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Kamran M, Melville KT, Waters MT. Karrikin signalling: impacts on plant development and abiotic stress tolerance. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:1174-1186. [PMID: 38001035 PMCID: PMC10860534 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Plants rely upon a diverse range of metabolites to control growth and development, and to overcome stress that results from suboptimal conditions. Karrikins (KARs) are a class of butenolide compounds found in smoke that stimulate seed germination and regulate various developmental processes in plants. KARs are perceived via a plant α/β-hydrolase called KARRIKIN INSENSITIVE2 (KAI2), which also functions as a receptor for a postulated phytohormone, provisionally termed KAI2 ligand (KL). Considered natural analogues of KL, KARs have been extensively studied for their effects on plant growth and their crosstalk with plant hormones. The perception and response pathway for KAR-KL signalling is closely related to that of strigolactones, another class of butenolides with numerous functions in regulating plant growth. KAR-KL signalling influences seed germination, seedling photomorphogenesis, root system architecture, abiotic stress responses, and arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. Here, we summarize current knowledge of KAR-KL signalling, focusing on its role in plant development, its effects on stress tolerance, and its interaction with other signalling mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Kamran
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Kim T Melville
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Mark T Waters
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
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Xu L, Liu P, Li X, Mi Q, Zheng Q, Xing J, Yang W, Zhou H, Cao P, Gao Q, Xu G. NtERF283 positively regulates water deficit tolerance in tobacco (Nicotianatabacum L.) by enhancing antioxidant capacity. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108413. [PMID: 38330776 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Ethylene responsive factor (ERF) is a plant-specific transcription factor that plays a pivotal regulatory role in various stress responses. Although the genome of tobacco harbors 375 ER F genes, the functional roles of the majority of these genes remain unknown. Expression pattern analysis revealed that NtERF283 was induced by water deficit and salt stresses and mainly expressed in the roots and leaves. Subcellular localization and transcriptional activity assays confirmed that NtERF283 was localized in the nucleus and exhibited transcriptional activity. In comparison to the wild-type (WT), the NtERF283-overexpressing transgenic plants (OE) exhibited enhanced water deficit tolerance, whereas the knockout mutant erf283 displayed contrasting phenotypes. Transcriptional analysis demonstrated that several oxidative stress response genes were significantly altered in OE plants under water deficit conditions. 3,3'-diaminobenzidine (DAB) and nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) staining showed that erf283 accumulated a higher level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) compared to the WT under water deficit conditions. Conversely, OE plants displayed the least amount of ROS accumulation. Furthermore, the activities of POD and SOD were higher in OE plants and lower in erf283, suggesting that NtERF283 enhanced the capacity to effectively eliminate ROS, consequently enhancing water deficit tolerance in tobacco. These findings strongly indicate the significance of NtERF283 in promoting tobacco water deficit tolerance through the activation of the antioxidant system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd., Kunming, 650106, PR China
| | - Pingping Liu
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd., Kunming, 650106, PR China
| | - Qili Mi
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd., Kunming, 650106, PR China
| | - Qingxia Zheng
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Jiaxin Xing
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd., Kunming, 650106, PR China
| | - Wenwu Yang
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd., Kunming, 650106, PR China
| | - Huina Zhou
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Peijian Cao
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Qian Gao
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. Ltd., Kunming, 650106, PR China.
| | - Guoyun Xu
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China.
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Zhang Y, Wu L, Liu L, Jia B, Ye Z, Tang X, Heng W, Liu L. Functional Analysis of PbbZIP11 Transcription Factor in Response to Cold Stress in Arabidopsis and Pear. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:24. [PMID: 38202332 PMCID: PMC10780769 DOI: 10.3390/plants13010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Cold stress is a prominent abiotic factor that adversely affects the growth and yield of pears, consequently restricting the cultivation range and resulting in substantial economic losses for the pear industry. Basic region-leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors are widely involved in multiple physiological and biochemical activities of plants, particularly in response to cold stress. In this study, the responsiveness of PbbZIP11 in pear to cold stress was investigated, and its role was explored by using pear callus and Arabidopsis thaliana. The findings revealed that overexpression of PbbZIP11 enhanced the tolerance of pear callus and Arabidopsis thaliana to cold stress. The antioxidant enzyme activities of transgenic plants were enhanced and the expression of C-repeat binding transcription factor (CBF) genes was increased as compared to wild-type plants. To better understand the biological function of PbbZIP11, mRNAs were isolated from overexpressed and wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana after cold stress for whole-genome sequencing. The results showed that the expression of some CBF downstream target genes changed after exposure to cold stress. The results suggested that the PbbZIP11 gene could participate in cold-stress signaling through the CBF-dependent pathway, which provides a theoretical basis for the PbbZIP11-mediated response to cold stress and for the genetic breeding of pear varieties with low-temperature tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Wei Heng
- College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, China; (Y.Z.); (L.W.); (L.L.); (B.J.); (Z.Y.); (X.T.)
| | - Li Liu
- College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, China; (Y.Z.); (L.W.); (L.L.); (B.J.); (Z.Y.); (X.T.)
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Wei H, Wang J, Wang Q, He W, Liao S, Huang J, Hu W, Tang M, Chen H. Role of melatonin in enhancing arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis and mitigating cold stress in perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.). Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1123632. [PMID: 37283923 PMCID: PMC10239815 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1123632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a biomolecule that affects plant development and is involved in protecting plants from environmental stress. However, the mechanisms of melatonin's impact on arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis and cold tolerance in plants are still unclear. In this research, AM fungi inoculation and exogenous melatonin (MT) were applied to perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) seedlings alone or in combination to investigate their effect on cold tolerance. The study was conducted in two parts. The initial trial examined two variables, AM inoculation, and cold stress, to investigate the involvement of the AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis in endogenous melatonin accumulation and the transcriptional levels of its synthesis genes in the root system of perennial ryegrass under cold stress. The subsequent trial was designed as a three-factor analysis, encompassing AM inoculation, cold stress, and melatonin application, to explore the effects of exogenous melatonin application on plant growth, AM symbiosis, antioxidant activity, and protective molecules in perennial ryegrass subjected to cold stress. The results of the study showed that compared to non-mycorrhizal (NM) plants, cold stress promoted an increase in the accumulation of melatonin in the AM-colonized counterparts. Acetylserotonin methyltransferase (ASMT) catalyzed the final enzymatic reaction in melatonin production. Melatonin accumulation was associated with the level of expression of the genes, LpASMT1 and LpASMT3. Treatment with melatonin can improve the colonization of AM fungi in plants. Simultaneous utilization of AM inoculation and melatonin treatment enhanced the growth, antioxidant activity, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity, while simultaneously reducing polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity and altering osmotic regulation in the roots. These effects are expected to aid in the mitigation of cold stress in Lolium perenne. Overall, melatonin treatment would help Lolium perenne to improve growth by promoting AM symbiosis, improving the accumulation of protective molecules, and triggering in antioxidant activity under cold stress.
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Liu M, Shan Q, Ding E, Gu T, Gong B. Karrikin increases tomato cold tolerance via strigolactone and the abscisic acid signaling network. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 332:111720. [PMID: 37120034 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
As a class of biostimulants, karrikins (KARs) were first identified from plant-derived smoke to regulate plant growth, development, and stress tolerance. However, the roles of KARs in plant cold tolerance and their crosstalk with strigolactones (SLs) and abscisic acid (ABA) remain elusive. We studied the interaction among KAR, SLs, and ABA in cold acclimatization with KAI2-, MAX1-, SnRK2.5-silenced, or cosilenced plant materials. KAI2 is involved in smoke-water- (SW-) and KAR-mediated cold tolerance. MAX1 acts downstream of KAR in cold acclimation. ABA biosynthesis and sensitivity are regulated by KAR and SLs, which improve cold acclimation through the SnRK2.5 component. The physiological mechanisms of SW and KAR in improving growth, yield, and tolerance under a long-term sublow temperature environment were also studied. SW and KAR were shown to improve tomato growth and yield under sublow temperature conditions by regulating nutritional uptake, leaf temperature control, photosynthetic defense, ROS scavenging, and CBF transcriptional activation. Together, SW, which functions via the KAR-mediated SL and ABA signaling network, has potential application value for increasing cold tolerance in tomato production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology / College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Qing Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology / College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Erqiao Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology / College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Tingting Gu
- College of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Ji'nan 250100, China
| | - Biao Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology / College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China.
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Jing Y, Pei T, Li C, Wang D, Wang Q, Chen Y, Li P, Liu C, Ma F. Overexpression of the FERONIA receptor kinase MdMRLK2 enhances apple cold tolerance. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 37006197 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Cold is one of the main abiotic stresses in temperate fruit crops, affecting the yield and fruit quality of apple in China and European countries. The plant receptor-like kinase FERONIA is widely reported to be involved in abiotic stresses. However, its function in apple cold resistance remains unknown. Modification of cell wall components and accumulation of soluble sugars and amino acids are important strategies by which plants cope with cold. In this study, expression of the apple FERONIA receptor-like kinase gene MdMRLK2 was rapidly induced by cold. Apple plants overexpressing MdMRLK2 (35S:MdMRLK2) showed enhanced cold resistance relative to the wild type. Under cold conditions, 35S:MdMRLK2 apple plants had higher amounts of water insoluble pectin, lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose, which may have resulted from reduced activities of polygalacturonase, pectinate lyase, pectinesterase, and cellulase. More soluble sugars and free amino acids and less photosystem damage were also observed in 35S:MdMRLK2 apple plants. Intriguingly, MdMRLK2 interacted with the transcription factor MdMYBPA1 and promoted its binding to MdANS and MdUFGT promoters, leading to more anthocyanin biosynthesis, particularly under cold conditions. These findings complemented the function of apple FERONIA MdMRLK2 responding to cold resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tingting Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chunrong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Duanni Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yijia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pengmin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Changhai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
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Mostofa MG, Abdelrahman M, Rahman MM, Tran CD, Nguyen KH, Watanabe Y, Itouga M, Li W, Wang Z, Mochida K, Tran LSP. Karrikin Receptor KAI2 Coordinates Salt Tolerance Mechanisms in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 63:1927-1942. [PMID: 35997763 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plants activate a myriad of signaling cascades to tailor adaptive responses under environmental stresses, such as salinity. While the roles of exogenous karrikins (KARs) in salt stress mitigation are well comprehended, genetic evidence of KAR signaling during salinity responses in plants remains unresolved. Here, we explore the functions of the possible KAR receptor KARRIKIN-INSENSITIVE2 (KAI2) in Arabidopsis thaliana tolerance to salt stress by investigating comparative responses of wild-type (WT) and kai2-mutant plants under a gradient of NaCl. Defects in KAI2 functions resulted in delayed and inhibited cotyledon opening in kai2 seeds compared with WT seeds, suggesting that KAI2 played an important role in enhancing seed germination under salinity. Salt-stressed kai2 plants displayed more phenotypic aberrations, biomass reduction, water loss and oxidative damage than WT plants. kai2 shoots accumulated significantly more Na+ and thus had a lower K+/Na+ ratio, than WT, indicating severe ion toxicity in salt-stressed kai2 plants. Accordingly, kai2 plants displayed a lower expression of genes associated with Na+ homeostasis, such as SALT OVERLY SENSITIVE (SOS) 1, SOS2, HIGH-AFFINITY POTASSIUM TRANSPORTER 1;1 (HKT1;1) and CATION-HYDROGEN EXCHANGER 1 (NHX1) than WT plants. WT plants maintained a better glutathione level, glutathione-related redox status and antioxidant enzyme activities relative to kai2 plants, implying KAI2's function in oxidative stress mitigation in response to salinity. kai2 shoots had lower expression levels of genes involved in the biosynthesis of strigolactones (SLs), salicylic acid and jasmonic acid and the signaling of abscisic acid and SLs than those of WT plants, indicating interactive functions of KAI2 signaling with other hormone signaling in modulating plant responses to salinity. Collectively, these results underpin the likely roles of KAI2 in the alleviation of salinity effects in plants by regulating several physiological and biochemical mechanisms involved in ionic and osmotic balance, oxidative stress tolerance and hormonal crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Golam Mostofa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Mostafa Abdelrahman
- Faculty of Science, Galala University, Suze, El Sokhna 43511, Egypt
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt
| | - Md Mezanur Rahman
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Cuong Duy Tran
- Agricultural Genetics Institute, Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Pham Van Dong St., Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Kien Huu Nguyen
- Agricultural Genetics Institute, Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Pham Van Dong St., Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Yasuko Watanabe
- Bioproductivity Informatics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Misao Itouga
- Synthetic Genomics Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Weiqiang Li
- Jilin Da'an Agro-ecosystem National Observation Research Station, Changchun Jingyuetan Remote Sensing Experiment Station, Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Beijing 130102, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Keiichi Mochida
- Bioproductivity Informatics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
- Microalgae Production Control Technology Laboratory, RIKEN Baton Zone Program, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
- School of Information and Data Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
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Chen S, Hou J, Fu Y, Li H. Genome-wide identification of YABBY transcription factors in Brachypodium distachyon and functional characterization of Bd DROOPING LEAF. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 185:13-24. [PMID: 35640497 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
YABBY transcription factors (TFs) are plant-specific and are characterized by a C2-C2 zinc finger domain at the N-terminus and a YABBY domain at the C-terminus. In this study, eight YABBY genes were identified in the Brachypodium distachyon genome and were unevenly distributed across four chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis classified BdYABBYs into FIL/YAB3, YAB2, CRC, and INO clades. Sixty-two putative cis-elements were identified in BdYABBY gene putative promoters, among them, CAAT-box, TATA-box, MYB, MYC, ARE, and Box_4 were shared by all. BdYABBY genes are highly expressed in inflorescences, and abiotic stresses regulate their expression. In addition, three transcripts of BdDL were identified. Over-expression in Arabidopsis has shown their different functions in reproductive development, as well as in response to cold stress. Our study lays the foundation for the functional elucidation of BdYABBY genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoukun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712000, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jiayuan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712000, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yanan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712000, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Haifeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712000, Shaanxi, China.
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Xu H, Yang X, Zhang Y, Wang H, Wu S, Zhang Z, Ahammed GJ, Zhao C, Liu H. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutation in auxin efflux carrier OsPIN9 confers chilling tolerance by modulating reactive oxygen species homeostasis in rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:967031. [PMID: 35979077 PMCID: PMC9376474 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.967031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phytohormone auxin plays a vital role in plant development and responses to environmental stresses. The spatial and temporal distribution of auxin mainly relies on the polar distribution of the PIN-FORMED (PIN) auxin efflux carriers. In this study, we dissected the functions of OsPIN9, a monocot-specific auxin efflux carrier gene, in modulating chilling tolerance in rice. The results showed that OsPIN9 expression was dramatically and rapidly suppressed by chilling stress (4°C) in rice seedlings. The homozygous ospin9 mutants were generated by CRISPR/Cas9 technology and employed for further research. ospin9 mutant roots and shoots were less sensitive to 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA), indicating the disturbance of auxin homeostasis in the ospin9 mutants. The chilling tolerance assay showed that ospin9 mutants were more tolerant to chilling stress than wild-type (WT) plants, as evidenced by increased survival rate, decreased membrane permeability, and reduced lipid peroxidation. However, the expression of well-known C-REPEAT BINDING FACTOR (CBF)/DEHYDRATION-RESPONSIVE ELEMENT-BINDING PROTEIN 1 (DREB)-dependent transcriptional regulatory pathway and Ca2+ signaling genes was significantly induced only under normal conditions, implying that defense responses in ospin9 mutants have probably been triggered in advance under normal conditions. Histochemical staining of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by 3'3-diaminobenzidine (DAB) and nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) showed that ospin9 mutants accumulated more ROS than WT at the early stage of chilling stress, while less ROS was observed at the later stage of chilling treatment in ospin9 mutants. Consistently, antioxidant enzyme activity, including catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), improved significantly during the early chilling treatments, while was kept similar to WT at the later stage of chilling treatment, implying that the enhanced chilling tolerance of ospin9 mutants is mainly attributed to the earlier induction of ROS and the improved ROS scavenging ability at the subsequent stages of chilling treatment. In summary, our results strongly suggest that the OsPIN9 gene regulates chilling tolerance by modulating ROS homeostasis in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Xu
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Xiaoyi Yang
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yanwen Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Huihui Wang
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Shiyang Wu
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Zhuoyan Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Golam Jalal Ahammed
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Chunzhao Zhao
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Liu
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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Kim JY, Park YJ, Lee JH, Park CM. SMAX1 Integrates Karrikin and Light Signals into GA-Mediated Hypocotyl Growth during Seedling Establishment. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 63:932-943. [PMID: 35477800 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Morphogenic adaptation of young seedlings to light environments is a critical developmental process that ensures plant survival and propagation, as they emerge from the soil. Photomorphogenic responses are facilitated by a network of light and growth hormonal signals, such as auxin and gibberellic acid (GA). Karrikins (KARs), a group of butenolide compounds produced from burning plant materials in wildfires, are known to stimulate seed germination in fire-prone plant species. Notably, recent studies support that they also regulate seedling growth, while underlying molecular mechanisms have been unexplored yet. Here, we demonstrate that SUPPRESSOR OF MAX2 1 (SMAX1), a negative regulator of KAR signaling, integrates light and KAR signals into GA-DELLA pathways that regulate hypocotyl growth during seedling establishment. We found that SMAX1 facilitates degradation of DELLA proteins in the hypocotyls. Interestingly, light induces the accumulation of SMAX1 proteins, and SMAX1-mediated degradation of DELLA is elevated in seedling establishment during the dark-to-light transition. Our observations indicate that SMAX1-mediated integration of light and KAR signals into GA pathways elaborately modulates seedling establishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Young Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Young-Joon Park
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - June-Hee Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Chung-Mo Park
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
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Komatsu S, Yamaguchi H, Hitachi K, Tsuchida K, Rehman SU, Ohno T. Morphological, Biochemical, and Proteomic Analyses to Understand the Promotive Effects of Plant-Derived Smoke Solution on Wheat Growth under Flooding Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1508. [PMID: 35684281 PMCID: PMC9183026 DOI: 10.3390/plants11111508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Wheat is an important staple food crop for one-third of the global population; however, its growth is reduced by flooding. On the other hand, a plant-derived smoke solution enhances plant growth; however, its mechanism is not fully understood. To reveal the effects of the plant-derived smoke solution on wheat under flooding, morphological, biochemical, and proteomic analyses were conducted. The plant-derived smoke solution improved wheat-leaf growth, even under flooding. According to the functional categorization of proteomic results, oppositely changed proteins were correlated with photosynthesis, glycolysis, biotic stress, and amino-acid metabolism with or without the plant-derived smoke solution under flooding. Immunoblot analysis confirmed that RuBisCO activase and RuBisCO large/small subunits, which decreased under flooding, were recovered by the application of the plant-derived smoke solution. Furthermore, the contents of chlorophylls a and b significantly decreased by flooding stress; however, they were recovered by the application of the plant-derived smoke solution. In glycolysis, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase decreased with the application of the plant-derived smoke solution under flooding as compared with flooding alone. Additionally, glutamine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and serine decreased under flooding; however, they were recovered by the plant-derived smoke solution. These results suggest that the application of the plant-derived smoke solution improves the recovery of wheat growth through the regulation of photosynthesis and glycolysis even under flooding conditions. Furthermore, the plant-derived smoke solution might promote wheat tolerance against flooding stress through the regulation of amino-acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setsuko Komatsu
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, Fukui 910-8505, Japan;
| | - Hisateru Yamaguchi
- Department of Medical Technology, Yokkaichi Nursing and Medical Care University, Yokkaichi 512-8045, Japan;
| | - Keisuke Hitachi
- Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan; (K.H.); (K.T.)
| | - Kunihiro Tsuchida
- Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan; (K.H.); (K.T.)
| | - Shafiq Ur Rehman
- Department of Biology, University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan;
| | - Toshihisa Ohno
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, Fukui 910-8505, Japan;
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