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Liu Q, Liu H, Zhang M, Lv G, Zhao Z, Chen X, Wei X, Zhang C, Li M. Multifaceted insights into the environmental adaptability of Arnebia guttata under drought stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1395046. [PMID: 38938629 PMCID: PMC11210590 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1395046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Global warming has led to increased environmental stresses on plants, notably drought. This affects plant distribution and species adaptability, with some medicinal plants showing enhanced drought tolerance and increased medicinal components. In this pioneering study, we delve into the intricate tapestry of Arnebia guttata, a medicinal plant renowned for its resilience in arid environments. By fusing a rich historical narrative with cutting-edge analytical methodologies, this research endeavors to demystify the plant's intricate response to drought stress, illuminating its profound implications for medicinal valorization. Methods The methodology includes a comprehensive textual research and resource investigation of A. guttata, regionalization studies, field sample distribution analysis, transcriptome and metabolome profiling, rhizosphere soil microbiome analysis, and drought stress experiments. Advanced computational tools like ArcGIS, MaxEnt, and various bioinformatics software were utilized for data analysis and modeling. Results The study identified significant genetic variations among A. guttata samples from different regions, correlating with environmental factors, particularly precipitation during the warmest quarter (BIO18). Metabolomic analysis revealed marked differences in metabolite profiles, including shikonin content, which is crucial for the plant's medicinal properties. Soil microbial community analysis showed variations that could impact plant metabolism and stress response. Drought stress experiments demonstrated A. guttata's resilience and its ability to modulate metabolic pathways to enhance drought tolerance. Discussion The findings underscore the complex interplay between genetic makeup, environmental factors, and microbial communities in shaping A. guttata's adaptability and medicinal value. The study provides insights into how drought stress influences the synthesis of active compounds and suggests that moderate stress could enhance the plant's medicinal properties. Predictive modeling indicates future suitable growth areas for A. guttata, aiding in resource management and conservation efforts. The research contributes to the sustainable development of medicinal resources and offers strategies for improving the cultivation of A. guttata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Central Laboratory, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Characteristic Geoherbs Resources Protection and Utilization, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Haolin Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Characteristic Geoherbs Resources Protection and Utilization, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Guoshuai Lv
- Central Laboratory, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot, China
| | - Zeyuan Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Characteristic Geoherbs Resources Protection and Utilization, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Xingyu Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xinxin Wei
- Central Laboratory, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot, China
| | - Chunhong Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Characteristic Geoherbs Resources Protection and Utilization, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
| | - Minhui Li
- Central Laboratory, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Characteristic Geoherbs Resources Protection and Utilization, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China
- College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
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Salem A, Khandaker MM, Mahmud K, Alsufyani SJ, Majrashi AA, Rashid ZM, Alenazi MM, Osman N, Badaluddin NA. Enhancing photosynthesis and root development for better fruit quality, aroma, and lessening of radioactive materials in key lime (Citrus aurantifolia) using Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus thuringiensis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 206:108295. [PMID: 38154296 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus thuringiensis alone or with gradual levels of NPK on photosynthesis, growth, fruit quality, aroma improvement and reduced radionuclides of key lime fruits. The lemon seedlings were treated with (T0) without fertilizers as control, (T1) 100g of NPK at 100%, (T2) 5 g of Trichoderma. harzianum at 50% + 50 g of NPK at 50%, (T3) 5 g of Bacillus thuringiensis at 50% + 50 g of NPK at 50 %, (T4) 7.5 g of Trichoderma harzianum at 75% + 25 g of NPK at 25 %, (T5) 7.5 g of Bacillus thuringiensis at 75% + 25 g of NPK at 25 %, (T6) 10 g of Trichoderma harzianum at 100 % and (T7)10 g of Bacillus thuringiensis at 100 %. The results showed that T2 increased net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, internal CO2 concentration, fresh and dry root biomass by 209%, 74%, 56%, 376%, 69.4% and 71.6%, while, T5 increased root volume, root length, and root tip number by 27.1%, 167%, and 67%, respectively over the control trees. The microbial treatments developed cortex, vascular cylinder and tracheal elements of the root. Fruit number, length, diameter, weight, pulp thickness, pulp/peel ratio, juice, total soluble solids (TSS), pigment contents and antioxidant activity increased significantly in the T2 treatment. Vitamin C, total phenols, total flavonoids, and total sugar content increased by 1.59-, 1.66-, 1.44- and 2.07- fold in T5 treated fruits compared to the control. The two microbes increased volatile compounds and decreased radionucleotides in the fruit, moreover, 27 identified and 2 (two) unmatched volatile compounds were identified by GCMS analysis. It is concluded that T. harzianum and B. thuringiensis with 25-50 g NPK treatments improved photosynthesis, root structure, fruit growth, fruit quality, aroma and lessened radionuclides in key lime fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelmoaty Salem
- School of Agriculture Science & Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, 22200 Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Moneruzzaman Khandaker
- School of Agriculture Science & Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, 22200 Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia.
| | - Khairil Mahmud
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43000 Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia; Biodiversity Unit, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43000 Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sultan J Alsufyani
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Taif University, P.O.Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Abdullah Majrashi
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zalilawati Mat Rashid
- School of Food Industry, Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, 22200, Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Mekhled Mutiran Alenazi
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Normaniza Osman
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noor Afiza Badaluddin
- School of Agriculture Science & Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, 22200 Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia
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