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Dalgas BW, Ntoumanis N, Elmose-Østerlund K, Bredahl TVG. Exploring the process of restoring psychological needs after incidences of frustration and need unfulfillment. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1413963. [PMID: 38903469 PMCID: PMC11188414 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1413963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Research on psychological need restoration after incidences of need frustration holds promise for deepening our understanding of the dynamic nature of psychological needs proposed by self-determination theory. We aimed to extend this work by exploring differences in the process of restoring psychological needs after indences of frustration versus need unfulfillment. Methods In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 42 Danish adults varying in age, gender, and physical activity levels. Data were analyzed using the Framework Method. Results We identified four distinct yet interconnected phases in the need restoration process: Discrepancies between Actual and Desired Need States, Experiencing Negative Emotions, Initiating Plans for Action, and Action Stage. These stages offer a comprehensive framework for understanding how individuals restore their needs. Discussion We discerned contrasting approaches to need restoration depending on prior experiences of need frustration due to external contingencies versus need frustration due to internal factors and need unfulfillment. Need frustration due to external contingencies prompts withdrawal, aligning with the avoidance strategies identified in the literature. Conversely, unfulfilled needs and need frustration due to internal factors lead to proactive engagement, highlighting a distinct 'fight' response. These insights extend existing research, providing a nuanced understanding of the dynamic processes of need restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nikos Ntoumanis
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Karsten Elmose-Østerlund
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Meng L, He L, Chen M, Huang Y. The compensation effect of competence frustration and its behavioral manifestations. Psych J 2024. [PMID: 38530872 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The frustration of competence, one of the three basic psychological needs proposed by self-determination theory, has been widely demonstrated to negatively influence one's motivation and well-being in both work and life. However, research on the recovery mechanism of competence is still in the nascent stage. In this study, a two-stage behavioral experiment was conducted to examine the restoration of competence and the potential moderating role of resilience. Results showed that individuals who were asked to recall experience of competence frustration performed better on subsequent tasks, manifesting their behavioral efforts of competence restoration. However, resilience does not play a significant moderating role in competence restoration. Through convergent behavioral evidence, findings of this study demonstrate the compensation effect of competence frustration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Meng
- Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence for Information Behavior (Ministry of Education and Shanghai), School of Business and Management, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Organizational Behavior and Organizational Neuroscience, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China
| | - Linglan He
- Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence for Information Behavior (Ministry of Education and Shanghai), School of Business and Management, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Organizational Behavior and Organizational Neuroscience, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingming Chen
- Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence for Information Behavior (Ministry of Education and Shanghai), School of Business and Management, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Organizational Behavior and Organizational Neuroscience, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueting Huang
- College of Foreign Languages, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Feyer FK. Creating a model of cross-task motivation - A meta-narrative review of the literature on dynamic motivation. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1193186. [PMID: 37397295 PMCID: PMC10313063 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1193186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Substantial research on job motivation over the years has identified motivation to be essential to work outcomes such as wellbeing, attitudes, and performance. Yet, research on job motivation addressing temporal influences has been sparse. Existing research has addressed job motivation as an aggregation of the motivation for tasks, ignoring the possibility of temporal effects where the motivation for one task affects motivation in a subsequent task. The current meta-narrative review analyzes existing research on task motivation and synthesizes findings into a model of cross-task motivation. Methods Using a predetermined search strategy, a systematic search yielded 1,635 documents of which 17 were selected. Papers were analyzed using a meta-narrative approach according to RAMSES publication standards. Results Four key meta-narratives were identified, contributing information from different research traditions; (1) restoration effects after need frustration, (2) intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, (3) cognitive carryover effects, and (4) meaning of work. Synthesizing findings from these meta-narratives, a meta-theoretical model for understanding cross-task motivation was proposed. Discussion This model provides an extension of existing motivational theories elucidating temporal motivational processes. Implications for practitioners include the possibility of arranging jobs to maximize positive motivational outcomes.
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Prior autonomy frustration facilitates persistent behavior: The moderating role of autonomy causality orientation. MOTIVATION AND EMOTION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11031-022-09961-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Meng L, Pei G, Zhang Y, Jin J. Desire for Success Awakens: Proof of Competence Restoration in a Non-competitive Environment. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:698777. [PMID: 34234644 PMCID: PMC8256259 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.698777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pioneering studies reported that individuals who worked on a highly difficult task and experienced competence frustration beforehand would activate a restorative process and show enhanced autonomous motivation in a subsequent irrelevant activity. In this follow-up study, we explored the effect of prior competition outcome on one’s autonomous motivation in a subsequent non-competitive environment. According to our experimental manipulation, participants were randomly assigned to two treatment groups (a winning group and a losing group) and a control group. The experiment lasted for three sessions. Participants in the control group completed a single-player stop-watch (SW) task all along, while those in both treatment groups worked on a competitive SW task and competed for monetary rewards during Session 2 only. Electrophysiological data in Session 1 serve as the baseline and measure one’s trait-level autonomous motivation towards the SW game. For participants in the losing group, more pronounced difference wave of feedback-related negativity was observed in Session 3 compared with Session 1, suggesting enhanced autonomous motivation in Session 3. Such a pattern was observed in neither the winning group nor the control group. These results suggested that failure in a prior competition would activate one’s competence restoration in a subsequent non-competitive environment. Task difficulty and social competition are varied sources of competence frustration. Thus, our findings advanced understanding of the competence restorative process and helped clarify the dynamics between competition and human motivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Meng
- School of Business and Management, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanxiong Pei
- Research Center for Advanced AI Theory, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yupei Zhang
- School of Business and Management, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Jin
- School of Business and Management, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China
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Austin AB, Costabile KA. The role of autobiographical memory in competence need satisfaction. MOTIVATION AND EMOTION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11031-021-09895-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Fang H, Wan X, Zheng S, Meng L. The Spillover Effect of Autonomy Frustration on Human Motivation and Its Electrophysiological Representation. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:134. [PMID: 32390813 PMCID: PMC7189215 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It is a commonplace that some people may adopt a controlling style, which brings about autonomy frustration to others. Existing studies on autonomy frustration mainly examined its effect in the primary thwarting context, ignoring its potential spillover to subsequent activities. In this study, we examined whether prior autonomy frustration would have a sustaining negative impact on one's motivation in another autonomy-supportive activity that follows. In this electrophysiological study, participants worked on two irrelevant tasks organized by two different experimenters. We adopted a between-group design and manipulated participants' autonomy frustration by providing varied audio instructions during Session 1. In Session 2, all participants were instructed to complete a moderately difficult task that is autonomy-supportive instead, and we observed a less pronounced reward positivity (RewP) difference wave and a smaller P300 in the autonomy-frustration group compared with the control group. These findings suggested that the negative influence of autonomy frustration is longstanding and that it can undermine one's motivation and attention in a following activity that is autonomy-supportive itself. Thus, our findings provided original neutral evidence for the adverse intertemporal effect of autonomy frustration, and suggested important practical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Fang
- School of Business Administration, Guangdong University of Finance, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Neuromanagement and Decision Neuroscience, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Wan
- Laboratory of Neuromanagement and Decision Neuroscience, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,School of Management, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuyue Zheng
- School of Business and Management, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Meng
- School of Business and Management, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Applied Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China.,Wharton Neuroscience Initiative, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Fang H, Fu H, Li X, Meng L. Trapped in the woods: High performance goal orientation impedes competence restoration. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2019.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Waterschoot J, van der Kaap-Deeder J, Vansteenkiste M. The role of competence-related attentional bias and resilience in restoring thwarted feelings of competence. MOTIVATION AND EMOTION 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11031-019-09776-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Fang H, He B, Fu H, Zhang H, Mo Z, Meng L. A Surprising Source of Self-Motivation: Prior Competence Frustration Strengthens One's Motivation to Win in Another Competence-Supportive Activity. Front Hum Neurosci 2018; 12:314. [PMID: 30123117 PMCID: PMC6085490 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2018.00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
According to self-determination theory (SDT), competence is among the three basic psychological needs essential for one’s well-being and optimal functioning, and the frustration of these needs is theoretically predicted to induce a restorative response. While previous studies have explored the restoration process of autonomy and relatedness, empirical evidence for such a process is still lacking for competence. In order to explore this process and to examine the effect of prior competence frustration on one’s motivation to win in a subsequent competence-supportive task, we adopted a between-group experimental design and manipulated one’s competence frustration through task difficulty in an electrophysiological study. Participants in both groups were instructed to work on the time-estimation task and the stop-watch task in two successive sessions respectively. Participants in the experimental group were asked to complete a highly difficult task in the first session and a task of medium difficulty in the second session, while those in the control group were instructed to work on tasks of medium difficulty in both sessions. In the second session, an enlarged feedback-related negativity (FRN) loss-win difference wave (d-FRN) was observed in the experimental group compared to the control group, indicating that the competence-frustrated participants have an enhanced motivation to win in a subsequent competence-supportive task. Thus, results of the present study provided original neural evidence for the restoration process of frustrated competence, which provided important guidelines for the managerial practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Fang
- School of Management, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Neuromanagement and Decision Neuroscience, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin He
- School of Management, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Neuromanagement and Decision Neuroscience, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huijian Fu
- School of Management, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Neuromanagement and Decision Neuroscience, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huijun Zhang
- School of Management, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Neuromanagement and Decision Neuroscience, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zan Mo
- School of Management, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Neuromanagement and Decision Neuroscience, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Meng
- School of Business and Management, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Applied Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China.,Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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