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Ariyo OW, Kwakye J, Sovi S, Aryal B, Ghareeb AFA, Hartono E, Milfort MC, Fuller AL, Rekaya R, Aggrey SE. Glucose Supplementation Improves Performance and Alters Glucose Transporters' Expression in Pectoralis major of Heat-Stressed Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2911. [PMID: 37760311 PMCID: PMC10525872 DOI: 10.3390/ani13182911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose level in birds' tissue decreases due to heat stress (HS)-induced reduction in feed intake (FI); impairing metabolism and growth. The effect of glucose supplementation on the performance of broiler chickens was evaluated under thermoneutral (TN) and HS conditions. Glucose was supplemented at 0 and 6% under TN-(25 °C) and HS-(25 °C-35 °C-25 °C) conditions. The treatments were TN + 0%-glucose (TN0); TN + 6%-glucose (TN6), HS + 0%-glucose (HS0) and HS + 6%-glucose (HS6). There were 6 replicates (19 birds each)/treatment. Heat and glucose supplementation were applied from d28-35. At d35, Pectoralis (P.) major was sampled from one bird/replicate to determine glucose transporters' mRNA expression. Heat application lowered (p < 0.05) FI, body weight gain, and increased feed and water conversion ratios. Glucose supplementation increased total energy intake by 4.9 and 3.2% in TN and HS groups, respectively but reduced FI under TN and HS conditions. The P. major- and drumstick-yield reduced (p < 0.05) in HS0 compared to TN0, TN6 and HS6. Under HS, glucose supplementation improved eviscerated carcass weight by 9% and P. major yield by 14%. Glucose supplementation increased SGLT1 expression with/without heat treatment while HS independently increased the expression of GLUT 1, 5 and 10. Glucose supplementation under HS could improve performance of broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatomide Williams Ariyo
- NutriGenomics Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (O.W.A.); (J.K.); (S.S.); (B.A.); (A.F.A.G.); (E.H.); (M.C.M.); (A.L.F.)
| | - Josephine Kwakye
- NutriGenomics Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (O.W.A.); (J.K.); (S.S.); (B.A.); (A.F.A.G.); (E.H.); (M.C.M.); (A.L.F.)
| | - Selorm Sovi
- NutriGenomics Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (O.W.A.); (J.K.); (S.S.); (B.A.); (A.F.A.G.); (E.H.); (M.C.M.); (A.L.F.)
| | - Bikash Aryal
- NutriGenomics Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (O.W.A.); (J.K.); (S.S.); (B.A.); (A.F.A.G.); (E.H.); (M.C.M.); (A.L.F.)
| | - Ahmed F. A. Ghareeb
- NutriGenomics Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (O.W.A.); (J.K.); (S.S.); (B.A.); (A.F.A.G.); (E.H.); (M.C.M.); (A.L.F.)
| | - Evan Hartono
- NutriGenomics Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (O.W.A.); (J.K.); (S.S.); (B.A.); (A.F.A.G.); (E.H.); (M.C.M.); (A.L.F.)
| | - Marie C. Milfort
- NutriGenomics Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (O.W.A.); (J.K.); (S.S.); (B.A.); (A.F.A.G.); (E.H.); (M.C.M.); (A.L.F.)
| | - Alberta L. Fuller
- NutriGenomics Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (O.W.A.); (J.K.); (S.S.); (B.A.); (A.F.A.G.); (E.H.); (M.C.M.); (A.L.F.)
| | - Romdhane Rekaya
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
| | - Samuel E. Aggrey
- NutriGenomics Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (O.W.A.); (J.K.); (S.S.); (B.A.); (A.F.A.G.); (E.H.); (M.C.M.); (A.L.F.)
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Colombage R, Singh MB, Bhalla PL. Melatonin and Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Crop Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:7447. [PMID: 37108609 PMCID: PMC10138880 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing food demand by the growing human population and declining crop productivity due to climate change affect global food security. To meet the challenges, developing improved crops that can tolerate abiotic stresses is a priority. Melatonin in plants, also known as phytomelatonin, is an active component of the various cellular mechanisms that alleviates oxidative damage in plants, hence supporting the plant to survive abiotic stress conditions. Exogenous melatonin strengthens this defence mechanism by enhancing the detoxification of reactive by-products, promoting physiological activities, and upregulating stress-responsive genes to alleviate damage during abiotic stress. In addition to its well-known antioxidant activity, melatonin protects against abiotic stress by regulating plant hormones, activating ER stress-responsive genes, and increasing protein homoeostasis, heat shock transcription factors and heat shock proteins. Under abiotic stress, melatonin enhances the unfolded protein response, endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation, and autophagy, which ultimately protect cells from programmed cell death and promotes cell repair resulting in increased plant survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Prem L. Bhalla
- Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; (R.C.); (M.B.S.)
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