1
|
Sarkar A, Kisiala A, Adhikary D, Basu U, Emery RJN, Rahman H, Kav NNV. Silicon ameliorates clubroot responses in canola (Brassica napus): A "multi-omics"-based investigation into possible mechanisms. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e13900. [PMID: 36992551 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Clubroot disease, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae Woronin, results in severe yield losses in Brassica crops, including canola. Silicon (Si) mitigates several stresses and enhances plant resistance to phytopathogens. We investigated the effects of Si on clubroot disease symptoms in canola at two concentrations of Si, Si: soil in 1: 100 w/w (Si1.0) and Si: soil in 1:200 w/w (Si0.5) under greenhouse conditions. In addition, the effects of Si on P. brassicae-induced gene expression, endogenous levels of phytohormones and metabolites were studied using "omics" approaches. Si application reduced clubroot symptoms and improved plant growth parameters. Gene expression analysis revealed increased transcript-level responses in Si1.0 compared to Si0.5 plants at 7-, 14-, and 21-days post-inoculation (dpi). Pathogen-induced transcript-level changes were affected by Si treatment, with genes related to antioxidant activity (e.g., POD, CAT), phytohormone biosynthesis and signalling (e.g., PDF1.2, NPR1, JAZ, IPT, TAA), nitrogen metabolism (e.g., NRT, AAT), and secondary metabolism (e.g., PAL, BCAT4) exhibiting differential expression. Endogenous levels of phytohormones (e.g., auxin, cytokinin), a majority of the amino acids and secondary metabolites (e.g., glucosinolates) were increased at 7 dpi, followed by a decrease at 14- and 21-dpi due to Si-treatment. Stress hormones such as abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), and jasmonic acid (JA) also decreased at the later time points in Si0.5, and Si1.0 treated plants. Si appears to improve clubroot symptoms while enhancing plant growth and associated metabolic processes, including nitrogen metabolism and secondary metabolite biosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Sarkar
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Anna Kisiala
- Biology Department, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dinesh Adhikary
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Urmila Basu
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - R J Neil Emery
- Biology Department, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - Habibur Rahman
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nat N V Kav
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang X, Li X, Li H, Wang Z, Xia R, Hu J, Wang P, Zhou X, Wan L, Hong D, Yang G. Quantitative trait locus mapping and improved resistance to sclerotinia stem rot in a backbone parent of rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1056206. [PMID: 36438142 PMCID: PMC9684713 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1056206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
There are three main challenges to improving sclerotinia stem rot (SSR) resistance in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). First, breeding materials such as the backbone parents have not been extensively investigated, making the findings of previous studies difficult to directly implement. Second, SSR resistance and flowering time (FT) loci are typically linked; thus, use of these loci requires sacrifice of the rapeseed growth period. Third, the SSR resistance loci in susceptible materials are often neglected, thereby reducing the richness of resistant resources. This study was conducted to investigate the stem resistance, disease index, and FT of a doubled haploid population consisting of 151 lines constructed from the backbone parent 19514A and conventional rapeseed cultivar ZY50 within multiple environments. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping revealed 13 stem resistance QTLs, 9 disease index QTLs, and 20 FT QTLs. QTL meta-analysis showed that uqA04, uqC03.1, and uqC03.2 were repeatable SSR resistance QTLs derived from different parents but not affected by the FT. Based on these three QTLs, we proposed a strategy for improving the SSR resistance of 19514A and ZY50. This study improves the understanding of the resistance to rapeseed SSR and genetic basis of FT and demonstrates that SSR resistance QTLs can be mined from parents with a minimal resistance level difference, thereby supporting the application of backbone parents in related research and resistance improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xiang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huining Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhuanrong Wang
- Institute of Crops, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Xia
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin Hu
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianming Zhou
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Lili Wan
- Institute of Crops, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Dengfeng Hong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangsheng Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Advances in Understanding Silicon Transporters and the Benefits to Silicon-Associated Disease Resistance in Plants. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12073282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) is the second most abundant element after oxygen in the earth’s crust and soil. It is available for plant growth and development, and it is considered as quasi-essential for plant growth. The uptake and transport of Si is mediated by Si transporters. With the study of the molecular mechanism of Si uptake and transport in higher plants, different proteins and coding genes with different characteristics have been identified in numerous plants. Therefore, the accumulation, uptake and transport mechanisms of Si in various plants appear to be quite different. Many studies have reported that Si is beneficial for plant survival when challenged by disease, and it can also enhance plant resistance to pathogens, even at low Si accumulation levels. In this review, we discuss the distribution of Si in plants, as well as Si uptake, transport and accumulation, with a focus on recent advances in the study of Si transporters in different plants and the beneficial roles of Si in disease resistance. Finally, the application prospects are reviewed, leading to an exploration of the benefits of Si uptake for plant resistance against pathogens.
Collapse
|