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Mishra S, Sharma A, Srivastava AK. Ascorbic acid: a metabolite switch for designing stress-smart crops. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38163756 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2023.2286428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Plant growth and productivity are continually being challenged by a diverse array of abiotic stresses, including: water scarcity, extreme temperatures, heavy metal exposure, and soil salinity. A common theme in these stresses is the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which disrupts cellular redox homeostasis causing oxidative damage. Ascorbic acid (AsA), commonly known as vitamin C, is an essential nutrient for humans, and also plays a crucial role in the plant kingdom. AsA is synthesized by plants through the d-mannose/l-galactose pathway that functions as a powerful antioxidant and protects plant cells from ROS generated during photosynthesis. AsA controls several key physiological processes, including: photosynthesis, respiration, and carbohydrate metabolism, either by acting as a co-factor for metabolic enzymes or by regulating cellular redox-status. AsA's multi-functionality uniquely positions it to integrate and recalibrate redox-responsive transcriptional/metabolic circuits and essential biological processes, in accordance to developmental and environmental cues. In recognition of this, we present a systematic overview of current evidence highlighting AsA as a central metabolite-switch in plants. Further, a comprehensive overview of genetic manipulation of genes involved in AsA metabolism has been provided along with the bottlenecks and future research directions, that could serve as a framework for designing "stress-smart" crops in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shefali Mishra
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Ankush Sharma
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Srivastava
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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Wang M, Fan X, Ding F. Jasmonate: A Hormone of Primary Importance for Temperature Stress Response in Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:4080. [PMID: 38140409 PMCID: PMC10748343 DOI: 10.3390/plants12244080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Temperature is a critical environmental factor that plays a vital role in plant growth and development. Temperatures below or above the optimum ranges lead to cold or heat stress, respectively. Temperature stress retards plant growth and development, and it reduces crop yields. Jasmonates (JAs) are a class of oxylipin phytohormones that play various roles in growth, development, and stress response. In recent years, studies have demonstrated that cold and heat stress affect JA biosynthesis and signaling, and JA plays an important role in the response to temperature stress. Recent studies have provided a large body of information elucidating the mechanisms underlying JA-mediated temperature stress response. In the present review, we present recent advances in understanding the role of JA in the response to cold and heat stress, and how JA interacts with other phytohormones during this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China;
| | | | - Fei Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China;
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3
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Wang Y, Umer MJ, Cai X, Yang M, Hou Y, Xu Y, Batool R, Mehari TG, Zheng J, Wang Y, Wang H, Li Z, Zhou Z, Liu F. Dynamic characteristics and functional analysis provide new insights into the role of GauERF105 for resistance against Verticillium dahliae in cotton. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:501. [PMID: 37848871 PMCID: PMC10583443 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04455-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cotton industry suffers significant yield losses annually due to Verticillium wilt, which is considered the most destructive disease affecting the crop. However, the precise mechanisms behind this disease in cotton remain largely unexplored. METHODS Our approach involved utilizing transcriptome data from G. australe which was exposed to Verticillium dahliae infection. From this data, we identified ethylene-responsive factors and further investigated their potential role in resistance through functional validations via Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) in cotton and overexpression in Arabidopsis. RESULTS A total of 23 ethylene response factors (ERFs) were identified and their expression was analyzed at different time intervals (24 h, 48 h, and 72 h post-inoculation). Among them, GauERF105 was selected based on qRT-PCR expression analysis for further investigation. To demonstrate the significance of GauERF105, VIGS was utilized, revealing that suppressing GauERF105 leads to more severe infections in cotton plants compared to the wild-type. Additionally, the silenced plants exhibited reduced lignin deposition in the stems compared to the WT plants, indicating that the silencing of GauERF105 also impacts lignin content. The overexpression of GauERF105 in Arabidopsis confirmed its pivotal role in conferring resistance against Verticillium dahliae infection. Our results suggest that WT possesses higher levels of the oxidative stress markers MDA and H2O2 as compared to the overexpressed lines. In contrast, the activities of the antioxidant enzymes SOD and POD were higher in the overexpressed lines compared to the WT. Furthermore, DAB and trypan staining of the overexpressed lines suggested a greater impact of the disease in the wild-type compared to the transgenic lines. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide confirmation that GauERF105 is a crucial candidate in the defense mechanism of cotton against Verticillium dahliae invasion, and plays a pivotal role in this process. These results have the potential to facilitate the development of germplasm resistance in cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University/North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Ministry of Education, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Muhammad Jawad Umer
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Xiaoyan Cai
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
- National Nanfan Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Mengying Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Yuqing Hou
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Yanchao Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Raufa Batool
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pest, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Teame Gereziher Mehari
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
- Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Mekhoni Agricultural Research Center, P.O BOX 47, Mekhoni, Tigray, Ethiopia
| | - Jie Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Yuhong Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Heng Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Zhikun Li
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University/North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of Ministry of Education, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Zhongli Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan, 455000, China.
| | - Fang Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan, 455000, China.
- National Nanfan Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Sanya, 572025, China.
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
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Tripathi DK, Kandhol N, Rai P, Mishra V, Pandey S, Deshmukh R, Sahi S, Sharma S, Singh VP. Ethylene Renders Silver Nanoparticles Stress Tolerance in Rice Seedlings by Regulating Endogenous Nitric Oxide Accumulation. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 63:1954-1967. [PMID: 36377808 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Developments in the field of nanotechnology over the past few years have increased the prevalence of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in the environment, resulting in increased exposure of plants to AgNPs. Recently, various studies have reported the effect of AgNPs on plant growth at different concentrations. However, identifying the mechanisms and signaling molecules involved in plant responses against AgNPs stress is crucial to find an effective way to deal with the phytotoxic impacts of AgNPs on plant growth and development. Therefore, this study was envisaged to investigate the participation of ethylene in mediating the activation of AgNPs stress tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.) through a switch that regulates endogenous nitric oxide (NO) accumulation. Treatment of AgNPs alone hampered the growth of rice seedlings due to severe oxidative stress as a result of decline in sulfur assimilation, glutathione (GSH) biosynthesis and alteration in the redox status of GSH. These results are also accompanied by the higher endogenous NO level. However, addition of ethephon (a donor of ethylene) reversed the AgNP-induced effects. Though the application of silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) alone promoted the growth of rice seedlings but, interestingly their application in combination with AgNPs enhanced the AgNP-induced toxicity in the seedlings through the same routes as exhibited in the case of AgNPs alone treatment. Interestingly, addition of ethephon reversed the negative effects of SiNPs under AgNPs stress. These results suggest that ethylene might act as a switch to regulate the level of endogenous NO, which in turn could be associated with AgNPs stress tolerance in rice. Furthermore, the results also indicated that addition of l-NG-nitro arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) (an inhibitor of endogenous NO synthesis) also reversed the toxic effects of SiNPs together with AgNPs, further suggesting that the low level of endogenous NO was associated with AgNPs stress tolerance. Overall, the results indicate that the low level of endogenous NO triggers AgNPs stress tolerance, while high level leads to AgNPs toxicity by regulating sulfur assimilation, GSH biosynthesis, redox status of GSH and oxidative stress markers. The results revealed that ethylene might act as a switch for regulating AgNPs stress in rice seedlings by controlling endogenous NO accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durgesh Kumar Tripathi
- Crop Nanobiology and Molecular Stress Physiology Lab, Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida 201313, India
| | - Nidhi Kandhol
- Crop Nanobiology and Molecular Stress Physiology Lab, Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida 201313, India
| | - Padmaja Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, UP 211004, India
| | - Vipul Mishra
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent Post Graduate College of University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Sangeeta Pandey
- Plant and Microbe Interaction Lab, Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida 201313, India
| | - Rupesh Deshmukh
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, PB, India
| | - Shivendra Sahi
- Department of Biology, Saint Joseph's University, University City Campus, 600 S. 43rd St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shivesh Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, UP 211004, India
| | - Vijay Pratap Singh
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent Post Graduate College of University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
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Ding F, Wang X, Li Z, Wang M. Jasmonate Positively Regulates Cold Tolerance by Promoting ABA Biosynthesis in Tomato. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:60. [PMID: 36616188 PMCID: PMC9823970 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
As a cold-sensitive species, tomato is frequently challenged by cold stress during vegetative and reproductive growth. Understanding how tomato responds to cold stress is of critical importance for sustainable tomato production. In this work, we demonstrate that jasmonate (JA) plays a crucial role in tomato response to cold stress by promoting abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis. It was observed that both JA and ABA levels were substantially increased under cold conditions, whereas the suppression of JA biosynthesis abated ABA accumulation. The ABA biosynthesis gene 9-CIS-EPOXYCAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE2 (NCED2) was subsequently found to be associated with JA-mediated ABA biosynthesis in tomato plants in response to cold stress. NCED2 was rapidly induced by exogenous MeJA and cold treatment. Silencing NCED2 led to a decrease in ABA accumulation that was concurrent with increased cold sensitivity. Moreover, blocking ABA biosynthesis using a chemical inhibitor impaired JA-induced cold tolerance in tomato. Furthermore, MYC2, a core component of the JA signaling pathway, promoted the transcription of NCED2, ABA accumulation and cold tolerance in tomato. Collectively, our results support that JA signaling promotes ABA biosynthesis to confer cold tolerance in tomato.
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Ding F, Wang C, Xu N, Zhang S, Wang M. SlMYC2 mediates jasmonate-induced tomato leaf senescence by promoting chlorophyll degradation and repressing carbon fixation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 180:27-34. [PMID: 35378389 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Leaf senescence occurs as the last developmental phase of leaf. The initiation and progression of leaf senescence is highly regulated by a plethora of internal developmental signals and environmental stimuli. Being an important class of phytohormones, jasmonates (JAs) are shown to induce premature leaf senescence in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms remain enigmatic. Here, we report that tomato MYC2, a key factor in the JA signal transduction, functions in JA-induced tomato leaf senescence by promoting chlorophyll degradation and inhibiting photosynthetic carbon fixation. We found that exogenous application of MeJA reduced chlorophyll content, decreased carbon assimilation rates and disrupted membrane integrity. We further demonstrated using SlMYC2-RNAi tomato plants that SlMYC2 enhanced the expression of SlPAO, which encodes a chlorophyll degradation enzyme, but suppressed the expression of SlRCA and SlSBPASE, both of which are required for photosynthesis and growth in plants. Dual-luciferase assay confirmed that SlMYC2 activated the transcription of SlPAO, but inhibited the transcription of SlRCA and SlSBPASE. Furthermore, repression of SlRCA led to typical features associated with leaf senescence in tomato. Taken together, these results favor that tomato MYC2 acts positively in the regulation of JA-dependent tomato leaf senescence. The results extend our mechanistic understanding of JA-induced senescence in an important horticultural crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China.
| | - Chuang Wang
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Liaocheng Vocational & Technical College, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Liaocheng Vocational & Technical College, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Shuoxin Zhang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Meiling Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China.
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7
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Siddiqui MH, Mukherjee S, Kumar R, Alansi S, Shah AA, Kalaji HM, Javed T, Raza A. Potassium and melatonin-mediated regulation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) and sedoheptulose-1,7- bisphosphatase (SBPase) activity improve photosynthetic efficiency, carbon assimilation and modulate glyoxalase system accompanying tolerance to cadmium stress in tomato seedlings. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 171:49-65. [PMID: 34971955 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of the combined action of potassium (K) and melatonin (Mel) in modulating tolerance to cadmium (Cd) stress in plants is not well understood. The present study reveals the synergistic role of K and Mel in enhancing physiological and biochemical mechanisms of Cd stress tolerance in tomato seedlings. The present findings reveal that seedlings subjected to Cd toxicity exhibited disturbed nutrients balance [nitrogen (N) and potassium (K)], chlorophyll (Chl) biosynthesis [reduced δ-aminolevulinic acid (δ-ALA) content and δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (δ-ALAD) activity], pathway of carbon fixation [reduced fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) and sedoheptulose-1,7- bisphosphatase (SBPase) activity] and photosynthesis process in tomato seedlings. However, exogenous application of K and Mel alone as well as together improved physiological and biochemical mechanisms in tomato seedlings, but their combined application proved best by efficiently improving nutrient uptake, photosynthetic pigments biosynthesis (increased Chl a and b, and Total Chl), carbon flow in Calvin cycle, activity of Rubisco, carbonic anhydrase activity, and accumulation of total soluble carbohydrates content in seedlings under Cd toxicity. Furthermore, the combined treatment of K and Mel suppressed overproduction of reactive oxygen species (hydrogen peroxide and superoxide), Chl degradation [reduced chlorophyllase (Chlase) activity] and methylglyoxal content in Cd-stressed tomato seedlings by upregulating glyoxalase (increased glyoxalase I and glyoxalase II activity) and antioxidant systems (increased ascorbate-glutathione metabolism). Thus, the present study provides stronger evidence that the co-application of K and Mel exhibited synergistic roles in mitigating the toxic effect of Cd stress by increasing glyoxalase and antioxidant systems and also by improving photosynthetic efficiency in tomato seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manzer H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Soumya Mukherjee
- Department of Botany, Jangipur College, University of Kalyani, West Bengal, 742213, India
| | - Ritesh Kumar
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Saleh Alansi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anis Ali Shah
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology University of Education, Lahore
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Talha Javed
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Departemnet of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan
| | - Ali Raza
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular and Cell Biology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Center of Legume Crop Genetics and Systems Biology/College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, 350002, China
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8
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Wang J, Wang D, Zhu M, Li F. Exogenous 6-Benzyladenine Improves Waterlogging Tolerance in Maize Seedlings by Mitigating Oxidative Stress and Upregulating the Ascorbate-Glutathione Cycle. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:680376. [PMID: 34539688 PMCID: PMC8446516 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.680376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The synthetic cytokinin 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) regulates plant growth and prevents the negative consequences of various forms of abiotic stress, including waterlogging in crop plants. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of exogenous 6-BA on the growth, oxidative stress, and ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle system in the inbred SY-MY13 (waterlogging-resistant) and SY-XT1 (waterlogging-sensitive) seedlings of waxy corn in conditions of waterlogging stress. The results demonstrated that waterlogging stress causes chlorosis and necrosis in waxy corn leaves, inhibiting growth and leading to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which induces oxidative stress and, in turn, reduces membrane lipid peroxidation and the disruption of membrane homeostasis. This is specifically manifested in the increased concentrations of superoxide anion radicals ( O 2 - ), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and malondialdehyde (MDA), in addition to increased relative electrical conductivity (REC%) values. The SY-MY13 strain exhibited growth superior to that of SY-XT1 when waterlogged due to its excellent waterlogging resistance. Thus, exogenous 6-BA was found to be effective in enhancing the growth of plants stressed by waterlogging in terms of the weight of the shoots and roots, shoot height, and leaf area. In addition to this, exogenous 6-BA also reduced the accumulation of O 2 - , H2O2, and MDA, increased ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) activity, and enhanced ascorbic acid (AsA), and reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration through the regulation of the efficiency of the AsA-GSH cycle system in maize plants. Hence, the application of exogenous 6-BA can alleviate waterlogging-induced damage and improve waterlogging tolerance in waxy corn via the activation of the AsA-GSH cycle system and the elimination of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Wang
- College of Agronomy, Specialty Corn Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Daye Wang
- College of Agronomy, Specialty Corn Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Min Zhu
- College of Agronomy, Specialty Corn Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fenghai Li
- College of Agronomy, Specialty Corn Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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Liu Z, Song J, Miao W, Yang B, Zhang Z, Chen W, Tan F, Suo H, Dai X, Zou X, Ou L. Comprehensive Proteome and Lysine Acetylome Analysis Reveals the Widespread Involvement of Acetylation in Cold Resistance of Pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:730489. [PMID: 34512705 PMCID: PMC8429487 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.730489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pepper is a typical warmth-loving vegetable that lacks a cold acclimation mechanism and is sensitive to cold stress. Lysine acetylation plays an important role in diverse cellular processes, but limited knowledge is available regarding acetylation modifications in the resistance of pepper plants to cold stress. In this study, the proteome and acetylome of two pepper varieties with different levels of cold resistance were investigated by subjecting them to cold treatments of varying durations followed by recovery periods. In total, 6,213 proteins and 4,574 lysine acetylation sites were identified, and this resulted in the discovery of 3,008 differentially expressed proteins and 768 differentially expressed acetylated proteins. A total of 1,988 proteins were identified in both the proteome and acetylome, and the functional differences in these co-identified proteins were elucidated through GO enrichment. KEGG analysis showed that 397 identified acetylated proteins were involved in 93 different metabolic pathways. The dynamic changes in the acetylated proteins in photosynthesis and the "carbon fixation in the photosynthetic organisms" pathway in pepper under low-temperature stress were further analyzed. It was found that acetylation of the PsbO and PsbR proteins in photosystem II and the PsaN protein in photosystem I could regulate the response of pepper leaves to cold stress. The acetylation levels of key carbon assimilation enzymes, such as ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, phosphoribulokinase, and triosephosphate isomerase decreased, leading to decreases in carbon assimilation capacity and photosynthetic efficiency, reducing the cold tolerance of pepper leaves. This study is the first to identify the acetylome in pepper, and it greatly expands the catalog of lysine acetylation substrates and sites in Solanaceae crops, providing new insights for posttranslational modification studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhoubin Liu
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- ERC for Germplasm Innovation and New Variety Breeding of Horticultural Crops, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Jingshuang Song
- Vegetable Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha, China
| | - Wu Miao
- Hunan Xiangyan Seed Industry Co., Ltd, Changsha, China
| | - Bozhi Yang
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- ERC for Germplasm Innovation and New Variety Breeding of Horticultural Crops, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Zhuqing Zhang
- Vegetable Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha, China
| | - Wenchao Chen
- Vegetable Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha, China
| | - Fangjun Tan
- Vegetable Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science, Changsha, China
| | - Huan Suo
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- ERC for Germplasm Innovation and New Variety Breeding of Horticultural Crops, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Xiongze Dai
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- ERC for Germplasm Innovation and New Variety Breeding of Horticultural Crops, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Xuexiao Zou
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- ERC for Germplasm Innovation and New Variety Breeding of Horticultural Crops, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Lijun Ou
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- ERC for Germplasm Innovation and New Variety Breeding of Horticultural Crops, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
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10
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Chen X, Zhou Y, Cong Y, Zhu P, Xing J, Cui J, Xu W, Shi Q, Diao M, Liu HY. Ascorbic Acid-Induced Photosynthetic Adaptability of Processing Tomatoes to Salt Stress Probed by Fast OJIP Fluorescence Rise. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:594400. [PMID: 34484251 PMCID: PMC8415309 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.594400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the protective role of exogenous ascorbic acid (AsA) on salt-induced inhibition of photosynthesis in the seedlings of processing tomatoes under salt stress has been investigated. Plants under salt stress (NaCl, 100 mmol/L) were foliar-sprayed with AsA (0.5 mmol/L), lycorine (LYC, 0.25 mmol/L, an inhibitor of key AsA synthesis enzyme l-galactono-γ-lactone dehydrogenase activity), or AsA plus LYC. The effects of AsA on fast OJIP fluorescence rise curve and JIP parameters were then examined. Our results demonstrated that applying exogenous AsA significantly changed the composition of O-J-I-P fluorescence transients in plants subjected to salt stress both with and without LYC. An increase in basal fluorescence (F o) and a decrease in maximum fluorescence (F m) were observed. Lower K- and L-bands and higher I-band were detected on the OJIP transient curves compared, respectively, with salt-stressed plants with and without LYC. AsA application also significantly increased the values of normalized total complementary area (Sm), relative variable fluorescence intensity at the I-step (VI), absorbed light energy (ABS/CSm), excitation energy (TRo/CSm), and reduction energy entering the electron transfer chain beyond QA (ETo/CSm) per reaction centre (RC) and electron transport flux per active RC (ETo/RC), while decreasing some others like the approximated initial slope of the fluorescence transient (Mo), relative variable fluorescence intensity at the K-step (VK), average absorption (ABS/RC), trapping (TRo/RC), heat dissipation (DIo/RC) per active RC, and heat dissipation per active RC (DIo/CSm) in the presence or absence of LYC. These results suggested that exogenous AsA counteracted salt-induced photoinhibition mainly by modulating the endogenous AsA level and redox state in the chloroplast to promote chlorophyll synthesis and alleviate the damage of oxidative stress to photosynthetic apparatus. AsA can also raise the efficiency of light utilization as well as excitation energy dissipation within the photosystem II (PSII) antennae, thus increasing the stability of PSII and promoting the movement of electrons among PS1 and PSII in tomato seedling leaves subjected to salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjun Chen
- Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Biological Science, Life Science and Technology School, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yundan Cong
- Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi, China
| | - Pusheng Zhu
- Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi, China
| | - Jiayi Xing
- Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi, China
| | - Jinxia Cui
- Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi, China
| | - Qinghua Shi
- Department of Vegetables, Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Ming Diao
- Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi, China
- Ming Diao
| | - Hui-ying Liu
- Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi, China
- *Correspondence: Hui-ying Liu
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