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Luo XY, Nie TJ, Liu H, Ding XF, Huang Y, Guo CC, Zhang WG. Karyotype and genome size variation in Delphinium subg. Anthriscifolium (Ranunculaceae). PHYTOKEYS 2023; 234:145-165. [PMID: 37901134 PMCID: PMC10612113 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.234.108841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Five taxa of Delphiniumsubg.Anthriscifolium have been karyologically studied through chromosome counting, chromosomal measurement, and karyotype symmetry. Each taxon that we investigated has a basic chromosome number of x = 8, D.anthriscifoliumvar.savatieri, D.anthriscifoliumvar.majus, D.ecalcaratum, and D.callichromum were diploid with 2n = 16, while D.anthriscifoliumvar.anthriscifolium was tetraploid with 2n = 32. Monoploid chromosome sets of the investigated diploid taxa contained 1 metacentric chromosome, 3 submetacentric chromosomes, and 4 subtelocentric chromosomes. Higher interchromosomal asymmetry (CVCL) was present in D.ecalcaratum and D.callichromum than in other taxa. The highest levels of intrachromosomal asymmetry (MCA) and heterogeneity in centromere position (CVCI) were found in D.anthriscifoliumvar.majus. Diploid and tetraploid genome sizes varied by 3.02-3.92 pg and 6.04-6.60 pg, respectively. Karyotype and genome size of D.anthriscifoliumvar.savatieri, D.anthriscifoliumvar.majus, D.callichromum, and D.ecalcaratum were reported for the first time. Finally, based on cytological and morphological data, the classification of Delphiniumanthriscifolium was revised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Luo
- Forestry College, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, ChinaJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchangChina
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Nanchang 330045, ChinaJiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and UtilizationNanchangChina
| | - Tang-Jie Nie
- Forestry College, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, ChinaJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchangChina
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinaNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Heng Liu
- Forestry College, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, ChinaJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchangChina
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Nanchang 330045, ChinaJiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and UtilizationNanchangChina
| | - Xue-Fei Ding
- Forestry College, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, ChinaJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchangChina
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Nanchang 330045, ChinaJiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and UtilizationNanchangChina
| | - Ying Huang
- Forestry College, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, ChinaJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchangChina
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Nanchang 330045, ChinaJiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and UtilizationNanchangChina
| | - Chun-Ce Guo
- Forestry College, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, ChinaJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchangChina
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Nanchang 330045, ChinaJiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and UtilizationNanchangChina
| | - Wen-Gen Zhang
- Forestry College, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, ChinaJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchangChina
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Nanchang 330045, ChinaJiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and UtilizationNanchangChina
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Integration of Repeatomic and Cytogenetic Data on Satellite DNA for the Genome Analysis in the Genus Salvia (Lamiaceae). PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11172244. [PMID: 36079625 PMCID: PMC9460151 DOI: 10.3390/plants11172244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Within the complicated and controversial taxonomy of cosmopolitan genus Salvia L. (Lamiaceae) are valuable species Salvia officinalis L. and Salvia sclarea L., which are important for the pharmaceutical, ornamental horticulture, food, and perfume industries. Genome organization and chromosome structure of these essential oil species remain insufficiently studied. For the first time, the comparative repeatome analysis of S. officinalis and S. sclarea was performed using the obtained NGS data, RepeatExplorer/TAREAN pipelines and FISH-based chromosome mapping of the revealed satellite DNA families (satDNAs). In repeatomes of these species, LTR retrotransposons made up the majority of their repetitive DNA. Interspecific variations in genome abundance of Class I and Class II transposable elements, ribosomal DNA, and satellite DNA were revealed. Four (S. sclarea) and twelve (S. officinalis) putative satDNAs were identified. Based on patterns of chromosomal distribution of 45S rDNA; 5S rDNA and the revealed satDNAs, karyograms of S. officinalis and S. sclarea were constructed. Promising satDNAs which can be further used as chromosome markers to assess inter- and intraspecific chromosome variability in Salvia karyotypes were determined. The specific localization of homologous satDNA and 45S rDNA on chromosomes of the studied Salvia species confirmed their common origin, which is consistent with previously reported molecular phylogenetic data.
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