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Guo J, Jiao Y, Wang Y, Hu W, Jia Y, Huang Z, Yang LT, Chen LS. Regulation of magnesium and calcium homeostasis in citrus seedlings under varying magnesium supply. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 204:108146. [PMID: 37918079 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) are two essential macronutrients in plants; however, the characteristics of Mg and Ca concentrations in organ, subcellular and chemical forms and their relationships in citrus plants, especially under varying Mg supply, are not well understood. In this study, Citrus sinensis seedlings (cv. Xuegan) were cultivated in conditions of Mg deficiency (0 mmol Mg2+ L-1) and Mg sufficiency (2 mmol Mg2+ L-1) to investigate the responses of Mg and Ca homeostasis in different organs and fractions. Compared with Mg sufficiency, Mg deficiency significantly decreased root and shoot growth, with the shoot biomass reduction of branch organs was greater than that of parent organs. In addition to increasing the Ca concentration in the parent stem and lateral root organs, Mg deficiency significantly decreased the concentrations and accumulations of Mg and Ca in citrus seedlings, further altering their distribution in different organs. More than 50% of Ca and Mg were sequestrated in the cell wall and soluble fractions, respectively, with Mg concentration decreasing by 15.4% in roots and 46.9% in leaves under Mg deficiency, while Ca concentration decreased by 27.6% in roots and increased by 23.6% in parent leaves. Approximately 90% of Mg exists in inorganic, water-soluble, and pectate and protein-bound forms, and nearly 90% of Ca exists in water-soluble, pectate and protein-bound, phosphate and oxalate acid forms. Except for the decreased inorganic Mg in roots and water-soluble Mg and Ca in leaves, Mg deficiency increased the proportions of Mg and Ca in all chemical forms. However, Mg deficiency generally increased the Ca/Mg ratio in various organs, subcellular and chemical forms, with negative relationships between Mg concentration and Ca/Mg ratio, and the variations of Mg and Ca were highly separated between Mg supply and organs. In conclusion, our results provide insights into the effects of Mg supply on Mg and Ca homeostasis in citrus plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuxin Guo
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, International Magnesium Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| | - Yiling Jiao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, International Magnesium Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yuwen Wang
- Forestry Science and Technology Test Center of Fujian Province, Zhangzhou, Fujian, 363600, China
| | - Wenlang Hu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, International Magnesium Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yamin Jia
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, International Magnesium Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Zengrong Huang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, International Magnesium Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Lin-Tong Yang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, International Magnesium Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Li-Song Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, International Magnesium Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
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Knez M, Stangoulis JCR. Calcium Biofortification of Crops-Challenges and Projected Benefits. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:669053. [PMID: 34335646 PMCID: PMC8323714 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.669053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Despite Calcium (Ca) being an essential nutrient for humans, deficiency of Ca is becoming an ensuing public health problem worldwide. Breeding staple crops with higher Ca concentrations is a sustainable long-term strategy for alleviating Ca deficiency, and particular criteria for a successful breeding initiative need to be in place. This paper discusses current challenges and projected benefits of Ca-biofortified crops. The most important features of Ca nutrition in plants are presented along with explicit recommendations for additional exploration of this important issue. In order for Ca-biofortified crops to be successfully developed, tested, and effectively implemented in most vulnerable populations, further research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Knez
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, National Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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3
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Alcock TD, Thomas CL, Ó Lochlainn S, Pongrac P, Wilson M, Moore C, Reyt G, Vogel-Mikuš K, Kelemen M, Hayden R, Wilson L, Stephenson P, Østergaard L, Irwin JA, Hammond JP, King GJ, Salt DE, Graham NS, White PJ, Broadley MR. Magnesium and calcium overaccumulate in the leaves of a schengen3 mutant of Brassica rapa. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 186:1616-1631. [PMID: 33831190 PMCID: PMC8260142 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) are essential mineral nutrients poorly supplied in many human food systems. In grazing livestock, Mg and Ca deficiencies are costly welfare issues. Here, we report a Brassica rapa loss-of-function schengen3 (sgn3) mutant, braA.sgn3.a-1, which accumulates twice as much Mg and a third more Ca in its leaves. We mapped braA.sgn3.a to a single recessive locus using a forward ionomic screen of chemically mutagenized lines with subsequent backcrossing and linked-read sequencing of second back-crossed, second filial generation (BC2F2) segregants. Confocal imaging revealed a disrupted root endodermal diffusion barrier, consistent with SGN3 encoding a receptor-like kinase required for normal formation of Casparian strips, as reported in thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana). Analysis of the spatial distribution of elements showed elevated extracellular Mg concentrations in leaves of braA.sgn3.a-1, hypothesized to result from preferential export of excessive Mg from cells to ensure suitable cellular concentrations. This work confirms a conserved role of SGN3 in controlling nutrient homeostasis in B. rapa, and reveals mechanisms by which plants are able to deal with perturbed shoot element concentrations resulting from a "leaky" root endodermal barrier. Characterization of variation in leaf Mg and Ca accumulation across a mutagenized population of B. rapa shows promise for using such populations in breeding programs to increase edible concentrations of essential human and animal nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas D Alcock
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
- Future Food Beacon of Excellence, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
- School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Catherine L Thomas
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
- Department of Sustainable Agriculture Sciences, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Seosamh Ó Lochlainn
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Paula Pongrac
- Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Michael Wilson
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
- Future Food Beacon of Excellence, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Christopher Moore
- Future Food Beacon of Excellence, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Guilhem Reyt
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
- Future Food Beacon of Excellence, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Katarina Vogel-Mikuš
- Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Rory Hayden
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Lolita Wilson
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Pauline Stephenson
- Department of Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Lars Østergaard
- Department of Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Judith A Irwin
- Department of Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - John P Hammond
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development and the Centre for Food Security, University of Reading, Whiteknights, P.O. Box 237, Reading RG6 6AR, UK
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales 2480, Australia
| | - Graham J King
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales 2480, Australia
| | - David E Salt
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
- Future Food Beacon of Excellence, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Neil S Graham
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Philip J White
- Ecological Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK
- Distinguished Scientist Fellowship Program, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Martin R Broadley
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
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Huang Y, Hussain MA, Luo D, Xu H, Zeng C, Havlickova L, Bancroft I, Tian Z, Zhang X, Cheng Y, Zou X, Lu G, Lv Y. A Brassica napus Reductase Gene Dissected by Associative Transcriptomics Enhances Plant Adaption to Freezing Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:971. [PMID: 32676095 PMCID: PMC7333310 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cold treatment (vernalization) is required for winter crops such as rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). However, excessive exposure to low temperature (LT) in winter is also a stress for the semi-winter, early-flowering rapeseed varieties widely cultivated in China. Photosynthetic efficiency is one of the key determinants, and thus a good indicator for LT tolerance in plants. So far, the genetic basis underlying photosynthetic efficiency is poorly understood in rapeseed. Here the current study used Associative Transcriptomics to identify genetic loci controlling photosynthetic gas exchange parameters in a diversity panel comprising 123 accessions. A total of 201 significant Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) and 147 Gene Expression Markers (GEMs) were detected, leading to the identification of 22 candidate genes. Of these, Cab026133.1, an ortholog of the Arabidopsis gene AT2G29300.2 encoding a tropinone reductase (BnTR1), was further confirmed to be closely linked to transpiration rate. Ectopic expressing BnTR1 in Arabidopsis plants significantly increased the transpiration rate and enhanced LT tolerance under freezing conditions. Also, a much higher level of alkaloids content was observed in the transgenic Arabidopsis plants, which could help protect against LT stress. Together, the current study showed that AT is an effective approach for dissecting LT tolerance trait in rapeseed and that BnTR1 is a good target gene for the genetic improvement of LT tolerance in plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Laboratory of Rapeseed, The Chongqing Three Gorges Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Muhammad Azhar Hussain
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongzhi Xu
- Laboratory of Rapeseed, The Chongqing Three Gorges Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuan Zeng
- Laboratory of Rapeseed, The Chongqing Three Gorges Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Lenka Havlickova
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products (CNAP) M119, Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Bancroft
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products (CNAP) M119, Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Zhitao Tian
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuekun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiling Zou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangyuan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Lv
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
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Wang W, Ding G, White PJ, Wang M, Zou J, Xu F, Hammond JP, Shi L. Genetic dissection of the shoot and root ionomes of Brassica napus grown with contrasting phosphate supplies. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2020; 126:119-140. [PMID: 32221530 PMCID: PMC7304470 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcaa055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Mineral elements have many essential and beneficial functions in plants. Phosphorus (P) deficiency can result in changes in the ionomes of plant organs. The aims of this study were to characterize the effects of P supply on the ionomes of shoots and roots, and to identify chromosomal quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for shoot and root ionomic traits, as well as those affecting the partitioning of mineral elements between shoot and root in Brassica napus grown with contrasting P supplies. METHODS Shoot and root concentrations of 11 mineral elements (B, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S and Zn) were investigated by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) in a Brassica napus double haploid population grown at an optimal (OP) and a low phosphorus supply (LP) in an agar system. Shoot, root and plant contents, and the partitioning of mineral elements between shoot and root were calculated. KEY RESULTS The tissue concentrations of B, Ca, Cu, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P and Zn were reduced by P starvation, while the concentration of Fe was increased by P starvation in the BnaTNDH population. A total of 133 and 123 QTLs for shoot and root ionomic traits were identified at OP and LP, respectively. A major QTL cluster on chromosome C07 had a significant effect on shoot Mg and S concentrations at LP and was narrowed down to a 2.1 Mb region using an advanced backcross population. CONCLUSIONS The tissue concentration and partitioning of each mineral element was affected differently by P starvation. There was a significant difference in mineral element composition between shoots and roots. Identification of the genes underlying these QTLs will enhance our understanding of processes affecting the uptake and partitioning of mineral elements in Brassica napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Microelement Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangda Ding
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Microelement Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Philip J White
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Microelement Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, UK
| | - Meng Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Zou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fangsen Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Microelement Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - John P Hammond
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, UK
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, Australia
| | - Lei Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Microelement Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Karaca N, Ates D, Nemli S, Ozkuru E, Yilmaz H, Yagmur B, Kartal C, Tosun M, Ocak OO, Otles S, Kahriman A, Tanyolac MB. Association mapping of magnesium and manganese concentrations in the seeds of C. arietinum and C. reticulatum. Genomics 2019; 112:1633-1642. [PMID: 31669504 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2019.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the oldest and most important pulse crops grown and consumed all over the world, especially in developing countries. Magnesium (Mg) and manganese (Mn) are essential plant nutrients in terms of human health and many health problems arise in their deficiencies. The objectives of this study were to characterize genetic variability in the seed Mg and Mn concentrations and identify single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers associated with these traits in 107 Cicer reticulatum and 73C. arietinum genotypes, using a genome wide association study. The genotypes were grown in four environments, characterized for Mg and Mn concentrations, and genotyped with 121,841 SNP markers. The population showed three-fold and two-fold variation for the Mg and Mn concentrations, respectively. The population structure was identified using STRUCTURE software, which divided 180 genotypes into two (K = 2) groups. Principal component analysis and neighbor joining tree analysis confirmed the results of STRUCTURE. A total of 4 and 16 consistent SNPs were detected for the Mg and Mn concentrations, respectively. The identified markers can be utilized in breeding of chickpea to increase Mg and Mn levels in order to improve human and livestock nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Karaca
- Ege University, Department of Bioengineering, 35040, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Duygu Ates
- Ege University, Department of Bioengineering, 35040, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Seda Nemli
- Ege University, Department of Bioengineering, 35040, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Esin Ozkuru
- Ege University, Department of Bioengineering, 35040, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hasan Yilmaz
- Ege University, Department of Bioengineering, 35040, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Bulent Yagmur
- Ege University, Department of Soil Sciences, 35040, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Canan Kartal
- Ege University, Department of Food Engineering, 35040, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Muzaffer Tosun
- Ege University, Department of Field Crops, 35040, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ozgul Ozdestan Ocak
- Ege University, Department of Food Engineering, 35040, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Semih Otles
- Ege University, Department of Food Engineering, 35040, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Kahriman
- Harran University, Department of Field Crops, 64000 Sanli Urfa, Turkey
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Hejna O, Havlickova L, He Z, Bancroft I, Curn V. Analysing the genetic architecture of clubroot resistance variation in Brassica napus by associative transcriptomics. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2019; 39:112. [PMID: 31396013 PMCID: PMC6647481 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-019-1021-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Clubroot is a destructive soil-borne pathogen of Brassicaceae that causes significant recurrent reductions in yield of cruciferous crops. Although there is some resistance in oilseed rape (a crop type of the species Brassica napus), the genetic basis of that resistance is poorly understood. In this study, we used an associative transcriptomics approach to elucidate the genetic basis of resistance to clubroot pathotype ECD 17/31/31 across a genetic diversity panel of 245 accessions of B. napus. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) association analysis was performed with 256,397 SNPs distributed across the genome of B. napus and combined with transcript abundance data of 53,889 coding DNA sequence (CDS) gene models. The SNP association analysis identified two major loci (on chromosomes A2 and A3) controlling resistance and seven minor loci. Within these were a total of 86 SNP markers. Altogether, 392 genes were found in these regions. Another 21 genes were implicated as potentially involved in resistance using gene expression marker (GEM) analysis. After GO enrichment analysis and InterPro functional analysis of the identified genes, 82 candidate genes were identified as having roles in clubroot resistance. These results provide useful information for marker-assisted breeding which could lead to acceleration of pyramiding of multiple clubroot resistance genes in new varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Hejna
- Biotechnological Centre, Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia, Studentska, 1668 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Lenka Havlickova
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Zhesi He
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Ian Bancroft
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Vladislav Curn
- Biotechnological Centre, Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia, Studentska, 1668 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
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Alcock TD, Havlickova L, He Z, Wilson L, Bancroft I, White PJ, Broadley MR, Graham NS. Species-Wide Variation in Shoot Nitrate Concentration, and Genetic Loci Controlling Nitrate, Phosphorus and Potassium Accumulation in Brassica napus L. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1487. [PMID: 30386356 PMCID: PMC6198146 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Large nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer inputs are used in many crop systems. Identifying genetic loci controlling nutrient accumulation may be useful in crop breeding strategies to increase fertilizer use efficiency and reduce financial and environmental costs. Here, variation in leaf nitrate concentration across a diversity population of 383 genotypes of Brassica napus was characterized. Genetic loci controlling variation in leaf nitrate, phosphorus and potassium concentration were then identified through Associative Transcriptomics using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and gene expression markers (GEMs). Leaf nitrate concentration varied over 8-fold across the diversity population. A total of 455 SNP markers were associated with leaf nitrate concentration after false-discovery-rate (FDR) correction. In linkage disequilibrium of highly associated markers are a number of known nitrate transporters and sensors, including a gene thought to mediate expression of the major nitrate transporter NRT1.1. Several genes influencing root and root-hair development co-localize with chromosomal regions associated with leaf P concentration. Orthologs of three ABC-transporters involved in suberin synthesis in roots also co-localize with association peaks for both leaf nitrate and phosphorus. Allelic variation at nearby, highly associated SNPs confers large variation in leaf nitrate and phosphorus concentration. A total of five GEMs associated with leaf K concentration after FDR correction including a GEM that corresponds to an auxin-response family protein. Candidate loci, genes and favorable alleles identified here may prove useful in marker-assisted selection strategies to improve fertilizer use efficiency in B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas D. Alcock
- Plant and Crop Sciences Division, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | | | - Zhesi He
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Lolita Wilson
- Plant and Crop Sciences Division, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Bancroft
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Philip J. White
- The James Hutton Institute, Dundee, United Kingdom
- Distinguished Scientist Fellowship Program, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Martin R. Broadley
- Plant and Crop Sciences Division, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Neil S. Graham
- Plant and Crop Sciences Division, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Neil S. Graham
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