plants is faced with some technical obstacles.Herein, we summarize some vaccines that have been used in cancer therapy, with an emphasis on plant-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Rahimian
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Miraei
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefeh Amiri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashahd, Iran
| | | | - Javid Sadri Nahand
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Tarrahimofrad
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 20282028, South Africa
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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Lee YR, Lim CY, Lim S, Park SR, Hong JP, Kim J, Lee HE, Ko K, Kim DS. Expression of Colorectal Cancer Antigenic Protein Fused to IgM Fc in Chinese Cabbage ( Brassica rapa). PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9111466. [PMID: 33143243 PMCID: PMC7693566 DOI: 10.3390/plants9111466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is a tumor-associated antigen and a potential target for tumor vaccine. The EpCAM is a cell-surface glycoprotein highly expressed in colorectal carcinomas. The objective of the present study is to develop an edible vaccine system through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa). For the transformation, two plant expression vectors containing genes encoding for the EpCAM recombinant protein along with the fragment crystallizable (Fc) region of immunoglobulin M (IgM) and Joining (J)-chain tagged with the KDEL endoplasmic reticulum retention motif (J-chain K) were constructed. The vectors were successfully transformed and expressed in the Chinese cabbage individually using Agrobacterium. The transgenic Chinese cabbages were screened using genomic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in T0 transgenic plant lines generated from both transformants. Similarly, the immunoblot analysis revealed the expression of recombinant proteins in the transformants. Further, the T1 transgenic plants were generated by selfing the transgenic plants (T0) carrying EpCAM-IgM Fc and J-chain K proteins, respectively. Subsequently, the T1 plants generated from EpCAM-IgM Fc and J-chain K transformants were crossed to generate F1 plants carrying both transgenes. The presence of both transgenes was validated using PCR in the F1 plants. In addition, the expression of Chinese cabbage-derived EpCAM-IgM Fc × J-chain K was evaluated using immunoblot and ELISA analyses in the F1 plants. The outcomes of the present study can be utilized for the development of a potential anti-cancer vaccine candidate using Chinese cabbage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Rin Lee
- Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea; (Y.-R.L.); (C.-Y.L.); (J.-P.H.); (J.K.); (H.-E.L.)
| | - Chae-Yeon Lim
- Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea; (Y.-R.L.); (C.-Y.L.); (J.-P.H.); (J.K.); (H.-E.L.)
| | - Sohee Lim
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (S.L.); (S.R.P.)
| | - Se Ra Park
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (S.L.); (S.R.P.)
| | - Jong-Pil Hong
- Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea; (Y.-R.L.); (C.-Y.L.); (J.-P.H.); (J.K.); (H.-E.L.)
| | - Jinhee Kim
- Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea; (Y.-R.L.); (C.-Y.L.); (J.-P.H.); (J.K.); (H.-E.L.)
| | - Hye-Eun Lee
- Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea; (Y.-R.L.); (C.-Y.L.); (J.-P.H.); (J.K.); (H.-E.L.)
| | - Kisung Ko
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (S.L.); (S.R.P.)
- Correspondence: (K.K.); (D.-S.K.); Tel.: +82-63-238-6670 (K.K.); +82-63-238-6670 (D.-S.K.)
| | - Do-Sun Kim
- Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea; (Y.-R.L.); (C.-Y.L.); (J.-P.H.); (J.K.); (H.-E.L.)
- Correspondence: (K.K.); (D.-S.K.); Tel.: +82-63-238-6670 (K.K.); +82-63-238-6670 (D.-S.K.)
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A Plant-Derived Antigen-Antibody Complex Induces Anti-Cancer Immune Responses by Forming a Large Quaternary Structure. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165603. [PMID: 32764343 PMCID: PMC7460599 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The antigen–antibody complex (AAC) has novel functions for immunomodulation, encouraging the application of diverse quaternary protein structures for vaccination. In this study, GA733 antigen and anti-GA733 antibody proteins were both co-expressed to obtain the AAC protein structures in a F1 plant obtained by crossing the plants expressing each protein. In F1 plant, the antigen and antibody assembled to form a large quaternary circular ACC structure (~30 nm). The large quaternary protein structures induced immune response to produce anticancer immunoglobulins G (IgGs) that are specific to the corresponding antigens in mouse. The serum containing the anticancer IgGs inhibited the human colorectal cancer cell growth in the xenograft nude mouse. Taken together, antigens and antibodies can be assembled to form AAC protein structures in plants. Plant crossing represents an alternative strategy for the formation of AAC vaccines that efficiently increases anticancer antibody production.
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Song I, Kang YJ, Kim DH, Kim MK, Ko K. Expression and in vitro function of anti-cancer mAbs in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana. BMB Rep 2020. [PMID: 31234954 PMCID: PMC7196188 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2020.53.4.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-colorectal cancer monoclonal antibody CO17-1A (mAb CO), which recognizes the tumor-associated antigen EpCAM, was expressed in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. PCR and western blot analyses showed the insertion and expression of heavy chain (HC)/HC fused to the KDEL ER retention modif (HCK) and light chain (LC) of mAb CO and mAb CO with HCK (mAb COK) in Arabidopsis transformants. Both plant-derived mAbP CO and mAbP COK were purified from a biomass of approximately 1,000 seedlings grown in a greenhouse. In sandwich ELISA, both mAbP CO showed a slightly higher binding affinity for the target, EpCAM, compared to mAbM CO. In cell ELISA, both mAbsP COs showed binding affinity to the human colorectal cancer cell line SW480. Furthermore, mAbM CO, mAbP CO, and mAbP COK exhibited dose and time-dependent regression effects on SW480 cells in vitro. In summation, both mAbP CO and mAbP COK, expressed in Arabidopsis, recognized the target antigen EpCAM and showed anti-proliferative activity against human colorectal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilchan Song
- Departments of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
- Departments of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Yang Joo Kang
- Departments of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Dae Heon Kim
- Department of Biology, Sunchon National University, Sunchon 57922, Korea
| | - Mi Kyung Kim
- Departments of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Kisung Ko
- Departments of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
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Park SR, Lee JH, Kim K, Kim TM, Lee SH, Choo YK, Kim KS, Ko K. Expression and In Vitro Function of Anti-Breast Cancer Llama-Based Single Domain Antibody VHH Expressed in Tobacco Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1354. [PMID: 32079309 PMCID: PMC7072948 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2) is considered as a prognostic factor of breast cancer, which is positively associated with recurrence when cancer metastasizes to the lymph nodes. Here, we expressed the single variable domain on a heavy chain (VHH) form of anti-HER2 camelid single domain antibody in tobacco plants and compared its in vitro anticancer activities with the anti-HER2 full size antibody. The gene expression cassette containing anti-HER2 camelid single domain antibody VHH fused to human IgG Fc region with KDEL endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (VHH-FcK) was transferred into the tobacco plant via the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The transformants were screened with polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) confirmed the binding of the purified anti-HER2 VHH-FcK to the HER2-positive breast cancer cell line, SK-BR-3. Migration assay results confirmed anticancer activity of the plant-derived anticancer camelid single chain antibody. Taken together, we confirmed the possibility of using anti-HER2 VHH-FcK as a therapeutic anticancer agent, which can be expressed and assembled and purified from a plant expression system as an alternative antibody production system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Ra Park
- Department of Medicine, Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea; (S.R.P.); (J.-H.L.); (K.K.)
| | - Jeong-Hwan Lee
- Department of Medicine, Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea; (S.R.P.); (J.-H.L.); (K.K.)
| | - Kibum Kim
- Department of Medicine, Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea; (S.R.P.); (J.-H.L.); (K.K.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 156-756, Korea
| | - Taek Min Kim
- Major of Nano-Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon-National University, Incheon 22012, Korea; (T.M.K.); (S.H.L.)
| | - Seung Ho Lee
- Major of Nano-Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon-National University, Incheon 22012, Korea; (T.M.K.); (S.H.L.)
| | - Young-Kug Choo
- Department of Biological science, College of Natural Sciences, Wonkwang University, 460, Iksan-daero, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 54538, Korea;
| | - Kyung Soo Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul 156-756, Korea
| | - Kisung Ko
- Department of Medicine, Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea; (S.R.P.); (J.-H.L.); (K.K.)
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Dent M, Matoba N. Cancer biologics made in plants. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2020; 61:82-88. [PMID: 31785553 PMCID: PMC7096282 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Plants are routinely utilized as efficient production platforms for the development of anti-cancer biologics leading to novel anti-cancer vaccines, immunotherapies, and drug-delivery modalities. Various biosimilar/biobetter antibodies and immunogens based on tumor-associated antigens have been produced and optimized for plant expression. Plant virus nanoparticles, including those derived from cowpea mosaic virus or tobacco mosaic virus in particular have shown promise as immunotherapies stimulating tumor-associated immune cells and as drug carriers delivering conjugated chemotherapeutics effectively to tumors. Advancements have also been made toward the development of lectins that can selectively recognize cancer cells. The ease at which plant systems can be utilized for the production of these products presents an opportunity to further develop novel and exciting anti-cancer biologics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Dent
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Nobuyuki Matoba
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA; James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA; Center for Predictive Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
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11
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Song I, Kang YJ, Choi SL, Han D, Kim DS, Lee HK, Lee JC, Park J, Kim DS, Ko K. Purification of plant-derived anti-virus mAb through optimized pH conditions for coupling between protein A and epoxy-activated beads. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6828. [PMID: 31149395 PMCID: PMC6534112 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The main goal of this research was to determine optimum pH conditions for coupling between protein A and epoxy-activated Sepharose beads for purification of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) expressed in plants. To confirm the effect of pH conditions on purification efficacy, epoxy-activated agarose beads were coupled to protein A under the pH conditions of 8.5, 9.5, 10.5, and 11.5 (8.5R, 9.5R, 10.5R, and 11.5R, respectively). A total of 300 g of fresh leaf tissue of transgenic Arabidopsis expressing human anti-rabies mAb (mAbP) SO57 were harvested to isolate the total soluble protein (TSP). An equal amount of TSP solution was applied to five resin groups including commercial protein A resin (GR) as a positive control. The modified 8.5R, 9.5R, 10.5R, and 11.5R showed delayed elution timing compared to the GR control resin. Nano-drop analysis showed that the total amount of purified mAbPSO57 mAbs from 60 g of fresh leaf mass were not significantly different among 8.5R (400 μg), 9.5R (360 μg), 10.5R (380 μg), and GR (350 μg). The 11.5R (25 μg) had the least mAbPSO57. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the purity of mAbPSO57 was not significantly different among the five groups. Rapid fluorescent focus inhibition tests revealed that virus-neutralizing efficacies of purified mAbPSO57 from all the five different resins including the positive control resin were similar. Taken together, both pH 8.5 and 10.5 coupling conditions with high recovery rate should be optimized for purification of mAbPSO57 from transgenic Arabidopsis plant, which will eventually reduce down-stream cost required for mAb production using the plant system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilchan Song
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yang Joo Kang
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Su-Lim Choi
- Protein Purification Laboratory, Biotech R&D Center, Amicogen, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Dalmuri Han
- Division of Bacterial Disease Research, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, South Korea
| | - Deuk-Su Kim
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hae Kyung Lee
- Division of Bacterial Disease Research, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong, South Korea
| | - Joon-Chul Lee
- Research Institute of Industrial Technology Convergence, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Jeanho Park
- Research Institute of Industrial Technology Convergence, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Do-Sun Kim
- Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, South Korea
| | - Kisung Ko
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
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Song I, Kang Y, Lee YK, Myung SC, Ko K. Endoplasmic reticulum retention motif fused to recombinant anti-cancer monoclonal antibody (mAb) CO17-1A affects mAb expression and plant stress response. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198978. [PMID: 30248125 PMCID: PMC6152870 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the main site of protein synthesis, folding, and secretion to other organelles. The capacity of the ER to process proteins is limited, and excessive accumulation of unfolded and misfolded proteins can induce ER stress, which is associated with plant diseases. Here, a transgenic Arabidopsis system was established to express anti-cancer monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that recognize the tumor-associated antigen GA733-2. Monoclonal antibody (mAb) CO17-1A recognize a tumor-associated epitope expressed on the colorectal cancer cell surface. The ER retention Lys-Asp-Glu-Leu (KDEL) motif sequence was added to the C-terminus of the heavy chain to retain anti-colorectal cancer mAbs in the ER, consequently boosting mAb production. Agrobacterium-mediated floral dip transformation was used to generate T1 transformants, and homozygous T4 seeds obtained from transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing anti-colorectal cancer mAbs were used to confirm the physiological effects of KDEL tagging. Germination rates were not significantly different between both plants expressing mAb CO without KDEL mAb CO (CO plant) and mAb CO with KDEL mAb COK (COK plant). However, COK plants primary root lengths were shorter than those of CO plants and non-transgenic Arabidopsis plants in in vitro media. Most ER stress-related genes, with the exception of bZIP28 and IRE1a, were upregulated in COK plants compared to CO plants. Western blot and SDS-PAGE analyses showed that COK plants exhibited up to five times higher expression and mAb amounts than plants. Enhanced expression in mAb COK plants was confirmed by immunohistochemical analyses. mAb COK was distributed across most of the area of leaf tissues, whereas mAb CO was mainly distributed in extracellular areas. Surface plasmon resonance analyses revealed that mAb CO and mAb COK possessed equivalent or slightly better binding activities to antigen EpCAM compared to a commercially available parental antibody. N-glycosylation analysis showed that mAb CO had plant specific residues whereas mAb COK mainly showed an oligo-mannose N-glycan structure without the plant specific glycan residues. In this study, the reduction of plant growth and biomass induced by ER retention signal peptide might be only in in vitro conditions, and thus should be carefully considered for the initial screening for transgenic lines on culture media. Taken together, nevertheless the fusion of ER retention signal peptide is an effective approach for enhancing the yields of recombinant proteins in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilchan Song
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - YangJoo Kang
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Koung Lee
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, United States of America
| | - Soon-Chul Myung
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kisung Ko
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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