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García-Contreras R, de la Mora J, Mora-Montes HM, Martínez-Álvarez JA, Vicente-Gómez M, Padilla-Vaca F, Vargas-Maya NI, Franco B. The inorganic pyrophosphatases of microorganisms: a structural and functional review. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17496. [PMID: 38938619 PMCID: PMC11210485 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Pyrophosphatases (PPases) are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of pyrophosphate (PPi), a byproduct of the synthesis and degradation of diverse biomolecules. The accumulation of PPi in the cell can result in cell death. Although the substrate is the same, there are variations in the catalysis and features of these enzymes. Two enzyme forms have been identified in bacteria: cytoplasmic or soluble pyrophosphatases and membrane-bound pyrophosphatases, which play major roles in cell bioenergetics. In eukaryotic cells, cytoplasmic enzymes are the predominant form of PPases (c-PPases), while membrane enzymes (m-PPases) are found only in protists and plants. The study of bacterial cytoplasmic and membrane-bound pyrophosphatases has slowed in recent years. These enzymes are central to cell metabolism and physiology since phospholipid and nucleic acid synthesis release important amounts of PPi that must be removed to allow biosynthesis to continue. In this review, two aims were pursued: first, to provide insight into the structural features of PPases known to date and that are well characterized, and to provide examples of enzymes with novel features. Second, the scientific community should continue studying these enzymes because they have many biotechnological applications. Additionally, in this review, we provide evidence that there are m-PPases present in fungi; to date, no examples have been characterized. Therefore, the diversity of PPase enzymes is still a fruitful field of research. Additionally, we focused on the roles of H+/Na+ pumps and m-PPases in cell bioenergetics. Finally, we provide some examples of the applications of these enzymes in molecular biology and biotechnology, especially in plants. This review is valuable for professionals in the biochemistry field of protein structure-function relationships and experts in other fields, such as chemistry, nanotechnology, and plant sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo García-Contreras
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Javier de la Mora
- Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Héctor Manuel Mora-Montes
- Departamento de Biología, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - José A. Martínez-Álvarez
- Departamento de Biología, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Marcos Vicente-Gómez
- Departamento de Biología, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Felipe Padilla-Vaca
- Departamento de Biología, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Naurú Idalia Vargas-Maya
- Departamento de Biología, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Bernardo Franco
- Departamento de Biología, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
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Lian B, Wu A, Wu H, Lv X, Sun M, Li Y, Lu Z, Li S, An L, Guo X, Wei F, Fu X, Lu J, Wang H, Ma L, Wei H, Yu S. GhVOZ1-AVP1 module positively regulates salt tolerance in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:129116. [PMID: 38171192 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Vascular Plant One‑zinc Finger (VOZ) transcription factor can respond to a variety of abiotic stresses, however its function in cotton and the molecular mechanisms of response to salt tolerance remained unclear. In this study, we found that GhVOZ1 is highly expressed in stamen and stem of cotton under normal conditions. The expression of GhVOZ1 increased significantly after 3 h of salt treatment in three-leaf staged upland cotton. Overexpressed transgenic lines of GhVOZ1 in Arabidopsis and upland cotton were treated with salt stress and we found that GhVOZ1 could respond positively to salt stress. GhVOZ1 can regulate Arabidopsis Vacuolar Proton Pump Pyrophosphatase (H+-PPase) gene (AVP1) expression through specific binding to GCGTCTAAAGTACGC site on GhAVP1 promoter, which was examined through Dual-luciferase assay and Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). AVP1 expression was significantly increased in Arabidopsis with GhVOZ1 overexpression, while GhAVP1 expression was decreased in virus induced gene silenced (VIGS) cotton plants of GhVOZ1. Knockdown of GhAVP1 expression in cotton plants by VIGS showed decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities, whereas an increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content and ultimately decreased salt tolerance. The GhVOZ1-AVP1 module could maintain sodium ion homeostasis through cell ion transport and positively regulate the salt tolerance in cotton, providing new ideas and insights for the study of salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boying Lian
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shannxi, China
| | - Aimin Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Hongmei Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lv
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Mengxi Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Yiran Li
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Zhengying Lu
- Handan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Handan 056000, Hebei, China
| | - Shiyun Li
- Handan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Handan 056000, Hebei, China
| | - Li An
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Xiaohao Guo
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shannxi, China
| | - Fei Wei
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Xiaokang Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Jianhua Lu
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Hantao Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Liang Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Hengling Wei
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China.
| | - Shuxun Yu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shannxi, China.
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Kettenburg AT, Lopez MA, Yogendra K, Prior MJ, Rose T, Bimson S, Heuer S, Roy SJ, Bailey-Serres J. PHOSPHORUS-STARVATION TOLERANCE 1 (OsPSTOL1) is prevalent in upland rice and enhances root growth and hastens low phosphate signaling in wheat. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:2187-2205. [PMID: 36946067 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
PHOSPHORUS-STARVATION TOLERANCE 1 (OsPSTOL1) is a variably present gene that benefits crown root growth and phosphorus (P) sufficiency in rice (Oryza sativa). To explore the ecophysiological importance of this gene, we performed a biogeographic survey of landraces and cultivars, confirming that functional OsPSTOL1 alleles prevail in low nutrient and drought-prone rainfed ecosystems, whereas loss-of-function and absence haplotypes predominate in control-irrigated paddy varieties of east Asia. An evolutionary history analysis of OsPSTOL1 and related genes in cereal, determined it and other genes are kinase-only domain derivatives of membrane-associated receptor like kinases. Finally, to evaluate the potential value of this kinase of unknown function in another Gramineae, wheat (Triticum aestivum) lines overexpressing OsPSTOL1 were evaluated under field and controlled low P conditions. OsPSTOL1 enhances growth, crown root number, and overall root plasticity under low P in wheat. Survey of root and shoot crown transcriptomes at two developmental stages identifies transcription factors that are differentially regulated in OsPSTOL1 wheat that are similarly controlled by the gene in rice. In wheat, OsPSTOL1 alters the timing and amplitude of regulators of root development in dry soils and hastens induction of the core P-starvation response. OsPSTOL1 and related genes may aid more sustainable cultivation of cereal crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alek T Kettenburg
- Botany and Plant Sciences Department, Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Miguel A Lopez
- Botany and Plant Sciences Department, Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Kalenahalli Yogendra
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine & Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- ARC Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Wheat in a Hot and Dry Climate, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Matthew J Prior
- Botany and Plant Sciences Department, Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Teresa Rose
- Department of Plant Science, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Sabrina Bimson
- Botany and Plant Sciences Department, Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Sigrid Heuer
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine & Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Department of Plant Science, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Stuart J Roy
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine & Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- ARC Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Wheat in a Hot and Dry Climate, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Julia Bailey-Serres
- Botany and Plant Sciences Department, Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California, Riverside, California, USA
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Chaturvedi D, Pundir S, Singh VK, Kumar D, Sharma R, Röder MS, Sharma S, Sharma S. Identification of genomic regions associated with cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae Woll.) resistance in spring and winter wheat. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5916. [PMID: 37041155 PMCID: PMC10090075 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32737-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cereal cyst nematode (CCN) is a major threat to cereal crop production globally including wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). In the present study, single-locus and multi-locus models of Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) were used to find marker trait associations (MTAs) against CCN (Heterodera avenae) in wheat. In total, 180 wheat accessions (100 spring and 80 winter types) were screened against H. avenae in two independent years (2018/2019 "Environment 1" and 2019/2020 "Environment 2") under controlled conditions. A set of 12,908 SNP markers were used to perform the GWAS. Altogether, 11 significant MTAs, with threshold value of -log10 (p-values) ≥ 3.0, were detected using 180 wheat accessions under combined environment (CE). A novel MTA (wsnp_Ex_c53387_56641291) was detected under all environments (E1, E2 and CE) and considered to be stable MTA. Among the identified 11 MTAs, eight were novel and three were co-localized with previously known genes/QTLs/MTAs. In total, 13 putative candidate genes showing differential expression in roots, and known to be involved in plant defense mechanisms were reported. These MTAs could help us to identify resistance alleles from new sources, which could be used to identify wheat varieties with enhanced CCN resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Chaturvedi
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University (CCSU), Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, 250004, India
| | - Saksham Pundir
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University (CCSU), Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, 250004, India
- Department of Botany, Chaudhary Charan Singh University (CCSU), Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, 250004, India
| | - Vikas Kumar Singh
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University (CCSU), Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, 250004, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University (CCSU), Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, 250004, India
- Department of Botany, Chaudhary Charan Singh University (CCSU), Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, 250004, India
| | - Rajiv Sharma
- Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Peter Wilson Building, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, UK
| | - Marion S Röder
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstrasse 3, OT Gatersleben, 06466, Seeland, Germany
| | - Shiveta Sharma
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University (CCSU), Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, 250004, India
| | - Shailendra Sharma
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University (CCSU), Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, 250004, India.
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Slafer GA, Foulkes MJ, Reynolds MP, Murchie EH, Carmo-Silva E, Flavell R, Gwyn J, Sawkins M, Griffiths S. A 'wiring diagram' for sink strength traits impacting wheat yield potential. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:40-71. [PMID: 36334052 PMCID: PMC9786893 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Identifying traits for improving sink strength is a bottleneck to increasing wheat yield. The interacting processes determining sink strength and yield potential are reviewed and visualized in a set of 'wiring diagrams', covering critical phases of development (and summarizing known underlying genetics). Using this framework, we reviewed and assembled the main traits determining sink strength and identified research gaps and potential hypotheses to be tested for achieving gains in sink strength. In pre-anthesis, grain number could be increased through: (i) enhanced spike growth associated with optimized floret development and/or a reduction in specific stem-internode lengths and (ii) improved fruiting efficiency through an accelerated rate of floret development, improved partitioning between spikes, or optimized spike cytokinin levels. In post-anthesis, grain, sink strength could be augmented through manipulation of grain size potential via ovary size and/or endosperm cell division and expansion. Prospects for improving spike vascular architecture to support all rapidly growing florets, enabling the improved flow of assimilate, are also discussed. Finally, we considered the prospects for enhancing grain weight realization in relation to genetic variation in stay-green traits as well as stem carbohydrate remobilization. The wiring diagrams provide a potential workspace for breeders and crop scientists to achieve yield gains in wheat and other field crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo A Slafer
- Department of Crop and Forest Sciences, University of Lleida–AGROTECNIO-CERCA Center, Av. R. Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- ICREA (Catalonian Institution for Research and Advanced Studies), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M John Foulkes
- Plant and Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Matthew P Reynolds
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Km. 45, Carretera Mexico, El Batan, Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Erik H Murchie
- Plant and Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK
| | | | - Richard Flavell
- International Wheat Yield Partnership, 1500 Research Parkway, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Jeff Gwyn
- International Wheat Yield Partnership, 1500 Research Parkway, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Mark Sawkins
- International Wheat Yield Partnership, 1500 Research Parkway, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Simon Griffiths
- John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Colney Ln, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
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6
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Nam H, Gupta A, Nam H, Lee S, Cho HS, Park C, Park S, Park SJ, Hwang I. JULGI-mediated increment in phloem transport capacity relates to fruit yield in tomato. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 20:1533-1545. [PMID: 35478430 PMCID: PMC9342617 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The continuous growth of the global population and the increase in the amount of arid land has severely constrained agricultural crop production. To solve this problem, many researchers have attempted to increase productivity through the efficient distribution of energy; however, the direct relationship between the plant vasculature, specifically phloem development, and crop yield is not well established. Here, we demonstrate that an optimum increase in phloem-transportation capacity by reducing SIJUL expression leads to improved sink strength in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). SIJUL, a negative regulator of phloem development, suppresses the translation of a positive regulator of phloem development, SlSMXL5. The suppression of SlJUL increases the number of phloem cells and sucrose transport, but only an optimal reduction of SlJUL function greatly enhances sink strength in tomato, improving fruit setting, and yield contents by 37% and 60%, respectively. We show that the increment in phloem cell number confers spare transport capacity. Our results suggest that the control of phloem-transport capacity within the threshold could enhance the commitment of photosynthates to instigate yield improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoyoung Nam
- Department of Life SciencesPOSTECH Biotech CenterPohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangKorea
| | - Aarti Gupta
- Department of Life SciencesPOSTECH Biotech CenterPohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangKorea
| | - Heejae Nam
- Department of Life SciencesPOSTECH Biotech CenterPohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangKorea
| | - Seungchul Lee
- Department of Life SciencesPOSTECH Biotech CenterPohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangKorea
| | - Hyun Seob Cho
- Department of Life SciencesPOSTECH Biotech CenterPohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangKorea
| | - Chanyoung Park
- Department of Life SciencesPOSTECH Biotech CenterPohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangKorea
| | - Soyoung Park
- Department of Life SciencesPOSTECH Biotech CenterPohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangKorea
| | - Soon Ju Park
- Division of Biological Sciences and Research Institute for Basic ScienceWonkwang UniversityIksanKorea
| | - Ildoo Hwang
- Department of Life SciencesPOSTECH Biotech CenterPohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangKorea
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7
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Reynolds MP, Slafer GA, Foulkes JM, Griffiths S, Murchie EH, Carmo-Silva E, Asseng S, Chapman SC, Sawkins M, Gwyn J, Flavell RB. A wiring diagram to integrate physiological traits of wheat yield potential. NATURE FOOD 2022; 3:318-324. [PMID: 37117579 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-022-00512-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
As crop yields are pushed closer to biophysical limits, achieving yield gains becomes increasingly challenging and will require more insight into deterministic pathways to yields. Here, we propose a wiring diagram as a platform to illustrate the interrelationships of the physiological traits that impact wheat yield potential and to serve as a decision support tool for crop scientists. The wiring diagram is based on the premise that crop yield is a function of photosynthesis (source), the investment of assimilates into reproductive organs (sinks) and the underlying processes that enable expression of both. By illustrating these linkages as coded wires, the wiring diagram can show connections among traits that may not have been apparent, and can inform new research hypotheses and guide crosses designed to accumulate beneficial traits and alleles in breeding. The wiring diagram can also serve to create an ever-richer common point of reference for refining crop models in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gustavo Ariel Slafer
- Catalonian Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.
- Center for Research in Agrotechnology (AGROTECNIO), Lleida, Spain.
- University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mark Sawkins
- International Wheat Yield Partnership (IWYP), College Station, TX, USA
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Weslaco, TX, USA
| | - Jeff Gwyn
- International Wheat Yield Partnership (IWYP), College Station, TX, USA
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Menadue DJ, Riboni M, Baumann U, Schilling RK, Plett DC, Roy SJ. Proton-pumping pyrophosphatase homeolog expression is a dynamic trait in bread wheat ( Triticum aestivum). PLANT DIRECT 2021; 5:e354. [PMID: 34646976 PMCID: PMC8496507 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Proton-pumping pyrophosphatases (H+-PPases) have been shown to enhance biomass and yield. However, to date, there has been little work towards identify genes encoding H+-PPases in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) (TaVPs) and limited knowledge on how the expression of these genes varies across different growth stages and tissue types. In this study, the IWGSC database was used to identify two novel TaVP genes, TaVP4 and TaVP5, and elucidate the complete homeolog sequences of the three known TaVP genes, bringing the total number of bread wheat TaVPs from 9 to 15. Gene expression levels of each TaVP homeolog were assessed using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in four diverse wheat varieties in terms of phenotypic traits related to high vacuolar pyrophosphatase expression. Homeolog expression was analyzed across multiple tissue types and developmental stages. Expression levels of the TaVP homeologs were found to vary significantly between varieties, tissues and plant developmental stages. During early development (Z10 and Z13), expressions of TaVP1 and TaVP2 homeologs were higher in shoot tissue than root tissue, with both shoot and root expression increasing in later developmental stages (Z22). TaVP2-D was expressed in all varieties and tissue types and was the most highly expressed homeolog at all developmental stages. Expression of the TaVP3 homeologs was restricted to developing grain (Z75), while TaVP4 homeolog expression was higher at Z22 than earlier developmental stages. Variation in TaVP4B was detected among varieties at Z22 and Z75, with Buck Atlantico (high biomass) and Scout (elite Australian cultivar) having the highest levels of expression. These findings offer a comprehensive overview of the bread wheat H+-PPase family and identify variation in TaVP homeolog expression that will be of use to improve the growth, yield, and abiotic stress tolerance of bread wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Jamie Menadue
- School of Agriculture, Food and WineUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional GenomicsThe University of AdelaideUrrbraeSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Matteo Riboni
- School of Agriculture, Food and WineUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional GenomicsThe University of AdelaideUrrbraeSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Ute Baumann
- School of Agriculture, Food and WineUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional GenomicsThe University of AdelaideUrrbraeSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Rhiannon Kate Schilling
- School of Agriculture, Food and WineUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional GenomicsThe University of AdelaideUrrbraeSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Department of Primary Industries and RegionsSouth Australian Research and Development InstituteUrrbraeSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Darren Craig Plett
- School of Agriculture, Food and WineUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Australian Plant Phenomics Facility, The Plant AcceleratorThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Stuart John Roy
- School of Agriculture, Food and WineUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional GenomicsThe University of AdelaideUrrbraeSouth AustraliaAustralia
- ARC Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Wheat in a Hot and Dry ClimateUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
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9
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Du L, Wang Y, Shan Z, Shen X, Wang F, Su J. Comprehensive analysis of SUSIBA2 rice: The low-methane trait and associated changes in soil carbon and microbial communities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 764:144508. [PMID: 33387767 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rice cultivation is the primary source of anthropogenic methane (CH4), which dramatically impacts global climate change. A growing body of evidence shows that optimizing photosynthate distribution is important for increasing rice yields and mitigating CH4 emissions. Therefore, the molecular rice breeding with a barley HvSUSIBA2 gene that confers elevated photosynthate flux to grains, is predicted to enhance rice yield and mitigate CH4 emissions in paddies. Here, in a series of field experiments with differences in growing season and rice variety, we show that SUSIBA2 rice reduced CH4 emissions from paddies. SUSIBA2 rice grown in the early rice season and late rice season showed similar mitigation effects, with reduction rates of 50.98% for early rice and 50.97% for late rice. The reduction rate of SUSIBA2 rice during the winter rice season was significantly lower (22.26%) than those of other rice seasons. The reduction rates also varied between rice varieties, and SUSIBA2 japonica rice showed a more significant CH4 mitigation effect than SUSIBA2 indica rice. Further yield-scaled CH4 emission analyses indicated that the SUSIBA2 effect did not mitigate CH4 emissions at the expense of yield. Compared with the wild type, SUSIBA2 rice significantly reduced soil organic carbon properties and the abundance of CH4-related microbes, and altered methanogenic and methanotrophic communities, indicating that SUSIBA2 rice released less carbon to the soil, which reduced CH4 production. Furthermore, a comparison of microbial communities between SUSIBA2 japonica and indica rice revealed different responses of methanogenic and methanotrophic communities, which may partly explain their differences in growth performance and CH4 mitigation effect. Thus, our results show that SUSIBA2 rice substantially reduces CH4 emissions and that SUSIBA2 can potentially mitigate the CH4 emissions of japonica and indica rice under distinct cultivation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Du
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering for Agriculture, Institute of Biotechnology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Yunfei Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering for Agriculture, Institute of Biotechnology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Zhen Shan
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering for Agriculture, Institute of Biotechnology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Xueliang Shen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering for Agriculture, Institute of Biotechnology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering for Agriculture, Institute of Biotechnology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China.
| | - Jun Su
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering for Agriculture, Institute of Biotechnology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China.
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