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Cui Q, Beiyuan J, Chen Y, Li M, Qiu T, Zhao S, Zhu X, Chen H, Fang L. Synergistic enhancement of plant growth and cadmium stress defense by Azospirillum brasilense and plant heme: Modulating the growth-defense relationship. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:174503. [PMID: 38971246 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) play important roles in plant growth and defense under heavy metal (HM) stress. The direct integration of microbial and plant signals is key to the regulation of plant growth and HM stress defense, but the underlying mechanisms are still limited. Herein, we reveal a novel mechanism by which PGPR regulates plant growth-regulating substances in plant tissues and coordinates plant growth and defense in pak choi under cadmium (Cd) stress. This might be an efficient strategy and an extension of the mechanism by which plant-microbe interactions improve plant stress resistance. Azospirillum brasilense and heme synergistically reduced the shoot Cd content and promoted the growth of pak choi. The interaction between abscisic acid of microbial origin and heme improved Cd stress tolerance through enhancing Cd accumulation in the root cell wall. The interaction between A. brasilense and heme induced the growth-defense shift in plants under Cd stress. Plants sacrifice growth to enhance Cd stress defense, which then transforms into a dual promotion of both growth and defense. This study deepens our understanding of plant-microbe interactions and provides a novel strategy to improve plant growth and defense under HM stress, ensuring future food production and security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingliang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, The Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, CAS and MOE, Yangling 712100, China; State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, CAS and MWR, Yangling 712100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingzi Beiyuan
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Yinglong Chen
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture & School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
| | - Mengdi Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Tianyi Qiu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Shuling Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, The Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, CAS and MOE, Yangling 712100, China; State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, CAS and MWR, Yangling 712100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaozhen Zhu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Hansong Chen
- College of Xingzhi, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321000, China
| | - Linchuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, The Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, CAS and MOE, Yangling 712100, China; State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, CAS and MWR, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Non-metallic Mineral Resources, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Meng F, Feng N, Zheng D, Liu M, Zhou H, Zhang R, Huang X, Huang A. Exogenous Hemin enhances the antioxidant defense system of rice by regulating the AsA-GSH cycle under NaCl stress. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17219. [PMID: 38650645 PMCID: PMC11034499 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Abiotic stress caused by soil salinization remains a major global challenge that threatens and severely impacts crop growth, causing yield reduction worldwide. In this study, we aim to investigate the damage of salt stress on the leaf physiology of two varieties of rice (Huanghuazhan, HHZ, and Xiangliangyou900, XLY900) and the regulatory mechanism of Hemin to maintain seedling growth under the imposed stress. Rice leaves were sprayed with 5.0 μmol·L-1 Hemin or 25.0 μmol·L-1 ZnPP (Zinc protoporphyrin IX) at the three leaf and one heart stage, followed by an imposed salt stress treatment regime (50.0 mmol·L-1 sodium chloride (NaCl)). The findings revealed that NaCl stress increased antioxidant enzymes activities and decreased the content of nonenzymatic antioxidants such as ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione (GSH). Furthermore, the content of osmoregulatory substances like soluble proteins and proline was raised. Moreover, salt stress increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) content in the leaves of the two varieties. However, spraying with Hemin increased the activities of antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) and accelerated AsA-GSH cycling to remove excess ROS. In summary, Hemin reduced the effect of salt stress on the physiological characteristics of rice leaves due to improved antioxidant defense mechanisms that impeded lipid peroxidation. Thus, Hemin was demonstrated to lessen the damage caused by salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyan Meng
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- South China Center of National Saline-tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Cente, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Naijie Feng
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- South China Center of National Saline-tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Cente, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Dianfeng Zheng
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- South China Center of National Saline-tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Cente, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Meiling Liu
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- South China Center of National Saline-tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Cente, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Hang Zhou
- South China Center of National Saline-tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Cente, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Rongjun Zhang
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- South China Center of National Saline-tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Cente, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - XiXin Huang
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- South China Center of National Saline-tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Cente, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Anqi Huang
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
- South China Center of National Saline-tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Cente, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
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Feng L, Wei L, Liu Y, Ren J, Liao W. Carbon monoxide/heme oxygenase system in plant: Roles in abiotic stress response and crosstalk with other signals molecules. Nitric Oxide 2023; 138-139:51-63. [PMID: 37364740 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) has been recognized as a crucial gasotransmitter mainly produced by heme oxygenase (HO)-catalyzed heme degradation in plant. Recent studies have shown that CO plays an important role in regulating growth and development of plant, as well as and responding to a variety of abiotic stresses. Meanwhile, many studies have reported on CO working in combination with other signal molecules to mitigate abiotic stress. Here, we presented a comprehensive overview of recent developments in which CO reduces plant damage caused by abiotic stresses. The regulation of antioxidant system, photosynthetic system, ion balance and transport are the main mechanisms of CO-alleviated abiotic stress. We also proposed and discussed the relationship between CO and other signal molecules, including nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), hydrogen gas (H2), abscisic acid (ABA), indole 3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellin (GA), cytokine (CTK), salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and calcium ion (Ca2+). Furthermore, the important role of HO genes in alleviating abiotic stress was also discussed. We proposed promising and new research directions for the study of plant CO, which can provide further insights on the role of CO in plant growth and development under abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Feng
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, 1 Yinmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Lijuan Wei
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, 1 Yinmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yayu Liu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, 1 Yinmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Jiaxuan Ren
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, 1 Yinmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Weibiao Liao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, 1 Yinmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
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Zheng X, Zhang B, Pan N, Cheng X, Lu W. Hydrogen Sulfide Alleviates Cadmium Stress by Enhancing Photosynthetic Efficiency and Regulating Sugar Metabolism in Wheat Seedlings. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2413. [PMID: 37446974 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays prominent multifunctional roles in the mediation of various physiological processes and stress responses to plants. In this study, hydroponic experiments were carried out to explore the effects of NaHS pretreatment on the growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under 50 μM cadmium (Cd). Compared with Cd treatment alone, 50 μM NaHS pretreatment increased the plant height, soluble sugar content of shoots and roots, and dry weight of shoots and roots under Cd stress, while the Cd concentration of shoots and roots was significantly reduced by 18.1% and 25.9%, respectively. Meanwhile, NaHS pretreatment protected the photosynthetic apparatus by increasing the net photosynthetic rate and PSII electron transportation rate of wheat leaves under Cd stress. NaHS pretreatment significantly increased the soluble sugar content to maintain the osmotic pressure balance of the leaf cells. The gene expression results associated with photosynthetic carbon assimilation and sucrose synthesis in wheat leaves suggested that the NaHS pretreatment significantly up-regulated the expression of TaRBCL, TaRBCS, and TaPRK, while it down-regulated the expression of TaFBA, TaSuSy, TaSAInv, and TaA/NInv. In summary, NaHS pretreatment improved the resistance of wheat seedlings under Cd stress by increasing the rate of photosynthesis and regulating the expression of genes related to sugar metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Ni Pan
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xue Cheng
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wei Lu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Cuypers A, Vanbuel I, Iven V, Kunnen K, Vandionant S, Huybrechts M, Hendrix S. Cadmium-induced oxidative stress responses and acclimation in plants require fine-tuning of redox biology at subcellular level. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 199:81-96. [PMID: 36775109 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic compounds released into our environment and is harmful to human health, urging the need to remediate Cd-polluted soils. To this end, it is important to increase our insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying Cd stress responses in plants, ultimately leading to acclimation, and to develop novel strategies for economic validation of these soils. Albeit its non-redox-active nature, Cd causes a cellular oxidative challenge, which is a crucial determinant in the onset of diverse signalling cascades required for long-term acclimation and survival of Cd-exposed plants. Although it is well known that Cd affects reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and scavenging, the contribution of individual organelles to Cd-induced oxidative stress responses is less well studied. Here, we provide an overview of the current information on Cd-induced organellar responses with special attention to redox biology. We propose that an integration of organellar ROS signals with other signalling pathways is essential to finetune plant acclimation to Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Cuypers
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Isabeau Vanbuel
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Verena Iven
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Kris Kunnen
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Vandionant
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Michiel Huybrechts
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Sophie Hendrix
- Environmental Biology, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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Li Y, Cheng X, Feng C, Huang X. Interaction of Lead and Cadmium Reduced Cadmium Toxicity in Ficus parvifolia Seedlings. TOXICS 2023; 11:toxics11030271. [PMID: 36977036 PMCID: PMC10054560 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11030271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) pollution occurs widely in soils due to various anthropogenic activities. Lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) coexist in soil frequently, threatening plant growth. To explore the interaction effect between Pb and Cd in Ficus parvifolia and the response of plant physiological characteristics to Pb and Cd stress, we designed a soil culture experiment. The experiment demonstrated that Pb stress improved leaf photosynthesis ability, while Cd stress inhibited it. Furthermore, Pb or Cd stress increased malonaldehyde (MDA) content, but plants were able to reduce it by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities. The presence of Pb could alleviate Cd phytotoxicity in plants by inhibiting Cd uptake and accumulation as well as increasing leaf photosynthesis and antioxidant ability. Pearson correlation analysis illustrated that the variability of Cd uptake and accumulation between Pb and Cd stress was related to plant biomass and antioxidant enzyme activities. This research will offer a new perspective on alleviating Cd phytotoxicity in plants.
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Meng F, Feng N, Zheng D, Liu M, Zhang R, Huang X, Huang A, Chen Z. Exogenous Hemin alleviates NaCl stress by promoting photosynthesis and carbon metabolism in rice seedlings. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3497. [PMID: 36859499 PMCID: PMC9977858 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30619-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
It is widely known that salt stress restricts rice growth and productivity severely. However, little information is available regarding the stage of rice seedlings subjected to the Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) inducer, Hemin. This study aimed to investigate the effects of salt stress on two rice varieties (Huanghuazhan and Xiangliangyou 900) and the effect of Hemin in promoting photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, and key enzymes under salt-stress conditions. At the stage of three leaves and one heart, Huanghuazhan (HHZ) and Xiangliangyou 900 (XLY900) were sprayed with 5 μmol·L-1 Hemin and then subjected to 50 mM NaCl stress. The results showed that NaCl stress decreased the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids. Furthermore, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) decreased remarkably and the starch content was also lowered. However, NaCl treatment enhanced the concentration of sucrose and soluble sugar, simultaneously enhancing the sucrose metabolism. Nevertheless, the foliar spraying of exogenous Hemin mediated the increase in fructose and starch content, along with the activities of key enzymes' soluble acid invertase (SAInv), basic/neutral invertase (A/N-Inv), and sucrose synthase (SS) in rice leaves under NaCl stress. The sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) in leaves decreased significantly, and the fructose accumulation in leaves increased. Hemin also mediated the increase of starch content and the α-amylase, total amylase, and starch phosphorylase (SP) activities under NaCl stress. Under stress conditions, the application of the Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) inhibitor, ZnPP failed to alleviate the damage to rice seedlings by NaCl stress. The ZnPP treatment showed similar tendency to the NaCl treatment on pigment content, gas exchange parameters and carbon metabolism related products and enzymes. However, ZnPP decreased carotenoids, fructose, starch content and enzyme activities related to starch metabolism. The regulation effect of Hemin on HuangHuaZhan was better than XiangLiangYou 900. These results indicate that Hemin improved the effects of salt stress on the photosynthesis and physiological characteristics of rice leaves as a result of enhanced carbohydrate metabolism. Thus, Hemin could alleviate the damage caused by salt stress to a certain extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyan Meng
- grid.411846.e0000 0001 0685 868XCollege of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524008 China ,National Saline-tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, South China, Zhanjiang, 524008 China
| | - Naijie Feng
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524008, China. .,National Saline-tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, South China, Zhanjiang, 524008, China. .,Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518108, China.
| | - Dianfeng Zheng
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524008, China. .,National Saline-tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, South China, Zhanjiang, 524008, China. .,Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518108, China.
| | - Meiling Liu
- grid.411846.e0000 0001 0685 868XCollege of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524008 China ,National Saline-tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, South China, Zhanjiang, 524008 China
| | - Rongjun Zhang
- grid.411846.e0000 0001 0685 868XCollege of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524008 China ,National Saline-tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, South China, Zhanjiang, 524008 China
| | - Xixin Huang
- grid.411846.e0000 0001 0685 868XCollege of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524008 China ,National Saline-tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, South China, Zhanjiang, 524008 China
| | - Anqi Huang
- grid.411846.e0000 0001 0685 868XCollege of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524008 China ,National Saline-tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, South China, Zhanjiang, 524008 China
| | - Ziming Chen
- grid.411846.e0000 0001 0685 868XCollege of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524008 China
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