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Çakar T, Son-Turan S, Girişken Y, Sayar A, Ertuğrul S, Filiz G, Tuna E. Unlocking the neural mechanisms of consumer loan evaluations: an fNIRS and ML-based consumer neuroscience study. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1286918. [PMID: 38375365 PMCID: PMC10875049 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1286918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study conducts a comprehensive exploration of the neurocognitive processes underlying consumer credit decision-making using cutting-edge techniques from neuroscience and machine learning (ML). Employing functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS), the research examines the hemodynamic responses of participants while evaluating diverse credit offers. Methods The experimental phase of this study investigates the hemodynamic responses collected from 39 healthy participants with respect to different loan offers. This study integrates fNIRS data with advanced ML algorithms, specifically Extreme Gradient Boosting, CatBoost, Extra Tree Classifier, and Light Gradient Boosted Machine, to predict participants' credit decisions based on prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation patterns. Results Findings reveal distinctive PFC regions correlating with credit behaviors, including the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) associated with strategic decision-making, the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) linked to emotional valuations, and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) reflecting brand integration and reward processing. Notably, the right dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) and the right vmPFC contribute to positive credit preferences. Discussion This interdisciplinary approach bridges neuroscience, machine learning and finance, offering unprecedented insights into the neural mechanisms guiding financial choices regarding different loan offers. The study's predictive model holds promise for refining financial services and illuminating human financial behavior within the burgeoning field of neurofinance. The work exemplifies the potential of interdisciplinary research to enhance our understanding of human financial decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuna Çakar
- Department of Computer Engineering, MEF University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Semen Son-Turan
- Department of Business Administration, MEF University, Maslak, Türkiye
| | - Yener Girişken
- Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Final International University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Alperen Sayar
- Informatics Technologies Master Program, MEF University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Seyit Ertuğrul
- Informatics Technologies Master Program, MEF University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Gözde Filiz
- Computer Science and Engineering Ph.D. Program, MEF University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Esin Tuna
- Department of Psychology, MEF University, Istanbul, Türkiye
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2
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Lin Y, Feng T. Lateralization of self-control over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in decision-making: a systematic review and meta-analytic evidence from noninvasive brain stimulation. COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2024; 24:19-41. [PMID: 38212486 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-023-01148-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) has been widely recognized as a crucial brain "control area." Recently, its causal role in promoting deliberate decision-making through self-control and the asymmetric performance of the left and right DLPFC in control functions have attracted the interest of many researchers. This study was designed to investigate the role of DLPFC in decision-making behaviors and lateralization of its control function by systematically examining the effects of noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) over the DLPFC on intertemporal choice, risk decision-making, and social fairness-related decision-making tasks. Literature searches were implemented at PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, Wanfang Data, China Science and Technology Journal Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure until May 10, 2022. Meta-analytic results for included studies were estimated by random-effect models. A total of 33 eligible studies were identified, yielding 130 effect sizes. Our results indicated that compared to sham group, excitatory NIBS over the left DLPFC reduced delay discounting rate (standardized mean differences, SMD = -0.51; 95% confidence interval, 95% CI: [-0.81, -0.21]) and risk-taking performance (SMD = -0.39, 95% CI [-0.68, -0.10]), and inhibitory NIBS over the right DLPFC increased self-interested choice of unfair offers (SMD = 0.50, 95% CI [0.04, 0.97]). Finding of current work indicated that neural excitement of the DLPFC activation improve individuals' self-control during decision-makings, whereas neural inhibition results in impaired control. In addition, our analyses furnish causal evidence for the presence of functional lateralization in the left and right DLPFC in monetary impulsive decision-making and social decision-making, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongle Lin
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingyong Feng
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China.
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3
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Panidi K, Vorobiova AN, Feurra M, Klucharev V. Posterior parietal cortex is causally involved in reward valuation but not in probability weighting during risky choice. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhad446. [PMID: 38011084 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study provides evidence that the posterior parietal cortex is causally involved in risky decision making via the processing of reward values but not reward probabilities. In the within-group experimental design, participants performed a binary lottery choice task following transcranial magnetic stimulation of the right posterior parietal cortex, left posterior parietal cortex, and a right posterior parietal cortex sham (placebo) stimulation. The continuous theta-burst stimulation protocol supposedly downregulating the cortical excitability was used. Both, mean-variance and the prospect theory approach to risky choice showed that the posterior parietal cortex stimulation shifted participants toward greater risk aversion compared with sham. On the behavioral level, after the posterior parietal cortex stimulation, the likelihood of choosing a safer option became more sensitive to the difference in standard deviations between lotteries, compared with sham, indicating greater risk avoidance within the mean-variance framework. We also estimated the shift in prospect theory parameters of risk preferences after posterior parietal cortex stimulation. The hierarchical Bayesian approach showed moderate evidence for a credible change in risk aversion parameter toward lower marginal reward value (and, hence, lower risk tolerance), while no credible change in probability weighting was observed. In addition, we observed anecdotal evidence for a credible increase in the consistency of responses after the left posterior parietal cortex stimulation compared with sham.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia Panidi
- Centre for Cognition and Decision Making, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, HSE University, ul. Myasnitskaya 20, Moscow 101000, Russian Federation
| | - Alicia N Vorobiova
- Centre for Cognition and Decision Making, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, HSE University, ul. Myasnitskaya 20, Moscow 101000, Russian Federation
| | - Matteo Feurra
- Centre for Cognition and Decision Making, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, HSE University, ul. Myasnitskaya 20, Moscow 101000, Russian Federation
| | - Vasily Klucharev
- Centre for Cognition and Decision Making, Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, HSE University, ul. Myasnitskaya 20, Moscow 101000, Russian Federation
- Graduate School of Business, HSE University, ul. Shabolovka, 26, Moscow 119049, Russian Federation
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4
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Labutina N, Polyakov S, Nemtyreva L, Shuldishova A, Gizatullina O. Neural Correlates of Social Decision-Making. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2024; 19:148-154. [PMID: 38420275 PMCID: PMC10896758 DOI: 10.18502/ijps.v19i1.14350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Objective: Recent studies have utilized innovative techniques to investigate the neural mechanisms underlying social and individual decision-making, aiming to understand how individuals respond to the world. Method : In this review, we summarized current scientific evidence concerning the neural underpinnings of social decision-making and their impact on social behavior. Results: Critical brain regions involved in social cognition and decision-making are integral to the process of social decision-making. Notably, the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and temporoparietal junction (TPJ) contribute to the comprehension of others' mental states. Similarly, the posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) shows heightened activity when individuals observe faces and movements. On the lateral surface of the brain, the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and inferior parietal sulcus (IPS) play a role in social cognition. Furthermore, the medial surface of the brain, including the amygdala, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and anterior insula (AI), also participates in social cognition processes. Regarding decision-making, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have illuminated the involvement of a network of brain regions, encompassing the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), ventral striatum (VS), and nucleus accumbens (NAcc). Conclusion: Dysfunction in specific subregions of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) has been linked to various psychiatric conditions. These subregions play pivotal roles in cognitive, emotional, and social processing, and their impairment can contribute to the development and manifestation of psychiatric symptoms. A comprehensive understanding of the unique contributions of these PFC subregions to psychiatric disorders has the potential to inform the development of targeted interventions and treatments for affected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alina Shuldishova
- Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Gizatullina
- Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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Stanković M, Bjekić J, Filipović SR. Effects of Transcranial Electrical Stimulation on Gambling and Gaming: A Systematic Review of Studies on Healthy Controls, Participants with Gambling/Gaming Disorder, and Substance Use Disorder. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12103407. [PMID: 37240512 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12103407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Gambling disorder (GD) and internet gaming disorder (IGD) are formally recognized behavioral addictions with a rapidly growing prevalence and limited treatment options. Recently, transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) techniques have emerged as potentially promising interventions for improving treatment outcomes by ameliorating cognitive functions implicated in addictive behaviors. To systematize the current state of evidence and better understand whether and how tES can influence gambling and gaming-related cognitive processes, we conducted a PRISMA-guided systematic review of the literature, focusing on tES effects on gaming and gambling in a diverse range of population samples, including healthy participants, participants with GD and IGD, as well as participants with substance abuse addictions. Following the literature search in three bibliographic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus), 40 publications were included in this review, with 26 conducted on healthy participants, 6 focusing on GD and IGD patients, and 8 including participants with other addictions. Most of the studies targeted the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), and assessed the effects on cognition, using gaming and gambling computerized cognitive tasks measuring risk taking and decision making, e.g., balloon analogue risk task, Iowa gambling task, Cambridge gambling task, etc. The results indicated that tES could change gambling and gaming task performances and positively influence GD and IGD symptoms, with 70% of studies showing neuromodulatory effects. However, the results varied considerably depending on the stimulation parameters, sample characteristics, as well as outcome measures used. We discuss the sources of this variability and provide further directions for the use of tES in the context of GD and IGD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Stanković
- Human Neuroscience Group, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovana Bjekić
- Human Neuroscience Group, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Saša R Filipović
- Human Neuroscience Group, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Hu Y, Lu X, Zheng W, Wang L, Yu P. The Neurobase of ambiguity loss aversion about decision making. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1055640. [PMID: 36777223 PMCID: PMC9908603 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1055640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In our daily decision-making, there are two confusing problems: risk and ambiguity. Many psychological studies and neuroscience studies have shown that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is an important neural mechanism for modulating the human brain in risk and ambiguity decision-making, especially the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). We used transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to reveal the causal relationship between the DLPFC and ambiguity decision-making. We design two experimental tasks involving ambiguity to gain and ambiguity to loss. The results of our study show that there is a significant effect on left DLPFC stimulation about ambiguity to loss, there is an insignificant effect on left DLPFC stimulation about ambiguity to gain, and there is an insignificant effect on right DLPFC stimulation about ambiguity to gain and ambiguity to loss. This result indicates that people are more sensitive to ambiguity loss than ambiguity gain. Further analysis found that the degree of participants' attitudes toward ambiguity loss who received anodal simulation was lower than that who received sham stimulation across the left DLPFC, which means that the subjects had a strong ambiguity loss aversion after the participants received the anodal simulation of the left DLPFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqin Hu
- School of Economics, Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics, Hangzhou, China,Center for Economic Behavior and Decision-Making (CEBD), Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinbo Lu
- Center for Economic Behavior and Decision-Making (CEBD), Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics, Hangzhou, China,School of Economics, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Wanjun Zheng
- School of Economics, Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics, Hangzhou, China,Center for Economic Behavior and Decision-Making (CEBD), Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luting Wang
- School of Economics, Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics, Hangzhou, China,Center for Economic Behavior and Decision-Making (CEBD), Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Yu
- School of Economics, Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics, Hangzhou, China,Center for Economic Behavior and Decision-Making (CEBD), Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics, Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Ping Yu, ✉
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7
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Şandor S, Yağcı Kurdish S, Delil Ş, Türk BG, Yeni SN. The comparison of decision-making in ambiguous situations and galvanic skin responses as somatic markers in patients with posterior cortex epilepsy and mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2022; 44:743-754. [PMID: 36864732 DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2022.2164256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Decision-making behaviors of patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) is a subject that has been studied frequently. However, determining the neuropsychological profiles of patients with different types of epilepsy is also important. Our main purpose was to examine the decision-making behaviors of patients with posterior cortex epilepsy (PCE) through the assumptions of somatic marker hypothesis (SMH) and to compare their performances with those of a MTLE group and a control group. METHOD Participants comprised of 13 patients with PCE (mean age 30.92 ± 9.99 years); 14 patients with MTLE with hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE-HS) (mean age 25.53 ± 7.40 years) and 15 controls (mean age 24.60 ± 8.45 years). Decision-making performances were assessed with the Iowa gambling test (IGT) and anticipatory skin responses before each choice were recorded. A comprehensive neuropsychological test battery was also given to all participants in order to examine the relationship of decision-making with other cognitive functions. RESULTS Anticipatory responses before choosing from disadvantageous decks were significantly larger than choosing from advantageous decks in the PCE group (p = 0.00). No significant difference was found between the PCE and control group's total net scores. IGT total net scores was significantly correlated with Stroop test interference time (p = 0.03). CONCLUSION The study reveals that cognitive impairments of patients with PCE are not limited to brain's posterior areas' functions, and provides evidence for the current paradigm which understands epilepsy as a network disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serra Şandor
- Department of Psychology, İstanbul Medeniyet University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Selin Yağcı Kurdish
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Şakir Delil
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bengi Gül Türk
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seher Naz Yeni
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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8
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Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex plays causal role in probability weighting during risky choice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16115. [PMID: 36167703 PMCID: PMC9515118 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18529-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we provide causal evidence that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) supports the computation of subjective value in choices under risk via its involvement in probability weighting. Following offline continuous theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation (cTBS) of the DLPFC subjects (N = 30, mean age 23.6, 56% females) completed a computerized task consisting of 96 binary lottery choice questions presented in random order. Using the hierarchical Bayesian modeling approach, we then estimated the structural parameters of risk preferences (the degree of risk aversion and the curvature of the probability weighting function) and analyzed the obtained posterior distributions to determine the effect of stimulation on model parameters. On a behavioral level, temporary downregulation of the left DLPFC excitability through cTBS decreased the likelihood of choosing an option with higher expected reward while the probability of choosing a riskier lottery did not significantly change. Modeling the stimulation effects on risk preference parameters showed anecdotal evidence as assessed by Bayes factors that probability weighting parameter increased after the left DLPFC TMS compared to sham.
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9
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Wang J, Li J. High-Definition Transcranial Stimulation over the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Alters the Sunk Cost Effect: A Mental Accounting Framework. J Neurosci 2022; 42:6770-6781. [PMID: 35853719 PMCID: PMC9436013 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0127-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The sunk cost effect refers to the fact that human decisions are consistently influenced by previous irrecoverable and irrelevant costs. Recent neuroimaging experiments suggest that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) plays a pivotal role in the sunk cost effect yet the causal and neurocomputational role of the dlPFC remains elusive. In this study, two cohorts of healthy human male and female adults were recruited to complete a novel two-step decision-making task during the anodal-sham or cathodal-sham high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) over the dlPFC, respectively. Consistent with previous studies, we showed that the sunk cost deterred participants from making further investment and therefore engendered a de-escalation effect. Such behavior can be captured by a weighted mental accounting model with a recalibrated reference point in which the direction and magnitude of the sunk cost effects hinge on the decision weights apportioned to the option values. Interestingly, transcranial stimulation did not influence participants' initial willingness to incur sunk costs but only altered sunk costs' downstream effects. Specifically, anodal stimulation over the right dlPFC amplified the de-escalation effect of sunk costs whereas cathodal stimulation yielded the opposite result. HD-tDCS also changed the decision weights of the mental accounting model, providing a causal and computational link between PFC and sunk cost effects.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Traditional economic theory assumes that decisions only concern the marginal costs and benefits yet human choices are notoriously susceptible to previously-incurred costs (termed the sunk cost effect). In the current study, we showed that direct current stimulation (DCS) of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) altered sunk cost effects in participants' subsequent choices. Such effects can be captured by a mental accounting model where transcranial stimulation modulates the decision weights assigned to different options in the value integration process. These findings help elucidate the computational and causal role of the dlPFC in the context of sunk costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiashu Wang
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jian Li
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China,
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Yamamoto S, Ishii D, Ishibashi K, Kohno Y. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Modulates Cognitive Function Related to Motor Execution During Sequential Task: A Randomized Control Study. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:890963. [PMID: 35774483 PMCID: PMC9237401 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.890963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In daily life, we perform a variety of sequential tasks while making cognitive decisions to achieve behavioral goals. If transcranial direct current electrical stimulation (tDCS) can be used to modulate cognitive functions involved in motor execution, it may provide a new rehabilitation method. In the present study, we constructed a new task in which cognitive decisions are reflected in motor actions and investigated whether the performance of the task can be improved by tDCS of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Forty healthy participants were randomly assigned to a real or sham tDCS group. The anode electrode was placed at F3 (left DLPFC), and the cathode electrode was positioned in the contralateral supraorbital area. Participants underwent one session of tDCS (1.5 mA, 20 min) and a sequential non-dominant hand task was performed for nine trials before and after tDCS. The task consisted of S1 (a manual dexterity task) and S2 (a manual dexterity task requiring a decision). The results showed the S2 trajectory length was significantly shorter after real tDCS than after sham tDCS (p = 0.017), though the S1 trajectory length was not significant. These results suggest that a single tDCS session of the left DLPFC can improve the performance of cognitive tasks complementary to motor execution, but not on dexterity tasks. By elucidating the modulating effect of tDCS on cognitive functions related to motor execution, these results may be used to improve the performance of rehabilitation patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Yamamoto
- Department of Physical Therapy, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ami, Japan
- *Correspondence: Satoshi Yamamoto
| | - Daisuke Ishii
- Center for Medical Sciences, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ami, Japan
- Department of Cognitive Behavioral Physiology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kiyoshige Ishibashi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences Hospital, Ami, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kohno
- Center for Medical Sciences, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ami, Japan
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Bell SB, Turner B, Sawaki L, DeWall N. When brain stimulation backfires: the effects of prefrontal cortex stimulation on impulsivity. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2022; 17:101-108. [PMID: 32342101 PMCID: PMC8824560 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsaa049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can sometimes cause the opposite of its intended effect. These reverse effects may be related in part to individual differences in personality and neurochemistry. Previous studies have demonstrated that dopamine levels can impact the effects of tDCS. In the present study, 124 healthy participants took the UPPS impulsive behavior scale. Participants then underwent a single, randomized anodal or sham tDCS session on the prefrontal cortex. While the effects of tDCS were still active, they performed the Stop Signal Task, a measure of state impulsivity. tDCS was associated with increased errors on this task in people who had higher scores on the UPPS in two facets of impulsivity that correlate with dopamine levels. tDCS had no effects on people who are low in trait impulsivity. These results suggest that the reverse effects of tDCS could be associated with inter-individual differences in personality and neurochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Beth Bell
- School of Community Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Tulsa, OK 74135, USA
| | - Brian Turner
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Lumy Sawaki
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Nathan DeWall
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
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Wanniarachchi H, Lang Y, Wang X, Pruitt T, Nerur S, Chen KY, Liu H. Alterations of Cerebral Hemodynamics and Network Properties Induced by Newsvendor Problem in the Human Prefrontal Cortex. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 14:598502. [PMID: 33519401 PMCID: PMC7843457 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.598502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
While many publications have reported brain hemodynamic responses to decision-making under various conditions of risk, no inventory management scenarios, such as the newsvendor problem (NP), have been investigated in conjunction with neuroimaging. In this study, we hypothesized (I) that NP stimulates the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) joined with frontal polar area (FPA) significantly in the human brain, and (II) that local brain network properties are increased when a person transits from rest to the NP decision-making phase. A 77-channel functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) system with wide field-of-view (FOV) was employed to measure frontal cerebral hemodynamics in response to NP in 27 healthy human subjects. NP-induced changes in oxy-hemoglobin concentration, Δ[HbO], were investigated using a general linear model (GLM) and graph theory analysis (GTA). Significant activation induced by NP was shown in both DLPFC and OFC+FPA across all subjects. Specifically, higher risk NP with low-profit margins (LM) activated left-DLPFC but deactivated right-DLPFC in 14 subjects, while lower risk NP with high-profit margins (HM) stimulated both DLPFC and OFC+FPA in 13 subjects. The local efficiency, clustering coefficient, and path length of the network metrics were significantly enhanced under NP decision making. In summary, multi-channel fNIRS enabled us to identify DLPFC and OFC+FPA as key cortical regions of brain activations when subjects were making inventory-management risk decisions. We demonstrated that challenging NP resulted in the deactivation within right-DLPFC due to higher levels of stress. Also, local brain network properties were increased when a person transitioned from the rest phase to the NP decision-making phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hashini Wanniarachchi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Yan Lang
- Department of Information Systems and Operations Management, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Xinlong Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Tyrell Pruitt
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Sridhar Nerur
- Department of Information Systems and Operations Management, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Kay-Yut Chen
- Department of Information Systems and Operations Management, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Hanli Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
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13
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Khaleghi A, Pirzad Jahromi G, Zarafshan H, Mostafavi SA, Mohammadi MR. Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation of prefrontal cortex on risk-taking behavior. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2020; 74:455-465. [PMID: 32415800 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
AIM Recent cognitive neuroscience research shows that noninvasive brain stimulation can modify a wide range of behaviors in healthy people. Such regulation effects on human behaviors provide new insights into the neurobiology of cognitive processes and establish causal brain-behavior relations. Here, we aimed to examine the effects of transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) of the prefrontal cortex on risk-taking. METHODS We performed a systematic search on the PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases with appropriate keywords for original studies reporting the use of TES to modulate risk-taking behavior in healthy individuals. Then, in the meta-analysis phase, a random-effects model was used to measure the pooled effect size (ES). RESULTS Twenty articles were evaluated as eligible studies, including 16 articles on transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), two on transcranial alternating current stimulation, one on transcranial pulsed current stimulation, and one on high-definition tDCS. A meta-analysis showed a pooled estimated standardized ES of -0.20 (95% confidence interval [CI], -0.39 to -0.01), which indicates a small ES for active tDCS over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in comparison to sham stimulation (z = 2.31, P = 0.03) in terms of less risky behaviors. Subgroup analysis showed that there is no significant ES for bilateral DLPFC stimulation (d = -0.01; 95%CI, -0.28 to 0.26), but a significant near-medium ES for unilateral DLPFC stimulation (d = -0.41; 95%CI, -0.71 to -0.10). CONCLUSION Our findings support a significant impact of neuroregulation of the DLPFC on risk-taking behavior in healthy individuals. Unilateral noninvasive electrical stimulation of the DLPFC can result in a conservative risk-averse response style, probably through modulating plasticity of the relevant brain networks, including cortical and subcortical structures, as well as increasing subcortical dopaminergic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Khaleghi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gila Pirzad Jahromi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Zarafshan
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed-Ali Mostafavi
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Mohammadi
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Ota K, Shinya M, Kudo K. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Over Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Modulates Risk-Attitude in Motor Decision-Making. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 13:297. [PMID: 31551733 PMCID: PMC6743341 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans often face situations requiring a decision about where to throw an object or when to respond to a stimulus under risk. Several behavioral studies have shown that such motor decisions can be suboptimal, which results from a cognitive bias toward risk-seeking behavior. However, brain regions involved in risk-attitude of motor decision-making remain unclear. Here, we investigated the role of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in risky motor decisions using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). The experiment comprised a selective timing task requiring participants to make a continuous decision about the timing of their response under the risk of no rewards. The participants performed this task twice in a day: before and while receiving either anodal stimulation over the right DLPFC with cathodal stimulation over the left DLPFC (20 min, 2 mA), cathodal stimulation over the right DLPFC with anodal stimulation over the left DLPFC, or sham stimulation. In line with previous studies, their strategies before the stimulation were biased toward risk-seeking. During anodal stimulation over right DLPFC with cathodal stimulation over left DLPFC, participants showed a more conservative strategy to avoid the risk of no rewards. The additional experiment confirmed that tDCS did not affect the ability of timing control regarding the time intervals at which they aimed to respond. These results suggest a potential role for the DLPFC in modulating action selection in motor decision-making under risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Ota
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, United States.,Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shinya
- Department of Human Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Kudo
- Laboratory of Sports Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Interfaculty Initiative in Information Studies, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Information Studies, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Wen Y, Turel O, Peng Y, Lv C, He Q. Cathodal stimulating the left DLPFC changes risk disposition toward common risky behaviors in daily-life. Neurosci Lett 2019; 709:134400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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16
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Yang X, Gao M, Shi J, Ye H, Chen S. Modulating the Activity of the DLPFC and OFC Has Distinct Effects on Risk and Ambiguity Decision-Making: A tDCS Study. Front Psychol 2017; 8:1417. [PMID: 28878714 PMCID: PMC5572270 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human beings are constantly exposed to two types of uncertainty situations, risk and ambiguity. Neuroscientific studies suggest that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and the orbital frontal cortex (OFC) play significant roles in human decision making under uncertainty. We applied the transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) device to modulate the activity of participants’ DLPFC and OFC separately, comparing the causal relationships between people’s behaviors and the activity of the corresponding brain cortex when confronted with situations of risk and ambiguity. Our experiment employed a pre–post design and a risk/ambiguity decision-making task, from which we could calculate the preferences via an estimation model. We found evidences that modulating the activity of the DLPFC using right anodal/left cathodal tDCS significantly enhanced the participants’ preferences for risk, whereas modulating the activity of the OFC with right anodal/left cathodal tDCS significantly decreased the participants’ preferences for ambiguity. The reverse effects were also observed in the reversed tDCS treatments on the two areas. Our results suggest that decision-making processes under risk and ambiguity are complicated and may be encoded in two distinct circuits in our brains as the DLPFC primarily impacts decisions under risk whereas the OFC affects ambiguity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Yang
- School of Business and Management, Shanghai International Studies UniversityShanghai, China.,Academy of Financial Research, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Mei Gao
- College of Economics, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Jinchuan Shi
- Academy of Financial Research, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Hang Ye
- Neuro and Behavior EconLab, Zhejiang University of Finance and EconomicsHangzhou, China.,Interdisciplinary Center for Social Sciences, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Shu Chen
- College of Economics, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China.,Interdisciplinary Center for Social Sciences, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
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