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Ouaja M, Bahri BA, Ferjaoui S, Medini M, Sripada UM, Hamza S. Unlocking the story of resistance to Zymoseptoria tritici in Tunisian old durum wheat germplasm based on population structure analysis. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:328. [PMID: 37322410 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09395-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Septoria tritici blotch (STB) remains a significant obstacle to durum wheat cultivation on a global scale. This disease remains a challenge for farmers, researchers, and breeders, who are collectively dedicated to reduce its damage and improve wheat resistance. Tunisian durum wheat landraces have been recognized as valuable genetic ressources that exhibit resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses and therefore play a crucial role in breeding program aimed at creating new wheat varieties resistant to fungal diseases as STB, as well as adapted to climate change constraints. RESULTS A total of 366 local durum wheat accessions were assessed for resistance to two virulent Tunisian isolates of Zymoseptoria tritici Tun06 and TM220 under field conditions. Population structure analysis of the durum wheat accessions, performed with 286 polymorphic SNPs (PIC > 0.3) covering the entire genome, identified three genetic subpopulations (GS1, GS2 and GS3) with 22% of admixed genotypes. Interestingly, all of the resistant genotypes were among GS2 or admixed with GS2. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed the population structure and the genetic distribution of the resistance to Z. tritici in the Tunisian durum wheat landraces. Accessions grouping pattern reflected the geographical origins of the landraces. We suggested that GS2 accessions were mostly derived from eastern Mediterranean populations, unlike GS1 and GS3 that originated from the west. Resistant GS2 accessions belonged to landraces Taganrog, Sbei glabre, Richi, Mekki, Badri, Jneh Khotifa and Azizi. Furthermore, we suggested that admixture contributed to transmit STB resistance from GS2 resistant landraces to initially susceptible landraces such as Mahmoudi (GS1), but also resulted in the loss of resistance in the case of GS2 susceptible Azizi and Jneh Khotifa accessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maroua Ouaja
- Department of agronomy and plant biotechnology, Laboratory of genetics and cereal breeding (LR14AGR01), The National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia (INAT), University of Carthage, 43 Avenue Charles-Nicolle, Tunis, 1082, Tunisia
| | - Bochra A Bahri
- Department of agronomy and plant biotechnology, Laboratory of genetics and cereal breeding (LR14AGR01), The National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia (INAT), University of Carthage, 43 Avenue Charles-Nicolle, Tunis, 1082, Tunisia
- Department of Plant Pathology, Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA, 30223, USA
| | - Sahbi Ferjaoui
- Field Crops Laboratory, Regional Field Crops Research Center of Beja (CRRGC), P.O. Box 350, Beja, 9000, Tunisia
| | - Maher Medini
- Banque Nationale des Gènes (BNG), Boulevard du Leader Yasser Arafat Z. I Charguia 1, Tunis, 1080, Tunisie
| | - Udupa M Sripada
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Avenue Hafiane Cherkaoui, Rabat, Marocco
| | - Sonia Hamza
- Department of agronomy and plant biotechnology, Laboratory of genetics and cereal breeding (LR14AGR01), The National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia (INAT), University of Carthage, 43 Avenue Charles-Nicolle, Tunis, 1082, Tunisia.
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Guimarães JB, Nunes C, Pereira G, Gomes A, Nhantumbo N, Cabrita P, Matos J, Simões F, Veloso MM. Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) Landraces from Portugal and Mozambique. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12040846. [PMID: 36840194 PMCID: PMC9963184 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) is currently a legume crop of minor importance in Europe but a highly relevant staple crop in Africa and the second most cultivated legume in Mozambique. In Portugal and Mozambique, cowpea's phenotypic and genetic variation has been maintained locally by farmers in some areas. We used the molecular markers SSR, SilicoDArT and SNP to analyze the genetic diversity and population structure of 97 cowpea accessions, mainly from Portugal (Southern Europe) and Mozambique (Southern Africa). As far as we know, this is the first time that the genetic variation and the relationship between cowpea landraces collected in Portugal with those originated in Mozambique is reported. Despite the shared historical past, the Portuguese landraces did not share a common genetic background with those from Mozambique, and two different gene pools were revealed. Knowledge of the genetic structure of cowpea landraces offers an opportunity for individual selection within landraces adapted to particular eco-physiological conditions and suggests the existence of a valuable gene pool for exploitation in future Portugal-PALOP (Portuguese-speaking African countries) cowpea breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Bagoin Guimarães
- Unidade Estratégica de Investigação e Serviços de Biotecnologia e Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Instituto Público, Av. República, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Cátia Nunes
- Unidade Estratégica de Investigação e Serviços de Biotecnologia e Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Instituto Público, Av. República, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Graça Pereira
- Unidade Estratégica de Investigação e Serviços de Biotecnologia e Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Instituto Público, Av. República, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ana Gomes
- Divisão de Agricultura, Instituto Superior Politécnico de Manica (DivAG-ISPM), Campus de Matsinho, Vanduzi, Manica CEP 0607-01, Mozambique
| | - Nascimento Nhantumbo
- Divisão de Agricultura, Instituto Superior Politécnico de Manica (DivAG-ISPM), Campus de Matsinho, Vanduzi, Manica CEP 0607-01, Mozambique
| | - Paula Cabrita
- Unidade Estratégica de Investigação e Serviços de Biotecnologia e Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Instituto Público, Av. República, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - José Matos
- Unidade Estratégica de Investigação e Serviços de Biotecnologia e Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Instituto Público, Av. República, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Simões
- Unidade Estratégica de Investigação e Serviços de Biotecnologia e Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Instituto Público, Av. República, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Maria Manuela Veloso
- Unidade Estratégica de Investigação e Serviços de Biotecnologia e Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Instituto Público, Av. República, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal
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Monteiro E, Castro I, Carvalho M, Martín JP, Rosa E, Carnide V. Iberian Peninsula cowpea diversity: chloroplast, microsatellite and morpho-agronomic variability. SYST BIODIVERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2020.1832155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Monteiro
- Centro de Investigação e de Tecnologias Agro-ambientais e Biológicas (CITAB), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real 5000-801, Portugal
| | - Isaura Castro
- Centro de Investigação e de Tecnologias Agro-ambientais e Biológicas (CITAB), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real 5000-801, Portugal
- Departamento de Genética e Biotecnologia, Escola de Ciências da Vida e do Ambiente, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real 5000-801, Portugal
| | - Márcia Carvalho
- Centro de Investigação e de Tecnologias Agro-ambientais e Biológicas (CITAB), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real 5000-801, Portugal
| | - Juan Pedro Martín
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Eduardo Rosa
- Centro de Investigação e de Tecnologias Agro-ambientais e Biológicas (CITAB), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real 5000-801, Portugal
- Departamento de Agronomia, Escola de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real 5000-801, Portugal
| | - Valdemar Carnide
- Centro de Investigação e de Tecnologias Agro-ambientais e Biológicas (CITAB), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real 5000-801, Portugal
- Departamento de Genética e Biotecnologia, Escola de Ciências da Vida e do Ambiente, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real 5000-801, Portugal
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