Color difference threshold of chromostereopsis induced by flat display emission

Effect of chromatic contrast on stereoacuity measurement with computer-aided three-dimensional technology

Background

Various measurement tools are utilized to detect the stereopsis threshold in the clinic, but seldom of these involves chromatic information. Incorporating colorful elements into computer-aided, three-dimensional (3D) evaluation systems could help the tests appear more vivid and attractive. The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of different chromatic pair stereo targets on the stereoacuity result.

Methods

A total of 17 subjects with visual acuity in each eye of at least 0 logarithmic minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) and a stereoacuity of at least 32 second of arc (arcsec) were recruited. A 3D laptop with liquid crystal shutter glasses was used for evaluating stereoacuity. Thirteen pages were set including seven maximum color contrast pages and six isoluminant color contrast pages.

Results

In maximum color contrast pair, no significant difference was found among all seven experiments [six test groups and one reference group, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, F=0.995, P=0.493]. There was also no significant difference among the isoluminant color contrast pairs (six test groups, one-way ANOVA test, F=0.873, P=0.644). Paired t-test was used for comparing the data between the same hue series in the maximum color contrast pair vs. the isoluminant color contrast pair, and significant differences were found in all six pairs (P<0.001).

Conclusions

Adding chromatic factors to the stereo test is practical to evaluate stereopsis.

Depth perception in patients with congenital color vision deficiency

PURPOSE

To assess the effect of type and severity of congenital color vision deficiency (CCVD) on depth perception.

METHODS

Thirty-one male patients with a known diagnosis of CCVD were included in the study group and 31 age-matched healthy subjects in the control group. After standard ophthalmological examination including best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) testing with Snellen chart, slit-lamp examination, non-contact tonometry, and fundus examination, all patients underwent color perception testing with Hardy-Rand-Rittler (HRR) 4th edition pseudoisochromatic test plates and stereoacuity testing with Titmus stereo test plates.

RESULTS

Of the 31 patients with CCVD, 7 were protanope and 24 were deuteranope. Mean stereoacuity was 46.77 ± 11.3, 105.7 ± 69.0, and 134.1 ± 115.2 in the control, protanope, and deuteranope groups, respectively. Stereoacuity was significantly better in the control group than in the protanope and deuteranope groups (p = 0.039, p < 0.001 respectively). No significant difference was observed between protanopes and deuteranopes regarding stereoacuity (p = 0.73). Mean BCVA was -0.01 ± 0.03, -0.02 ± 0.07, and -0.10 ± 0.11 in the control, protanope, and deuteranope groups, respectively. Mean BCVA in deuteranopes was significantly better than the control group (p = 0.004), while mean BCVA in deuteranopes and protanopes did not differ significantly (p = 0.056). No significant difference was observed between the control group and protanopes regarding visual acuity (p = 0.921).

CONCLUSIONS

Our study showed that color vision had an important effect on depth perception and CCVD may cause decreased stereoacuity.