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Daldoul S, Hanzouli F, Boubakri H, Nick P, Mliki A, Gargouri M. Deciphering the regulatory networks involved in mild and severe salt stress responses in the roots of wild grapevine Vitis vinifera spp. sylvestris. PROTOPLASMA 2024; 261:447-462. [PMID: 37963978 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-023-01908-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptional regulatory networks are pivotal components of plant's response to salt stress. However, plant adaptation strategies varied as a function of stress intensity, which is mainly modulated by climate change. Here, we determined the gene regulatory networks based on transcription factor (TF) TF_gene co-expression, using two transcriptomic data sets generated from the salt-tolerant "Tebaba" roots either treated with 50 mM NaCl (mild stress) or 150 mM NaCl (severe stress). The analysis of these regulatory networks identified specific TFs as key regulatory hubs as evidenced by their multiple interactions with different target genes related to stress response. Indeed, under mild stress, NAC and bHLH TFs were identified as central hubs regulating nitrogen storage process. Moreover, HSF TFs were revealed as a regulatory hub regulating various aspects of cellular metabolism including flavonoid biosynthesis, protein processing, phenylpropanoid metabolism, galactose metabolism, and heat shock proteins. These processes are essentially linked to short-term acclimatization under mild salt stress. This was further consolidated by the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis showing structural and plant growth adjustment. Conversely, under severe salt stress, dramatic metabolic changes were observed leading to novel TF members including MYB family as regulatory hubs controlling isoflavonoid biosynthesis, oxidative stress response, abscisic acid signaling pathway, and proteolysis. The PPI network analysis also revealed deeper stress defense changes aiming to restore plant metabolic homeostasis when facing severe salt stress. Overall, both the gene co-expression and PPI network provided valuable insights on key transcription factor hubs that can be employed as candidates for future genetic crop engineering programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia Daldoul
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, BP. 901, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.
| | - Faouzia Hanzouli
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, BP. 901, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
- Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis El-Manar, El Manar II, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hatem Boubakri
- Laboratory of Legumes and Sustainable Agrosystems, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, B.P 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Peter Nick
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ahmed Mliki
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, BP. 901, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Mahmoud Gargouri
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, BP. 901, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.
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Gajjar P, Ismail A, Islam T, Moniruzzaman M, Darwish AG, Dawood AS, Mohamed AG, Haikal AM, El-Saady AM, El-Kereamy A, Sherif SM, Abazinge MD, Kambiranda D, El-Sharkawy I. Transcriptome Profiling of a Salt Excluder Hybrid Grapevine Rootstock 'Ruggeri' throughout Salinity. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:837. [PMID: 38592889 PMCID: PMC10974295 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Salinity is one of the substantial threats to plant productivity and could be escorted by other stresses such as heat and drought. It impairs critical biological processes, such as photosynthesis, energy, and water/nutrient acquisition, ultimately leading to cell death when stress intensity becomes uncured. Therefore, plants deploy several proper processes to overcome such hostile circumstances. Grapevine is one of the most important crops worldwide that is relatively salt-tolerant and preferentially cultivated in hot and semi-arid areas. One of the most applicable strategies for sustainable viticulture is using salt-tolerant rootstock such as Ruggeri (RUG). The rootstock showed efficient capacity of photosynthesis, ROS detoxification, and carbohydrate accumulation under salinity. The current study utilized the transcriptome profiling approach to identify the molecular events of RUG throughout a regime of salt stress followed by a recovery procedure. The data showed progressive changes in the transcriptome profiling throughout salinity, underpinning the involvement of a large number of genes in transcriptional reprogramming during stress. Our results established a considerable enrichment of the biological process GO-terms related to salinity adaptation, such as signaling, hormones, photosynthesis, carbohydrates, and ROS homeostasis. Among the battery of molecular/cellular responses launched upon salinity, ROS homeostasis plays the central role of salt adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranavkumar Gajjar
- Center for Viticulture and Small Fruit Research, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32308, USA
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Center for Viticulture and Small Fruit Research, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32308, USA
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22516, Egypt
| | - Tabibul Islam
- Plant Sciences Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Md Moniruzzaman
- Center for Viticulture and Small Fruit Research, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32308, USA
| | - Ahmed G Darwish
- Center for Viticulture and Small Fruit Research, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32308, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Dawood
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed G Mohamed
- Center for Viticulture and Small Fruit Research, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32308, USA
| | - Amr M Haikal
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22516, Egypt
| | | | - Ashraf El-Kereamy
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Sherif M Sherif
- Alson H. Smith Jr. Agricultural Research and Extension Center, School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Winchester, VA 22602, USA
| | - Michael D Abazinge
- School of the Environment, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - Devaiah Kambiranda
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Southern University Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA
| | - Islam El-Sharkawy
- Center for Viticulture and Small Fruit Research, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32308, USA
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Hanzouli F, Zemni H, Gargouri M, Boubakri H, Mliki A, Vincenzi S, Daldoul S. Evidence of an active role of resveratrol derivatives in the tolerance of wild grapevines (Vitis vinifera ssp. sylvestris) to salinity. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2024; 137:265-277. [PMID: 38148429 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-023-01515-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol and its derivatives are the most important phytoalexins with a crucial role in plant defense mechanisms. These compounds can occur either naturally or in response to abiotic stresses. Among them, salinity is one of the major threats to the sustainability and productivity of agro-economically important species, particularly those involved in the vini-viticulture sector. Understating salinity tolerance mechanisms in plants is required for the development of novel engineering tools. This study aimed to investigate the potential role of resveratrol derivatives in salinity tolerance of wild grapevines. Our data revealed that the tolerant Tunisian wild grapevine genotype "Ouchtata" exhibited an increased accumulation of resveratrol derivatives (glycosylated and non-glycosylated resveratrol and t-ɛ-viniferin and hydroxylated t-piceatannol) in both stems and roots, along with an increased total antioxidant activity (TAA) compared to the sensitive genotype "Djebba" under stress conditions, suggesting an involvement of these stilbenes in redox homeostasis, thereby, protecting cells from salt-induced oxidative damage. Overall, our study revealed, for the first time, an active role for resveratrol derivatives in salt stress tolerance in wild grapevine, highlighting their potential use as metabolic markers in future grapevine breeding programs for a sustainable vini-viticulture in salt-affected regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faouzia Hanzouli
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, BP 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
- Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis El-Manar, El Manar II, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hassène Zemni
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, BP 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Mahmoud Gargouri
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, BP 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.
| | - Hatem Boubakri
- Laboratory of Legumes and Sustainable Agrosystems, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, B.P 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Mliki
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, BP 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Simone Vincenzi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Vialedell'Università, 16, 35020, Lesagnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Samia Daldoul
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, BP 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.
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Daldoul S, Gargouri M, Weinert C, Jarrar A, Egert B, Mliki A, Nick P. A Tunisian wild grape leads to metabolic fingerprints of salt tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:371-388. [PMID: 37226320 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity is progressively impacting agriculture, including viticulture. Identification of genetic factors rendering grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) resilience that can be introgressed into commercial varieties is necessary for safeguarding viticulture against the consequences of global climate change. To gain insight into the physiological and metabolic responses enabling salt tolerance, we compared a salt-tolerant accession of Vitis sylvestris from Tunisia, "Tebaba", with "1103 Paulsen" rootstock widely used in the Mediterranean. Salt stress was slowly increased, simulating the situation of an irrigated vineyard. We determined that "Tebaba" does not sequester sodium in the root but can cope with salinity through robust redox homeostasis. This is linked with rechanneling of metabolic pathways toward antioxidants and compatible osmolytes, buffering photosynthesis, such that cell-wall breakdown can be avoided. We propose that salt tolerance of this wild grapevine cannot be attributed to a single genetic factor but emerges from favorable metabolic fluxes that are mutually supportive. We suggest that introgression of "Tebaba" into commercial varieties is preferred over the use of "Tebaba" as a rootstock for improving salt tolerance in grapevine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia Daldoul
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, Borj-Cedria PC5G+PV6, Tunisia
| | - Mahmoud Gargouri
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, Borj-Cedria PC5G+PV6, Tunisia
| | - Christoph Weinert
- Institute for Safety and Quality in Fruits and Vegetables, Max-Rubner Institute for Nutrition, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
| | - Ali Jarrar
- Molecular Cell Biology, Joseph Gottlied Kölreuter Institute for Plant Sciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
| | - Björn Egert
- Institute for Safety and Quality in Fruits and Vegetables, Max-Rubner Institute for Nutrition, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
| | - Ahmed Mliki
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, Borj-Cedria PC5G+PV6, Tunisia
| | - Peter Nick
- Molecular Cell Biology, Joseph Gottlied Kölreuter Institute for Plant Sciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
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Wu J, Wei Z, Zhao W, Zhang Z, Chen D, Zhang H, Liu X. Transcriptome Analysis of the Salt-Treated Actinidia deliciosa (A. Chev.) C. F. Liang and A. R. Ferguson Plantlets. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:3772-3786. [PMID: 37232712 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45050243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The area of saline land in the world is quite large, and there is broad room for its development and usage. 'Xuxiang' is an Actinidia deliciosa variety that is tolerant to salt and can be planted in an area of light-saline land, and has good comprehensive characteristics and high economic value. However, the molecular mechanism of salt tolerance is unknown at present. To understand the molecular mechanism of salt tolerance, the leaves of A. deliciosa 'Xuxiang' were used as explants to establish a sterile tissue culture system, and plantlets were obtained using this system. One percent concentration (w/v) of sodium chloride (NaCl) was employed to treat the young plantlets cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, then RNA-seq was used for transcriptome analysis. The results showed that the genes related to salt stress in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway and the anabolism of trehalose and maltose pathways were up-regulated; however, those genes in the plant hormone signal transduction and metabolic pathways of starch, sucrose, glucose, and fructose were down-regulated after salt treatment. The expression levels of ten genes that were up-regulated and down-regulated in these pathways were confirmed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis. The salt tolerance of A. deliciosa might be related to the expression level changes in the genes in the pathways of plant hormone signal transduction, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and starch, sucrose, glucose, and fructose metabolism. The increased expression levels of the genes encoding alpha-trehalose-phosphate synthase, trehalose-phosphatase, alpha-amylase, beta-amylase, feruloyl-CoA 6-hydroxylase, ferulate 5-hydroxylase, and coniferyl-alcohol glucosyl transferase might be vital to the salt stress response of the young A. deliciosa plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiexin Wu
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Zhuo Wei
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Zhiming Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Daming Chen
- Research Institute of Agriculture Ecological in Hot Areas, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Science, Yuanmou 651300, China
| | - Hanyao Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Xiaozhen Liu
- Research Institute of Agriculture Ecological in Hot Areas, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Science, Yuanmou 651300, China
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