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Zhou C, Zhao R, Wang H, Liu B, Yu Y, Jiang L. Untargeted Metabolome Analyses Revealed Potential Metabolic Mechanisms of Leymus chinensis in Response to Simulated Animal Feeding. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6110. [PMID: 38892301 PMCID: PMC11173140 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel., also known as the "Alkali Grass", is a major forage grass in the eastern and northeastern steppe vegetation in the Songnen Prairie. It is of great practical significance for grassland management to understand the influence of animal saliva on L. chinensis during animal feeding. In this study, we used clipping and daubing animal saliva to simulate responses to grazing by L. chinensis, and analyzed the physiological and metabolomic changes in response to simulated animal feeding. Results showed that the effects of animal saliva on physiological and metabolic processes of the treated plants produced a recovery phenomenon. Moreover, the effects of animal saliva produced a large number of differential metabolites related to several known metabolic pathways, among which the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway has undergone significant and persistent changes. We posit that the potential metabolic mechanisms of L. chinensis in response to simulated animal feeding are closely related to flavonoid biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxu Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Ruiqi Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Han Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Bao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yingjie Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Lili Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
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Xu J, Lu X, Liu Y, Lan W, Wei Z, Yu W, Li C. Interaction between ABA and NO in plants under abiotic stresses and its regulatory mechanisms. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1330948. [PMID: 38828220 PMCID: PMC11140121 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1330948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) and nitric oxide (NO), as unique signaling molecules, are involved in plant growth, developmental processes, and abiotic stresses. However, the interaction between ABA and NO under abiotic stresses has little been worked out at present. Therefore, this paper reviews the mechanisms of crosstalk between ABA and NO in the regulation of plants in response to environmental stresses. Firstly, ABA-NO interaction can alleviate the changes of plant morphological indexes damaged by abiotic stresses, for instance, root length, leaf area, and fresh weight. Secondly, regulatory mechanisms of interaction between ABA and NO are also summarized, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidant enzymes, proline, flavonoids, polyamines (PAs), ascorbate-glutathione cycle, water balance, photosynthetic, stomatal movement, and post-translational modifications. Meanwhile, the relationships between ABA and NO are established. ABA regulates NO through ROS at the physiological level during the regulatory processes. At the molecular level, NO counteracts ABA through mediating post-translational modifications. Moreover, we also discuss key genes related to the antioxidant enzymes, PAs biosynthesis, ABA receptor, NO biosynthesis, and flavonoid biosynthesis that are regulated by the interaction between ABA and NO under environmental stresses. This review will provide new guiding directions for the mechanism of the crosstalk between ABA and NO to alleviate abiotic stresses.
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Lv J, Du Q, Shi S, Ma M, Zhang W, Ge D, Xing L, Yu N. Untargeted Metabolomics Based on UPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap-MS/MS Revealed the Differences and Correlations between Different Parts of the Root of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. Molecules 2024; 29:992. [PMID: 38474505 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29050992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (PLP) is a plant with excellent ornamental and therapeutic value that can be utilized in traditional Chinese medicine as Paeoniae Radix Alba (PRA) and Paeoniae Radix Rubra (PRR). PRA must undergo the "peeling" process, which involves removing the cork and a portion of the phloem. PLP's biological function is strongly linked to its secondary metabolites, and the distribution of metabolites in different regions of the PLP rhizome causes changes in efficacy when PLP is processed into various therapeutic compounds. METHODS The metabolites of the cork (cor), phloem (phl), and xylem (xyl) were examined in the roots of PLP using a metabolomics approach based on UPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap-MS/MS (UPLC-MS/MS), and the differential metabolites were evaluated using multivariate analysis. RESULTS Significant changes were observed among the cor, phl, and xyl samples. In both positive and negative ion modes, a total of 15,429 peaks were detected and 7366 metabolites were identified. A total of 525 cor-phl differential metabolites, 452 cor-xyl differential metabolites, and 328 phl-xyl differential metabolites were evaluated. Flavonoids, monoterpene glycosides, fatty acids, sugar derivatives, and carbohydrates were among the top 50 dissimilar chemicals. The key divergent metabolic pathways include linoleic acid metabolism, galactose metabolism, ABC transporters, arginine biosynthesis, and flavonoid biosynthesis. CONCLUSION The cor, phl, and xyl of PLP roots exhibit significantly different metabolite types and metabolic pathways; therefore, "peeling" may impact the pharmaceutical effect of PLP. This study represents the first metabolomics analysis of the PLP rhizome, laying the groundwork for the isolation and identification of PLP pharmacological activity, as well as the quality evaluation and efficacy exploration of PLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Qianqian Du
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Suying Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Mengzhen Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
- MOE-Anhui Joint Collaborative Innovation Center for Quality Improvement of Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
- MOE-Anhui Joint Collaborative Innovation Center for Quality Improvement of Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials, Hefei 230012, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research, Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Dezhu Ge
- Anhui Jiren Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Bozhou 236800, China
| | - Lihua Xing
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
- MOE-Anhui Joint Collaborative Innovation Center for Quality Improvement of Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials, Hefei 230012, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research, Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Nianjun Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
- MOE-Anhui Joint Collaborative Innovation Center for Quality Improvement of Anhui Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials, Hefei 230012, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research, Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
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Li D, Lin HY, Wang X, Bi B, Gao Y, Shao L, Zhang R, Liang Y, Xia Y, Zhao YP, Zhou X, Zhang L. Genome and whole-genome resequencing of Cinnamomum camphora elucidate its dominance in subtropical urban landscapes. BMC Biol 2023; 21:192. [PMID: 37697363 PMCID: PMC10496300 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01692-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lauraceae is well known for its significant phylogenetic position as well as important economic and ornamental value; however, most evergreen species in Lauraceae are restricted to tropical regions. In contrast, camphor tree (Cinnamomum camphora) is the most dominant evergreen broadleaved tree in subtropical urban landscapes. RESULTS Here, we present a high-quality reference genome of C. camphora and conduct comparative genomics between C. camphora and C. kanehirae. Our findings demonstrated the significance of key genes in circadian rhythms and phenylpropanoid metabolism in enhancing cold response, and terpene synthases (TPSs) improved defence response with tandem duplication and gene cluster formation in C. camphora. Additionally, the first comprehensive catalogue of C. camphora based on whole-genome resequencing of 75 accessions was constructed, which confirmed the crucial roles of the above pathways and revealed candidate genes under selection in more popular C. camphora, and indicated that enhancing environmental adaptation is the primary force driving C. camphora breeding and dominance. CONCLUSIONS These results decipher the dominance of C. camphora in subtropical urban landscapes and provide abundant genomic resources for enlarging the application scopes of evergreen broadleaved trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danqing Li
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Han-Yang Lin
- Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- School of Advanced Study, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Xiuyun Wang
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Bi
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lingmei Shao
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Runlong Zhang
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuwei Liang
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiping Xia
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun-Peng Zhao
- Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofan Zhou
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangsheng Zhang
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, China.
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Yu Y, Wu Y, Liu W, Liu J, Li P. Integration of Metabolome and Transcriptome Reveals the Major Metabolic Pathways and Potential Biomarkers in Response to Freeze-Stress Regulation in Apple ( Malus domestica). Metabolites 2023; 13:891. [PMID: 37623835 PMCID: PMC10456784 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13080891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Freezing stress is the main factor affecting the normal growth and distribution of plants. The safe overwintering of a perennial deciduous plant is a crucial link to ensuring its survival and yield. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism of its gene regulation metabolites as related to its freeze-tolerance. In order to enhance our comprehension of freeze-tolerance metabolites and gene expression in dormant apple trees, we examined the metabolic and transcriptomic differences between 'Ralls' and 'Fuji', two apple varieties with varying degrees of resistance to freezing. The results of the freezing treatment showed that 'Ralls' had stronger freeze-tolerance than 'Fuji'. We identified 302, 334, and 267 up-regulated differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) and 408, 387, and 497 down-regulated DAMs between 'Ralls' and 'Fuji' under -10, -15, and -20 °C treatment, respectively. A total of 359 shared metabolites were obtained in the upward trend modules, of which 62 metabolites were associated with 89 pathways. The number of up-regulated genes accounted for 50.2%, 45.6%, and 43.2% of the total number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), respectively, at -10, -15, and -20 °C. Through combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis, we identified 12 pathways that included 16 DAMs and 65 DEGs. Meanwhile, we found that 20 DEGs were identified in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway and its related pathways, involving the metabolism of p-Coumaroyl-CoA, 7, 4'-Dihydroxyflavone, and scolymoside. These discoveries advance our comprehension of the molecular mechanism underlying apple freeze-tolerance and provide genetic material for breeding apple cultivars with enhanced freeze-tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Yu
- Hebei Academy of Forestry and Grassland Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
| | - YaJing Wu
- Hebei Academy of Forestry and Grassland Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
| | - Wenfei Liu
- Hebei Academy of Forestry and Grassland Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Hebei Academy of Forestry and Grassland Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
| | - Ping Li
- College of Landscape and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
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Zhao M, Du C, Zeng J, Gao Z, Zhu Y, Wang J, Zhang Y, Zhu Z, Wang Y, Chen M, Wang Y, Chang J, Yang G, He G, Li Y, Chen X. Integrated omic analysis provides insights into the molecular regulation of stress tolerance by partial root-zone drying in rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1156514. [PMID: 37360728 PMCID: PMC10288491 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1156514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Partial root-zone drying (PRD) is an effective water-saving irrigation strategy that improves stress tolerance and facilitates efficient water use in several crops. It has long been considered that abscisic acid (ABA)-dependent drought resistance may be involved during partial root-zone drying. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying PRD-mediated stress tolerance remain unclear. It's hypothesized that other mechanisms might contribute to PRD-mediated drought tolerance. Here, rice seedlings were used as a research model and the complex transcriptomic and metabolic reprogramming processes were revealed during PRD, with several key genes involved in osmotic stress tolerance identified by using a combination of physiological, transcriptome, and metabolome analyses. Our results demonstrated that PRD induces transcriptomic alteration mainly in the roots but not in the leaves and adjusts several amino-acid and phytohormone metabolic pathways to maintain the balance between growth and stress response compared to the polyethylene glycol (PEG)-treated roots. Integrated analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome associated the co-expression modules with PRD-induced metabolic reprogramming. Several genes encoding the key transcription factors (TFs) were identified in these co-expression modules, highlighting several key TFs, including TCP19, WRI1a, ABF1, ABF2, DERF1, and TZF7, involved in nitrogen metabolism, lipid metabolism, ABA signaling, ethylene signaling, and stress regulation. Thus, our work presents the first evidence that molecular mechanisms other than ABA-mediated drought resistance are involved in PRD-mediated stress tolerance. Overall, our results provide new insights into PRD-mediated osmotic stress tolerance, clarify the molecular regulation induced by PRD, and identify genes useful for further improving water-use efficiency and/or stress tolerance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhua Zhao
- Henry Fok School of Biology and Agriculture, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Water and Soil Resources in North Region, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Canghao Du
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jian Zeng
- Henry Fok School of Biology and Agriculture, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Water and Soil Resources in North Region, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhihong Gao
- Henry Fok School of Biology and Agriculture, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Water and Soil Resources in North Region, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongyong Zhu
- Henry Fok School of Biology and Agriculture, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Water and Soil Resources in North Region, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinfei Wang
- Henry Fok School of Biology and Agriculture, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Water and Soil Resources in North Region, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yupeng Zhang
- Henry Fok School of Biology and Agriculture, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Water and Soil Resources in North Region, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Zetao Zhu
- Henry Fok School of Biology and Agriculture, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Water and Soil Resources in North Region, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaqiong Wang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Mingjie Chen
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuesheng Wang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Junli Chang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Guangxiao Yang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Guangyuan He
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yin Li
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Henry Fok School of Biology and Agriculture, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Water and Soil Resources in North Region, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
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Sun Q, Ma L, Zhu X. Metabolomics-based exploration the response mechanisms of Saussurea involucrata leaves under different levels of low temperature stress. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:297. [PMID: 37264318 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09376-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Saussurea involucrata (Sik.) is alpine plant that have developed special adaptive mechanisms to resist adverse environmental conditions such as low temperature chilling during long-term adaptation and evolution. Exploring the changes of its metabolites under different temperature stresses is helpful to gain insight into its cold stress tolerance. METHODS Ultra-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry were used to analyze the metabolites in the leaves of Sik. under low different temperature stress conditions. RESULTS A total of 753 metabolites were identified, and 360 different metabolites were identified according to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and amino acids and sugars. Sucrose and trehalose synthesis, glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, pentose phosphate pathway, glutamic acid-mediated proline biosynthesis, purine metabolism, amino acid metabolism, phenylpropane synthesis pathway metabolites all respond to low temperature stress. Under cold stress conditions, carbohydrates in Sik. leaves accumulate first than under freezing conditions, and the lower the temperature under freezing conditions, the less amino acids accumulate, while the phenolic substances increase. The expression of various substances in LPE and LPC increased more than 10-fold after low temperature stress compared with the control, but the content of LPE and LPC substances decreased after cold adaptation. In addition, purines and phenolics decreased and amino acids accumulated significantly under freezing conditions. CONCLUSION The metabolic network of Sik. leaves under different low temperature stress conditions was proposed, which provided a reference for further exploration of the metabolic mechanism related to low temperature stress tolerance of Sik.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Lihua Ma
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China
| | - Xinxia Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China.
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Zhu Z, Wei L, Guo L, Bao H, Wang X, Kear P, Wang Z, Zhu G. Integrated Full-Length Transcriptome and Metabolome Profiling Reveals Flavonoid Regulation in Response to Freezing Stress in Potato. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2054. [PMID: 37653971 PMCID: PMC10223400 DOI: 10.3390/plants12102054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Cold stress impairs plant growth and development, resulting in crop failure. Cultivated potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is sensitive to freezing, while its wild relative, S. commersonii, has a strong freezing tolerance. To decipher the anti-freezing mechanism of CM, we carried out a transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis of an anti-freezing variety of CM (a type of S. commersonii) and a freeze-sensitive variety of DM (a type of Solanum tuberosum L.). A total of 49,232 high-quality transcripts from 12,811 gene loci, including 46,772 coding sequences and 2018 non-coding RNAs, were identified. KEEG enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the two varieties showed that the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway was strongly induced by freezing stress, which was proven by flavonoid metabolome analysis. Consistent with the accumulation of more flavonoids, nearly all the pathway genes were significantly upregulated in CM than those in DM. The transcript levels of two chalcone synthase (CHS-1) isoforms and four isoforms of flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (F3'H-1) were confirmed by qRT-PCR. Co-expression analysis identified one Myb-related and three UGTs (UDP-glycosyltransferase) that were significantly upregulated in CM during freezing stress. Our findings support that the flavonoid pathway was significantly enhanced by freezing stress and the greater accumulation ofglycosylatedflavonoids in resistant types than that of sensitive types, maybe accounting for the increased freezing tolerance of freeze-resistant potato varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Zhu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Potato Biology, Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Lingling Wei
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Potato Biology, Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Lei Guo
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Potato Biology, Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Huihui Bao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Potato Biology, Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Potato Biology, Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Philip Kear
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- International Potato Center (CIP), CIP China Center for Asia Pacific, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Guangtao Zhu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Potato Biology, Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
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Zhi J, Zeng J, Wang Y, Zhao H, Wang G, Guo J, Wang Y, Chen M, Yang G, He G, Chen X, Chang J, Li Y. A multi-omic resource of wheat seed tissues for nutrient deposition and improvement for human health. Sci Data 2023; 10:269. [PMID: 37164961 PMCID: PMC10172328 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02133-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
As a globally important staple crop, wheat seeds provide us with nutrients and proteins. The trend of healthy dietary has become popular recently, emphasizing the consumption of whole-grain wheat products and the dietary benefits. However, the dynamic changes in nutritional profiles of different wheat seed regions (i.e., the embryo, endosperm and outer layers) during developmental stages and the molecular regulation have not been well studied. Here, we provide this multi-omic resource of wheat seeds and describe the generation, technical assessment and preliminary analyses. This resource includes a time-series RNA-seq dataset of the embryo, endosperm and outer layers of wheat seeds and their corresponding metabolomic dataset, covering the middle and late stages of seed development. Our RNA-seq experiments profile the expression of 63,708 genes, while the metabolomic data includes the abundance of 984 metabolites. We believe that this was the first reported transcriptome and metabolome dataset of wheat seeds that helps understand the molecular regulation of the deposition of beneficial nutrients and hence improvements for nutritional and processing quality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhi
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jian Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Henry Fok School of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, Guangdong, 512005, China
| | - Yaqiong Wang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Guoli Wang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Henry Fok School of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, Guangdong, 512005, China
| | - Yuesheng Wang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Mingjie Chen
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Guangxiao Yang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Guangyuan He
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Henry Fok School of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, Guangdong, 512005, China.
| | - Junli Chang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Yin Li
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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10
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Wu J, Lv S, Zhao L, Gao T, Yu C, Hu J, Ma F. Advances in the study of the function and mechanism of the action of flavonoids in plants under environmental stresses. PLANTA 2023; 257:108. [PMID: 37133783 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04136-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION This review summarizes the anti-stress effects of flavonoids in plants and highlights its role in the regulation of polar auxin transport and free radical scavenging mechanism. As secondary metabolites widely present in plants, flavonoids play a vital function in plant growth, but also in resistance to stresses. This review introduces the classification, structure and synthetic pathways of flavonoids. The effects of flavonoids in plant stress resistance were enumerated, and the mechanism of flavonoids in plant stress resistance was discussed in detail. It is clarified that plants under stress accumulate flavonoids by regulating the expression of flavonoid synthase genes. It was also determined that the synthesized flavonoids are transported in plants through three pathways: membrane transport proteins, vesicles, and bound to glutathione S-transferase (GST). At the same time, the paper explores that flavonoids regulate polar auxin transport (PAT) by acting on the auxin export carrier PIN-FORMED (PIN) in the form of ATP-binding cassette subfamily B/P-glycoprotein (ABCB/PGP) transporter, which can help plants to respond in a more dominant form to stress. We have demonstrated that the number and location of hydroxyl groups in the structure of flavonoids can determine their free radical scavenging ability and also elucidated the mechanism by which flavonoids exert free radical removal in cells. We also identified flavonoids as signaling molecules to promote rhizobial nodulation and colonization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) to enhance plant-microbial symbiosis in defense to stresses. Given all this knowledge, we can foresee that the in-depth study of flavonoids will be an essential way to reveal plant tolerance and enhance plant stress resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieting Wu
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China.
| | - Sidi Lv
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Tian Gao
- School of Environmental Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Chang Yu
- Kerchin District Branch Office, Tongliao City Ecological Environment Bureau, Tongliao, 028006, China
| | - Jianing Hu
- Dalian Neusoft University of Information, Dalian, 116032, China
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
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11
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Zhang X, Ahmad N, Zhang Q, Wakeel Umar A, Wang N, Zhao X, Zhou K, Yao N, Liu X. Safflower Flavonoid 3′5′Hydroxylase Promotes Methyl Jasmonate-induced Anthocyanin Accumulation in Transgenic Plants. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073205. [PMID: 37049967 PMCID: PMC10095914 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are the most abundant class of secondary metabolites that are ubiquitously involved in plant development and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Flavonoid biosynthesis involves multiple channels of orchestrated molecular regulatory factors. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) has been demonstrated to enhance flavonoid accumulation in numerous plant species; however, the underlying molecular mechanism of MeJA-induced flavonoid biosynthesis in safflower is still not evident. In the present study, we revealed the underlying molecular basis of a putative F3′5′H gene from safflower imparting MeJA-induced flavonoid accumulation in transgenic plants. The constitutive expression of the CtF3′5′H1 gene was validated at different flowering stages, indicating their diverse transcriptional regulation through flower development in safflower. Similarly, the CtF3′5′H1-overexpressed Arabidopsis plants exhibit a higher expression level, with significantly increased anthocyanins and flavonoid content, but less proanthocyanidins than wild-type plants. In addition, transgenic plants treated with exogenous MeJA revealed the up-regulation of CtF3′5′H1 expression over different time points with significantly enhanced anthocyanin and flavonoid content as confirmed by HPLC analysis. Moreover, CtF3′5′H1- overexpressed Arabidopsis plants under methyl violet and UV-B irradiation also indicated significant increase in the expression level of CtF3′5′H1 with improved anthocyanin and flavonoid content, respectively. Noticeably, the virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) assay of CtF3′5′H1 in safflower leaves also confirmed reduced anthocyanin accumulation. However, the CtF3′5′H1 suppression in safflower leaves under MeJA elicitation demonstrated significant increase in total flavonoid content. Together, our findings confirmed that CtF3′5′H1 is likely mediating methyl jasmonate-induced flavonoid biosynthesis in transgenic plants via enhanced anthocyanin accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qingyu Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Abdul Wakeel Umar
- BNU-HKUST Laboratory of Green Innovation, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519088, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Jilin Province Institute of Product Quality Supervision and Inspection, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Kang Zhou
- Jilin Province Science and Technology Information Research Institute, Shenzhen Street 940, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Na Yao
- Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xiuming Liu
- Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
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12
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Zhang C, Lu X, Yan H, Gong M, Wang W, Chen B, Ma S, Li S. Nitrogen application improves salt tolerance of grape seedlings via regulating hormone metabolism. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e13896. [PMID: 36951039 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress is a dominant environmental factor that restricts the growth and yield of crops. Nitrogen is an essential mineral element for plants, regulates various physiological and biochemical processes, and has been reported to enhance salt tolerance in plants. However, the crosstalk between salt and nitrogen in grapes is not well understood. In this study, we found that nitrogen supplementation (0.01 and 0.1 mol L-1 NH4 NO3 ) significantly increased the accumulation of proline, chlorophyll, Na+ , NH4 + , and NO3 - , while it reduced the malondialdehyde content and inhibited photosynthetic performance under salt stress conditions (200 mmol L-1 NaCl). Further transcriptome and metabolome analyses showed that a total of 4890 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 753 differently accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were identified. Joint omics results revealed that plant hormone signal transduction pathway connected the DEGs and DAMs. In-depth analysis revealed that nitrogen supplementation increased the levels of endogenous abscisic acid, salicylic acid, and jasmonic acid by inducing the expression of 11, 4, and 13 genes related to their respective biosynthesis pathway. In contrast, endogenous indoleacetic acid content was significantly reduced due to the remarkable regulation of seven genes of its biosynthetic pathway. The modulation in hormone contents subsequently activated the differential expression of 13, 10, 12, and 29 genes of the respective downstream hormone signaling transduction pathways. Overall, all results indicate that moderate nitrogen supplementation could improve salt tolerance by regulating grape physiology and endogenous hormone homeostasis, as well as the expression of key genes in signaling pathways, which provides new insights into the interactions between mineral elements and salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Xu Lu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Haokai Yan
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Meishuang Gong
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Wenhui Wang
- Basic Experiment Teaching Center, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Baihong Chen
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Shaoying Ma
- Basic Experiment Teaching Center, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Sheng Li
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Lanzhou, 730070, China
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13
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Xu J, Hu Z, He H, Ou X, Yang Y, Xiao C, Yang C, Li L, Jiang W, Zhou T. Transcriptome analysis reveals that jasmonic acid biosynthesis and signaling is associated with the biosynthesis of asperosaponin VI in Dipsacus asperoides. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1022075. [PMID: 36798802 PMCID: PMC9928152 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1022075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Dipsacus asperoides is a perennial herb, the roots of which are abundant in asperosaponin VI, which has important medicinal value. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the biosynthesis of asperosaponin VI in D. asperoides remains unclear. In present study, a comprehensive investigation of asperosaponin VI biosynthesis was conducted at the levels of metabolite and transcript during root development. The content of asperosaponin VI was significantly accumulated in two-leaf stage roots, and the spatial distribution of asperosaponin VI was localized in the xylem. The concentration of asperosaponin VI gradually increased in the root with the development process. Transcriptome analysis revealed 3916 unique differentially expressed genes (DEGs) including 146 transcription factors (TFs) during root development in D. asperoides. In addition, α-linolenic acid metabolism, jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis, JA signal transduction, sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis, and terpenoid backbone biosynthesis were prominently enriched. Furthermore, the concentration of JA gradually increased, and genes involved in α-linolenic acid metabolism, JA biosynthesis, and triterpenoid biosynthesis were up-regulated during root development. Moreover, the concentration of asperosaponin VI was increased following methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment by activating the expression of genes in the triterpenoid biosynthesis pathway, including acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase (DaAACT), 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A synthase (DaHMGCS), 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme-A reductase (DaHMGCR). We speculate that JA biosynthesis and signaling regulates the expression of triterpenoid biosynthetic genes and facilitate the biosynthesis of asperosaponin VI. The results suggest a regulatory network wherein triterpenoids, JA, and TFs co-modulate the biosynthesis of asperosaponin VI in D. asperoides.
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14
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Yang L, Yang Y, Huang L, Cui X, Liu Y. From single- to multi-omics: future research trends in medicinal plants. Brief Bioinform 2022; 24:6840072. [PMID: 36416120 PMCID: PMC9851310 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbac485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants are the main source of natural metabolites with specialised pharmacological activities and have been widely examined by plant researchers. Numerous omics studies of medicinal plants have been performed to identify molecular markers of species and functional genes controlling key biological traits, as well as to understand biosynthetic pathways of bioactive metabolites and the regulatory mechanisms of environmental responses. Omics technologies have been widely applied to medicinal plants, including as taxonomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, proteomics, genomics, pangenomics, epigenomics and mutagenomics. However, because of the complex biological regulation network, single omics usually fail to explain the specific biological phenomena. In recent years, reports of integrated multi-omics studies of medicinal plants have increased. Until now, there have few assessments of recent developments and upcoming trends in omics studies of medicinal plants. We highlight recent developments in omics research of medicinal plants, summarise the typical bioinformatics resources available for analysing omics datasets, and discuss related future directions and challenges. This information facilitates further studies of medicinal plants, refinement of current approaches and leads to new ideas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Yang
- Kunming University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Ye Yang
- Kunming University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Luqi Huang
- the academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, studies the development of traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, China
| | - Xiuming Cui
- Corresponding authors. X. M. Cui, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China. E-mail: ; Y. Liu, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China. E-mail:
| | - Yuan Liu
- Corresponding authors. X. M. Cui, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China. E-mail: ; Y. Liu, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China. E-mail:
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15
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Shomali A, Das S, Arif N, Sarraf M, Zahra N, Yadav V, Aliniaeifard S, Chauhan DK, Hasanuzzaman M. Diverse Physiological Roles of Flavonoids in Plant Environmental Stress Responses and Tolerance. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11223158. [PMID: 36432887 PMCID: PMC9699315 DOI: 10.3390/plants11223158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are characterized as the low molecular weight polyphenolic compounds universally distributed in planta. They are a chemically varied group of secondary metabolites with a broad range of biological activity. The increasing amount of evidence has demonstrated the various physiological functions of flavonoids in stress response. In this paper, we provide a brief introduction to flavonoids' biochemistry and biosynthesis. Then, we review the recent findings on the alternation of flavonoid content under different stress conditions to come up with an overall picture of the mechanism of involvement of flavonoids in plants' response to various abiotic stresses. The participation of flavonoids in antioxidant systems, flavonoid-mediated response to different abiotic stresses, the involvement of flavonoids in stress signaling networks, and the physiological response of plants under stress conditions are discussed in this review. Moreover, molecular and genetic approaches to tailoring flavonoid biosynthesis and regulation under abiotic stress are addressed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Shomali
- Photosynthesis Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, University of Tehran, Tehran 33916-53755, Iran
| | - Susmita Das
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Namira Arif
- D. D. Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
- Faculty of Environmental Studies, Dehli School of Journalism, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Mohammad Sarraf
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz 61357-43311, Iran
| | - Noreen Zahra
- Department of Botany, Government College for Women University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Vaishali Yadav
- Department of Botany, Multanimal Modi College Modinagar, Ghaziabad 201204, India
| | - Sasan Aliniaeifard
- Photosynthesis Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, University of Tehran, Tehran 33916-53755, Iran
| | - Devendra Kumar Chauhan
- D. D. Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
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16
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Wang X, Zhou Q, Wang X, Song S, Liu J, Dong S. Mepiquat chloride inhibits soybean growth but improves drought resistance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:982415. [PMID: 36147232 PMCID: PMC9486081 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.982415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Soybeans are an important economic crop. As the most widely used growth regulator globally, the molecular mechanism of mepiquat chloride (DPC) in soybean remains unknown. In this study, RNA sequencing technology combined with ultra-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry were used to analyze the changes in the leaf transcriptome and metabolomics of soybean leaves at the seedling stage under DPC stress. The results showed that differentially expressed genes related to photosynthesis and cell wall synthesis were significantly downregulated at the transcriptional level. In addition, the syntheses of gibberellin, zeatin, brassinolide, and other plant hormones were inhibited in the signal transduction pathway of plant hormones, thereby inhibiting plant growth. In contrast, at the metabolic level, the expression levels of flavonoid differential metabolites were significantly increased, and the proportions of flavonoids in the two varieties were 61.5 and 66%, respectively. The combined analysis of transcriptome and metabolomics showed that the differential expressed genes and metabolites were mainly enriched in the isoflavonoid biosynthesis and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways. Principally, DPC inhibited plant growth but improved drought resistance. Our study is the first to report the molecular mechanism of DPC regulation in soybean, providing useful insights into the rational application of DPC in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyue Wang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuang Song
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Lab of Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shoukun Dong
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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