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Park S, Park YO, Park Y. Population Genetic Analysis in Persimmons ( Diospyros kaki Thunb.) Based on Genome-Wide Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12112097. [PMID: 37299077 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the genetic diversity and population structure of a persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb., 2n = 6x = 90) collection in South Korea by evaluating 9751 genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) detected using genotyping-by-sequencing in 93 cultivars. The results of neighbor-joining clustering, principal component analysis, and STRUCTURE analysis based on SNPs indicated clear separation between cultivar groups (pollination-constant nonastringent (PCNA, 40 cultivars), pollination-constant astringent (PCA, 19), pollination-variant nonastringent (PVNA, 23), and the pollination-variant astringent type (PVA, 9)) based on the astringency types, while separation between PVA and PVNA-type cultivars was unclear. Population genetic diversity based on SNPs showed that the proportions of polymorphic SNPs within each group ranged from 99.01% (PVNA) to 94.08% (PVA), and the PVNA group exhibited the highest genetic diversity (He = 3.86 and uHe = 0.397). F (fixation index) values were low ranging from -0.024 (PVA) to 0.176 (PCA) with an average of 0.089, indicating a deficiency of heterozygosity. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) and Fst among cultivar groups indicated that variation within individuals was higher than that among the groups. Pairwise Fst values among the groups ranged from 0.01566 (between PVA and PVNA) to 0.09416 (between PCA and PCNA), indicating a low level of cultivar type differentiation. These findings highlight the potential application of biallelic SNPs in population genetics studies of allopolyploids species and provide valuable insights that may have significant implications for breeding and cultivar identification in persimmon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seoyeon Park
- Department of Horticultural Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Ok Park
- Sweet Persimmon Research Institute, Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Gimhae 50871, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghoon Park
- Department of Horticultural Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
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Multi-Omics Approaches to Improve Clubroot Resistance in Brassica with a Special Focus on Brassica oleracea L. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169280. [PMID: 36012543 PMCID: PMC9409056 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Brassica oleracea is an agronomically important species of the Brassicaceae family, including several nutrient-rich vegetables grown and consumed across the continents. But its sustainability is heavily constrained by a range of destructive pathogens, among which, clubroot disease, caused by a biotrophic protist Plasmodiophora brassicae, has caused significant yield and economic losses worldwide, thereby threatening global food security. To counter the pathogen attack, it demands a better understanding of the complex phenomenon of Brassica-P. brassicae pathosystem at the physiological, biochemical, molecular, and cellular levels. In recent years, multiple omics technologies with high-throughput techniques have emerged as successful in elucidating the responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. In Brassica spp., omics technologies such as genomics, transcriptomics, ncRNAomics, proteomics, and metabolomics are well documented, allowing us to gain insights into the dynamic changes that transpired during host-pathogen interactions at a deeper level. So, it is critical that we must review the recent advances in omics approaches and discuss how the current knowledge in multi-omics technologies has been able to breed high-quality clubroot-resistant B. oleracea. This review highlights the recent advances made in utilizing various omics approaches to understand the host resistance mechanisms adopted by Brassica crops in response to the P. brassicae attack. Finally, we have discussed the bottlenecks and the way forward to overcome the persisting knowledge gaps in delivering solutions to breed clubroot-resistant Brassica crops in a holistic, targeted, and precise way.
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Rahman M, Hoque A, Roy J. Linkage disequilibrium and population structure in a core collection of Brassica napus (L.). PLoS One 2022; 17:e0250310. [PMID: 35231054 PMCID: PMC8887726 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Estimation of genetic diversity in rapeseed is important for sustainable breeding program to provide an option for the development of new breeding lines. The objective of this study was to elucidate the patterns of genetic diversity within and among different structural groups, and measure the extent of linkage disequilibrium (LD) of 383 globally distributed rapeseed germplasm using 8,502 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. We divided the germplasm collection into five subpopulations (P1 to P5) according to geographic and growth habit-related patterns. All subpopulations showed moderate genetic diversity (average H = 0.22 and I = 0.34). The pairwise Fst comparison revealed a great degree of divergence (Fst > 0.24) between most of the combinations. The rutabaga type showed highest divergence with spring and winter types. Higher divergence was also found between winter and spring types. Admixture model based structure analysis, principal component and neighbor-joining tree analysis placed all subpopulations into three distinct clusters. Admixed genotype constituted 29.24% of total genotypes, while remaining 70.76% belongs to identified clusters. Overall, mean linkage disequilibrium was 0.03 and it decayed to its half maximum within < 45 kb distance for whole genome. The LD decay was slower in C genome (< 93 kb); relative to the A genome (< 21 kb) which was confirmed by availability of larger haplotype blocks in C genome than A genome. The findings regarding LD pattern and population structure will help to utilize the collection as an important resource for association mapping efforts to identify genes useful in crop improvement as well as for selection of parents for hybrid breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukhlesur Rahman
- Department of Pant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, United States of America
| | - Ahasanul Hoque
- Department of Pant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, United States of America
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Jayanta Roy
- Department of Pant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, United States of America
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Ibrahim S, Li K, Ahmad N, Kuang L, Sadau SB, Tian Z, Huang L, Wang X, Dun X, Wang H. Genetic Dissection of Mature Root Characteristics by Genome-Wide Association Studies in Rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10122569. [PMID: 34961040 PMCID: PMC8705616 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Roots are complicated quantitative characteristics that play an essential role in absorbing water and nutrients. To uncover the genetic variations for root-related traits in rapeseed, twelve mature root traits of a Brassica napus association panel were investigated in the field within three environments. All traits showed significant phenotypic variation among genotypes, with heritabilities ranging from 55.18% to 79.68%. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using 20,131 SNPs discovered 172 marker-trait associations, including 103 significant SNPs (-log10 (p) > 4.30) that explained 5.24-20.31% of the phenotypic variance. With the linkage disequilibrium r2 > 0.2, these significant associations were binned into 40 quantitative trait loci (QTL) clusters. Among them, 14 important QTL clusters were discovered in two environments and/or with phenotypic contributions greater than 10%. By analyzing the genomic regions within 100 kb upstream and downstream of the peak SNPs within the 14 loci, 334 annotated genes were found. Among these, 32 genes were potentially associated with root development according to their expression analysis. Furthermore, the protein interaction network using the 334 annotated genes gave nine genes involved in a substantial number of interactions, including a key gene associated with root development, BnaC09g36350D. This research provides the groundwork for deciphering B. napus' genetic variations and improving its root system architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sani Ibrahim
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China; (S.I.); (K.L.); (N.A.); (L.K.); (Z.T.); (L.H.); (X.W.); (H.W.)
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, College of Physical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bayero University, Kano, P.M.B. 3011, Kano 700006, Nigeria
| | - Keqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China; (S.I.); (K.L.); (N.A.); (L.K.); (Z.T.); (L.H.); (X.W.); (H.W.)
| | - Nazir Ahmad
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China; (S.I.); (K.L.); (N.A.); (L.K.); (Z.T.); (L.H.); (X.W.); (H.W.)
| | - Lieqiong Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China; (S.I.); (K.L.); (N.A.); (L.K.); (Z.T.); (L.H.); (X.W.); (H.W.)
| | - Salisu Bello Sadau
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China;
| | - Ze Tian
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China; (S.I.); (K.L.); (N.A.); (L.K.); (Z.T.); (L.H.); (X.W.); (H.W.)
| | - Lintao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China; (S.I.); (K.L.); (N.A.); (L.K.); (Z.T.); (L.H.); (X.W.); (H.W.)
| | - Xinfa Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China; (S.I.); (K.L.); (N.A.); (L.K.); (Z.T.); (L.H.); (X.W.); (H.W.)
| | - Xiaoling Dun
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China; (S.I.); (K.L.); (N.A.); (L.K.); (Z.T.); (L.H.); (X.W.); (H.W.)
| | - Hanzhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China; (S.I.); (K.L.); (N.A.); (L.K.); (Z.T.); (L.H.); (X.W.); (H.W.)
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Derbyshire MC, Khentry Y, Severn-Ellis A, Mwape V, Saad NSM, Newman TE, Taiwo A, Regmi R, Buchwaldt L, Denton-Giles M, Batley J, Kamphuis LG. Modeling first order additive × additive epistasis improves accuracy of genomic prediction for sclerotinia stem rot resistance in canola. THE PLANT GENOME 2021; 14:e20088. [PMID: 33629543 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum infects hundreds of plant species including many crops. Resistance to this pathogen in canola (Brassica napus L. subsp. napus) is controlled by numerous quantitative trait loci (QTL). For such polygenic traits, genomic prediction may be useful for breeding as it can capture many QTL at once while also considering nonadditive genetic effects. Here, we test application of common regression models to genomic prediction of S. sclerotiorum resistance in canola in a diverse panel of 218 plants genotyped at 24,634 loci. Disease resistance was scored by infection with an aggressive isolate and monitoring over 3 wk. We found that including first-order additive × additive epistasis in linear mixed models (LMMs) improved accuracy of breeding value estimation between 3 and 40%, depending on method of assessment, and correlation between phenotypes and predicted total genetic values by 14%. Bayesian models performed similarly to or worse than genomic relationship matrix-based models for estimating breeding values or overall phenotypes from genetic values. Bayesian ridge regression, which is most similar to the genomic relationship matrix-based approach in the amount of shrinkage it applies to marker effects, was the most accurate of this family of models. This confirms several studies indicating the highly polygenic nature of sclerotinia stem rot resistance. Overall, our results highlight the use of simple epistasis terms for prediction of breeding values and total genetic values for a complex disease resistance phenotype in canola.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C Derbyshire
- Centre for Crop and Disease Management, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Yuphin Khentry
- Centre for Crop and Disease Management, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Anita Severn-Ellis
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Virginia Mwape
- Centre for Crop and Disease Management, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nur Shuhadah Mohd Saad
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Toby E Newman
- Centre for Crop and Disease Management, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Akeem Taiwo
- Centre for Crop and Disease Management, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Roshan Regmi
- Centre for Crop and Disease Management, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lone Buchwaldt
- Agriculture and Agri-Food, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | | | - Jacqueline Batley
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lars G Kamphuis
- Centre for Crop and Disease Management, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Kumar P, Choudhary M, Jat BS, Kumar B, Singh V, Kumar V, Singla D, Rakshit S. Skim sequencing: an advanced NGS technology for crop improvement. J Genet 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12041-021-01285-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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7
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Dakouri A, Lamara M, Karim MM, Wang J, Chen Q, Gossen BD, Strelkov SE, Hwang SF, Peng G, Yu F. Identification of resistance loci against new pathotypes of Plasmodiophora brassicae in Brassica napus based on genome-wide association mapping. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6599. [PMID: 33758222 PMCID: PMC7987998 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85836-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic resistance is a successful strategy for management of clubroot (Plasmodiophora brassicae) of brassica crops, but resistance can break down quickly. Identification of novel sources of resistance is especially important when new pathotypes arise. In the current study, the reaction of 177 accessions of Brassica napus to four new, virulent pathotypes of P. brassicae was assessed. Each accession was genotyped using genotyping by sequencing to identify and map novel sources of clubroot resistance using mixed linear model (MLM) analysis. The majority of accessions were highly susceptible (70–100 DSI), but a few accessions exhibited strong resistance (0–20 DSI) to pathotypes 5X (21 accessions), 3A (8), 2B (7), and 3D (15), based on the Canadian Clubroot Differential system. In total, 301,753 SNPs were mapped to 19 chromosomes. Population structure analysis indicated that the 177 accessions belong to seven major populations. SNPs were associated with resistance to each pathotype using MLM. In total, 13 important SNP loci were identified, with 9 SNPs mapped to the A-genome and 4 to the C-genome. The SNPs were associated with resistance to pathotypes 5X (2 SNPs), 3A (4), 2B (5) and 3D (6). A Blast search of 1.6 Mb upstream and downstream from each SNP identified 13 disease-resistance genes or domains. The distance between a SNP locus and the nearest resistance gene ranged from 0.04 to 0.74 Mb. The resistant lines and SNP markers identified in this study can be used to breed for resistance to the most prevalent new pathotypes of P. brassicae in Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulsalam Dakouri
- Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Mebarek Lamara
- Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, Canada.,Institut de Recherche Sur Les Forêts (IRF), Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, 445 boul. de l'Université, Rouyn-Noranda, QC, J9X 5E4, Canada
| | - Md Masud Karim
- Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Jinghe Wang
- Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Qilin Chen
- Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Bruce D Gossen
- Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Stephen E Strelkov
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sheau-Fang Hwang
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gary Peng
- Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Fengqun Yu
- Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, Canada.
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Application of Genomics to Understand Salt Tolerance in Lentil. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12030332. [PMID: 33668850 PMCID: PMC7996261 DOI: 10.3390/genes12030332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil salinity is a major abiotic stress, limiting lentil productivity worldwide. Understanding the genetic basis of salt tolerance is vital to develop tolerant varieties. A diversity panel consisting of 276 lentil accessions was screened in a previous study through traditional and image-based approaches to quantify growth under salt stress. Genotyping was performed using two contrasting methods, targeted (tGBS) and transcriptome (GBS-t) genotyping-by-sequencing, to evaluate the most appropriate methodology. tGBS revealed the highest number of single-base variants (SNPs) (c. 56,349), and markers were more evenly distributed across the genome compared to GBS-t. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted using a mixed linear model. Significant marker-trait associations were observed on Chromosome 2 as well as Chromosome 4, and a range of candidate genes was identified from the reference genome, the most plausible being potassium transporters, which are known to be involved in salt tolerance in related species. Detailed mineral composition performed on salt-treated and control plant tissues revealed the salt tolerance mechanism in lentil, in which tolerant accessions do not transport Na+ ions around the plant instead localize within the root tissues. The pedigree analysis identified two parental accessions that could have been the key sources of tolerance in this dataset.
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9
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Mohd Saad NS, Severn-Ellis AA, Pradhan A, Edwards D, Batley J. Genomics Armed With Diversity Leads the Way in Brassica Improvement in a Changing Global Environment. Front Genet 2021; 12:600789. [PMID: 33679880 PMCID: PMC7930750 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.600789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Meeting the needs of a growing world population in the face of imminent climate change is a challenge; breeding of vegetable and oilseed Brassica crops is part of the race in meeting these demands. Available genetic diversity constituting the foundation of breeding is essential in plant improvement. Elite varieties, land races, and crop wild species are important resources of useful variation and are available from existing genepools or genebanks. Conservation of diversity in genepools, genebanks, and even the wild is crucial in preventing the loss of variation for future breeding efforts. In addition, the identification of suitable parental lines and alleles is critical in ensuring the development of resilient Brassica crops. During the past two decades, an increasing number of high-quality nuclear and organellar Brassica genomes have been assembled. Whole-genome re-sequencing and the development of pan-genomes are overcoming the limitations of the single reference genome and provide the basis for further exploration. Genomic and complementary omic tools such as microarrays, transcriptomics, epigenetics, and reverse genetics facilitate the study of crop evolution, breeding histories, and the discovery of loci associated with highly sought-after agronomic traits. Furthermore, in genomic selection, predicted breeding values based on phenotype and genome-wide marker scores allow the preselection of promising genotypes, enhancing genetic gains and substantially quickening the breeding cycle. It is clear that genomics, armed with diversity, is set to lead the way in Brassica improvement; however, a multidisciplinary plant breeding approach that includes phenotype = genotype × environment × management interaction will ultimately ensure the selection of resilient Brassica varieties ready for climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jacqueline Batley
- School of Biological Sciences Western Australia and UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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10
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Cui Y, Ge Q, Zhao P, Chen W, Sang X, Zhao Y, Chen Q, Wang H. Rapid Mining of Candidate Genes for Verticillium Wilt Resistance in Cotton Based on BSA-Seq Analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:703011. [PMID: 34691091 PMCID: PMC8531640 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.703011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Cotton is a globally important cash crop. Verticillium wilt (VW) is commonly known as "cancer" of cotton and causes serious loss of yield and fiber quality in cotton production around the world. Here, we performed a BSA-seq analysis using an F2:3 segregation population to identify the candidate loci involved in VW resistance. Two QTLs (qvw-D05-1 and qvw-D05-2) related to VW resistance in cotton were identified using two resistant/susceptible bulks from the F2 segregation population constructed by crossing the resistant cultivar ZZM2 with the susceptible cultivar J11. A total of 30stop-lost SNPs and 42 stop-gained SNPs, which included 17 genes, were screened in the qvw-D05-2 region by SnpEff analysis. Further analysis of the transcriptome data and qRT-PCR revealed that the expression level of Ghir_D05G037630 (designated as GhDRP) varied significantly at certain time points after infection with V. dahliae. The virus-induced gene silencing of GhDRP resulted in higher susceptibility of the plants to V. dahliae than the control, suggesting that GhDRP is involved in the resistance to V. dahlia infection. This study provides a method for rapid mining of quantitative trait loci and screening of candidate genes, as well as enriches the genomic information and gene resources for the molecular breeding of disease resistance in cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Cui
- Engineering Research Centre of Cotton, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Qun Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Pei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Xiaohui Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Yunlei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- *Correspondence: Yunlei Zhao,
| | - Quanjia Chen
- Engineering Research Centre of Cotton, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi, China
- Quanjia Chen,
| | - Hongmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Hongmei Wang,
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11
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Braich S, Baillie RC, Spangenberg GC, Cogan NOI. A new and improved genome sequence of Cannabis sativa. GIGABYTE 2020; 2020:gigabyte10. [PMID: 36824593 PMCID: PMC9632002 DOI: 10.46471/gigabyte.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cannabis is a diploid species (2n = 20), the estimated haploid genome sizes of the female and male plants using flow cytometry are 818 and 843 Mb respectively. Although the genome of Cannabis has been sequenced (from hemp, wild and high-THC strains), all assemblies have significant gaps. In addition, there are inconsistencies in the chromosome numbering which limits their use. A new comprehensive draft genome sequence assembly (∼900 Mb) has been generated from the medicinal cannabis strain Cannbio-2, that produces a balanced ratio of cannabidiol and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol using long-read sequencing. The assembly was subsequently analysed for completeness by ordering the contigs into chromosome-scale pseudomolecules using a reference genome assembly approach, annotated and compared to other existing reference genome assemblies. The Cannbio-2 genome sequence assembly was found to be the most complete genome sequence available based on nucleotides assembled and BUSCO evaluation in Cannabis sativa with a comprehensive genome annotation. The new draft genome sequence is an advancement in Cannabis genomics permitting pan-genome analysis, genomic selection as well as genome editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivraj Braich
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia,School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Rebecca C. Baillie
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
| | - German C. Spangenberg
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia,School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Noel O. I. Cogan
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia,School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia, Corresponding author. E-mail:
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12
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Fikere M, Barbulescu DM, Malmberg MM, Spangenberg GC, Cogan NOI, Daetwyler HD. Meta-analysis of GWAS in canola blackleg (Leptosphaeria maculans) disease traits demonstrates increased power from imputed whole-genome sequence. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14300. [PMID: 32868838 PMCID: PMC7459325 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71274-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Blackleg disease causes yield losses in canola (Brassica napus L.). To identify resistance genes and genomic regions, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of 585 diverse winter and spring canola accessions were performed using imputed whole-genome sequence (WGS) and transcriptome genotype-by-sequencing (GBSt). Blackleg disease phenotypes were collected across three years in six trials. GWAS were performed in several ways and their respective power was judged by the number of significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), the false discovery rate (FDR), and the percentage of SNP that validated in additional field trials in two subsequent years. WGS GWAS with 1,234,708 million SNP detected a larger number of significant SNP, achieved a lower FDR and a higher validation rate than GBSt with 64,072 SNP. A meta-analysis combining survival and average internal infection resulted in lower FDR but also lower validation rates. The meta-analysis GWAS identified 79 genomic regions (674 SNP) conferring potential resistance to L. maculans. While several GWAS signals localised in regions of known Rlm genes, fifty-three new potential resistance regions were detected. Seventeen regions had underlying genes with putative functions related to disease defence or stress response in Arabidopsis thaliana. This study provides insight into the genetic architecture and potential molecular mechanisms underlying canola L. maculans resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fikere
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia.,Centre for AgriBioscience, Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia.,Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - D M Barbulescu
- Agriculture Victoria, Grains Innovation Park, Horsham, VIC, 3401, Australia
| | - M M Malmberg
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia.,Centre for AgriBioscience, Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - G C Spangenberg
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia.,Centre for AgriBioscience, Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - N O I Cogan
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia.,Centre for AgriBioscience, Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - H D Daetwyler
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia. .,Centre for AgriBioscience, Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia.
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13
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Gubaev R, Gorlova L, Boldyrev S, Goryunova S, Goruynov D, Mazin P, Chernova A, Martynova E, Demurin Y, Khaitovich P. Genetic Characterization of Russian Rapeseed Collection and Association Mapping of Novel Loci Affecting Glucosinolate Content. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11080926. [PMID: 32806588 PMCID: PMC7465703 DOI: 10.3390/genes11080926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapeseed is the second most common oilseed crop worldwide. While the start of rapeseed breeding in Russia dates back to the middle of the 20th century, its widespread cultivation began only recently. In contrast to the world’s rapeseed genetic variation, the genetic composition of Russian rapeseed lines remained unexplored. We have addressed this question by performing genome-wide genotyping of 90 advanced rapeseed accessions provided by the All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops (VNIIMK). Genome-wide genetic analysis demonstrated a clear difference between Russian rapeseed varieties and the rapeseed varieties from the rest of the world, including the European ones, indicating that rapeseed breeding in Russia proceeded in its own independent direction. Hence, genetic determinants of agronomical traits might also be different in Russian rapeseed lines. To assess it, we collected the glucosinolate content data for the same 90 genotyped accessions obtained during three years and performed an association mapping of this trait. We indeed found that the loci significantly associated with glucosinolate content variation in the Russian rapeseed collection differ from those previously reported for the non-Russian rapeseed lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rim Gubaev
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow 121205, Russia; (R.G.); (S.B.); (S.G.); (D.G.); (P.M.); (A.C.); (E.M.)
| | - Lyudmila Gorlova
- Pustovoit All-Russia Research Institute of Oil Crops, Krasnodar 350038, Russia; (L.G.); (Y.D.)
| | - Stepan Boldyrev
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow 121205, Russia; (R.G.); (S.B.); (S.G.); (D.G.); (P.M.); (A.C.); (E.M.)
| | - Svetlana Goryunova
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow 121205, Russia; (R.G.); (S.B.); (S.G.); (D.G.); (P.M.); (A.C.); (E.M.)
- Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow 119333, Russia
- FSBSI Lorch Potato Research Institute, Kraskovo 140051, Russia
| | - Denis Goruynov
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow 121205, Russia; (R.G.); (S.B.); (S.G.); (D.G.); (P.M.); (A.C.); (E.M.)
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Pavel Mazin
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow 121205, Russia; (R.G.); (S.B.); (S.G.); (D.G.); (P.M.); (A.C.); (E.M.)
| | - Alina Chernova
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow 121205, Russia; (R.G.); (S.B.); (S.G.); (D.G.); (P.M.); (A.C.); (E.M.)
| | - Elena Martynova
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow 121205, Russia; (R.G.); (S.B.); (S.G.); (D.G.); (P.M.); (A.C.); (E.M.)
| | - Yakov Demurin
- Pustovoit All-Russia Research Institute of Oil Crops, Krasnodar 350038, Russia; (L.G.); (Y.D.)
| | - Philipp Khaitovich
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow 121205, Russia; (R.G.); (S.B.); (S.G.); (D.G.); (P.M.); (A.C.); (E.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-916-690-6088
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14
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Dissanayake R, Braich S, Cogan NOI, Smith K, Kaur S. Characterization of Genetic and Allelic Diversity Amongst Cultivated and Wild Lentil Accessions for Germplasm Enhancement. Front Genet 2020; 11:546. [PMID: 32587602 PMCID: PMC7298104 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intensive breeding of cultivated lentil has resulted in a relatively narrow genetic base, which limits the options to increase crop productivity through selection. Assessment of genetic diversity in the wild gene pool of lentil, as well as characterization of useful and novel alleles/genes that can be introgressed into elite germplasm, presents new opportunities and pathways for germplasm enhancement, followed by successful crop improvement. In the current study, a lentil collection consisting of 467 wild and cultivated accessions that originated from 10 diverse geographical regions was assessed, to understand genetic relationships among different lentil species/subspecies. A total of 422,101 high-confidence SNP markers were identified against the reference lentil genome (cv. CDC Redberry). Phylogenetic analysis clustered the germplasm collection into four groups, namely, Lens culinaris/Lens orientalis, Lens lamottei/Lens odemensis, Lens ervoides, and Lens nigricans. A weak correlation was observed between geographical origin and genetic relationship, except for some accessions of L. culinaris and L. ervoides. Genetic distance matrices revealed a comparable level of variation within the gene pools of L. culinaris (Nei’s coefficient 0.01468–0.71163), L. ervoides (Nei’s coefficient 0.01807–0.71877), and L. nigricans (Nei’s coefficient 0.02188–1.2219). In order to understand any genic differences at species/subspecies level, allele frequencies were calculated from a subset of 263 lentil accessions. Among all cultivated and wild lentil species, L. nigricans exhibited the greatest allelic differentiation across the genome compared to all other species/subspecies. Major differences were observed on six genomic regions with the largest being on Chromosome 1 (c. 1 Mbp). These results indicate that L. nigricans is the most distantly related to L. culinaris and additional structural variations are likely to be identified from genome sequencing studies. This would provide further insights into evolutionary relationships between cultivated and wild lentil germplasm, for germplasm improvement and introgression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruwani Dissanayake
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.,Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Shivraj Braich
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.,School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Noel O I Cogan
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.,School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kevin Smith
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Agriculture Victoria, Hamilton, VIC, Australia
| | - Sukhjiwan Kaur
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
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15
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Fikere M, Barbulescu DM, Malmberg MM, Maharjan P, Salisbury PA, Kant S, Panozzo J, Norton S, Spangenberg GC, Cogan NOI, Daetwyler HD. Genomic Prediction and Genetic Correlation of Agronomic, Blackleg Disease, and Seed Quality Traits in Canola ( Brassica napus L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E719. [PMID: 32517116 PMCID: PMC7356366 DOI: 10.3390/plants9060719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Genomic selection accelerates genetic progress in crop breeding through the prediction of future phenotypes of selection candidates based on only their genomic information. Here we report genetic correlations and genomic prediction accuracies in 22 agronomic, disease, and seed quality traits measured across multiple years (2015-2017) in replicated trials under rain-fed and irrigated conditions in Victoria, Australia. Two hundred and two spring canola lines were genotyped for 62,082 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) using transcriptomic genotype-by-sequencing (GBSt). Traits were evaluated in single trait and bivariate genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) models and cross-validation. GBLUP were also expanded to include genotype-by-environment G × E interactions. Genomic heritability varied from 0.31to 0.66. Genetic correlations were highly positive within traits across locations and years. Oil content was positively correlated with most agronomic traits. Strong, not previously documented, negative correlations were observed between average internal infection (a measure of blackleg disease) and arachidic and stearic acids. The genetic correlations between fatty acid traits followed the expected patterns based on oil biosynthesis pathways. Genomic prediction accuracy ranged from 0.29 for emergence count to 0.69 for seed yield. The incorporation of G × E translates into improved prediction accuracy by up to 6%. The genomic prediction accuracies achieved indicate that genomic selection is ready for application in canola breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mulusew Fikere
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia; (M.F.); (M.M.M.); (G.C.S.); (N.O.I.C.)
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia;
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Denise M. Barbulescu
- Agriculture Victoria, Grains Innovation Park, Horsham, VIC 3400, Australia; (D.M.B.); (P.M.); (S.K.); (J.P.); (S.N.)
| | - M. Michelle Malmberg
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia; (M.F.); (M.M.M.); (G.C.S.); (N.O.I.C.)
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia;
| | - Pankaj Maharjan
- Agriculture Victoria, Grains Innovation Park, Horsham, VIC 3400, Australia; (D.M.B.); (P.M.); (S.K.); (J.P.); (S.N.)
| | - Phillip A. Salisbury
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia;
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Surya Kant
- Agriculture Victoria, Grains Innovation Park, Horsham, VIC 3400, Australia; (D.M.B.); (P.M.); (S.K.); (J.P.); (S.N.)
- Centre for Agricultural Innovation, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Joe Panozzo
- Agriculture Victoria, Grains Innovation Park, Horsham, VIC 3400, Australia; (D.M.B.); (P.M.); (S.K.); (J.P.); (S.N.)
- Centre for Agricultural Innovation, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Sally Norton
- Agriculture Victoria, Grains Innovation Park, Horsham, VIC 3400, Australia; (D.M.B.); (P.M.); (S.K.); (J.P.); (S.N.)
| | - German C. Spangenberg
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia; (M.F.); (M.M.M.); (G.C.S.); (N.O.I.C.)
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia;
| | - Noel O. I. Cogan
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia; (M.F.); (M.M.M.); (G.C.S.); (N.O.I.C.)
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia;
| | - Hans D. Daetwyler
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia; (M.F.); (M.M.M.); (G.C.S.); (N.O.I.C.)
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia;
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16
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Zou J, Mao L, Qiu J, Wang M, Jia L, Wu D, He Z, Chen M, Shen Y, Shen E, Huang Y, Li R, Hu D, Shi L, Wang K, Zhu Q, Ye C, Bancroft I, King GJ, Meng J, Fan L. Genome-wide selection footprints and deleterious variations in young Asian allotetraploid rapeseed. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2019; 17:1998-2010. [PMID: 30947395 PMCID: PMC6737024 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Brassica napus (AACC, 2n = 38) is an important oilseed crop grown worldwide. However, little is known about the population evolution of this species, the genomic difference between its major genetic groups, such as European and Asian rapeseed, and the impacts of historical large-scale introgression events on this young tetraploid. In this study, we reported the de novo assembly of the genome sequences of an Asian rapeseed (B. napus), Ningyou 7, and its four progenitors and compared these genomes with other available genomic data from diverse European and Asian cultivars. Our results showed that Asian rapeseed originally derived from European rapeseed but subsequently significantly diverged, with rapid genome differentiation after hybridization and intensive local selective breeding. The first historical introgression of B. rapa dramatically broadened the allelic pool but decreased the deleterious variations of Asian rapeseed. The second historical introgression of the double-low traits of European rapeseed (canola) has reshaped Asian rapeseed into two groups (double-low and double-high), accompanied by an increase in genetic load in the double-low group. This study demonstrates distinctive genomic footprints and deleterious SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) variants for local adaptation by recent intra- and interspecies introgression events and provides novel insights for understanding the rapid genome evolution of a young allopolyploid crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Lingfeng Mao
- Institute of Crop Sciences & Institute of BioinformaticsZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jie Qiu
- Institute of Crop Sciences & Institute of BioinformaticsZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Meng Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Lei Jia
- Institute of Crop Sciences & Institute of BioinformaticsZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Dongya Wu
- Institute of Crop Sciences & Institute of BioinformaticsZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Zhesi He
- Department of BiologyYork UniversityHeslingtonUK
| | - Meihong Chen
- Institute of Crop Sciences & Institute of BioinformaticsZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yifei Shen
- Institute of Crop Sciences & Institute of BioinformaticsZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Enhui Shen
- Institute of Crop Sciences & Institute of BioinformaticsZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yongji Huang
- Center for Genomics and BiotechnologyHaixia Institute of Science and Technology (HIST)Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Ruiyuan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Dandan Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Lei Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Kai Wang
- Center for Genomics and BiotechnologyHaixia Institute of Science and Technology (HIST)Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | | | - Chuyu Ye
- Institute of Crop Sciences & Institute of BioinformaticsZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Ian Bancroft
- Department of BiologyYork UniversityHeslingtonUK
| | - Graham J. King
- Southern Cross Plant ScienceSouthern Cross UniversityLismoreNSWAustralia
| | - Jinling Meng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Longjiang Fan
- Institute of Crop Sciences & Institute of BioinformaticsZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
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17
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Malmberg MM, Spangenberg GC, Daetwyler HD, Cogan NOI. Assessment of low-coverage nanopore long read sequencing for SNP genotyping in doubled haploid canola (Brassica napus L.). Sci Rep 2019; 9:8688. [PMID: 31213642 PMCID: PMC6582154 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45131-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the high accuracy of short read sequencing (SRS), there are still issues with attaining accurate single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes at low sequencing coverage and in highly duplicated genomes due to misalignment. Long read sequencing (LRS) systems, including the Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) minION, have become popular options for de novo genome assembly and structural variant characterisation. The current high error rate often requires substantial post-sequencing correction and would appear to prevent the adoption of this system for SNP genotyping, but nanopore sequencing errors are largely random. Using low coverage ONT minION sequencing for genotyping of pre-validated SNP loci was examined in 9 canola doubled haploids. The minION genotypes were compared to the Illumina sequences to determine the extent and nature of genotype discrepancies between the two systems. The significant increase in read length improved alignment to the genome and the absence of classical SRS biases results in a more even representation of the genome. Sequencing errors are present, primarily in the form of heterozygous genotypes, which can be removed in completely homozygous backgrounds but requires more advanced bioinformatics in heterozygous genomes. Developments in this technology are promising for routine genotyping in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Malmberg
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia.,School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - G C Spangenberg
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia.,School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - H D Daetwyler
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia.,School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - N O I Cogan
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia. .,School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3086, Australia.
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18
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Malmberg MM, Barbulescu DM, Drayton MC, Shinozuka M, Thakur P, Ogaji YO, Spangenberg GC, Daetwyler HD, Cogan NOI. Evaluation and Recommendations for Routine Genotyping Using Skim Whole Genome Re-sequencing in Canola. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1809. [PMID: 30581450 PMCID: PMC6292936 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Whole genome sequencing offers genome wide, unbiased markers, and inexpensive library preparation. With the cost of sequencing decreasing rapidly, many plant genomes of modest size are amenable to skim whole genome resequencing (skim WGR). The use of skim WGR in diverse sample sets without the use of imputation was evaluated in silico in 149 canola samples representative of global diversity. Fastq files with an average of 10x coverage of the reference genome were used to generate skim samples representing 0.25x, 0.5x, 1x, 2x, 3x, 4x, and 5x sequencing coverage. Applying a pre-defined list of SNPs versus de novo SNP discovery was evaluated. As skim WGR is expected to result in some degree of insufficient allele sampling, all skim coverage levels were filtered at a range of minimum read depths from a relaxed minimum read depth of 2 to a stringent read depth of 5, resulting in 28 list-based SNP sets. As a broad recommendation, genotyping pre-defined SNPs between 1x and 2x coverage with relatively stringent depth filtering is appropriate for a diverse sample set of canola due to a balance between marker number, sufficient accuracy, and sequencing cost, but depends on the intended application. This was experimentally examined in two sample sets with different genetic backgrounds: 1x coverage of 1,590 individuals from 84 Australian spring type four-parent crosses aimed at maximizing diversity as well as one commercial F1 hybrid, and 2x coverage of 379 doubled haploids (DHs) derived from a subset of the four-parent crosses. To determine optimal coverage in a simpler genetic background, the DH sample sequence coverage was further down sampled in silico. The flexible and cost-effective nature of the protocol makes it highly applicable across a range of species and purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Michelle Malmberg
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Michelle C. Drayton
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Maiko Shinozuka
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Preeti Thakur
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Yvonne O. Ogaji
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - German C. Spangenberg
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Hans D. Daetwyler
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Noel O. I. Cogan
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
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