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Pang X, Xu Y, Xie S, Zhang T, Cong L, Qi Y, Liu L, Li Q, Mo M, Wang G, Du X, Shen H, Li Y. Gallic Acid Ameliorates Cognitive Impairment Caused by Sleep Deprivation through Antioxidant Effect. Exp Neurobiol 2023; 32:285-301. [PMID: 37749929 PMCID: PMC10569142 DOI: 10.5607/en23015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep deprivation (SD) has a profound impact on the central nervous system, resulting in an array of mood disorders, including depression and anxiety. Despite this, the dynamic alterations in neuronal activity during sleep deprivation have not been extensively investigated. While some researchers propose that sleep deprivation diminishes neuronal activity, thereby leading to depression. Others argue that short-term sleep deprivation enhances neuronal activity and dendritic spine density, potentially yielding antidepressant effects. In this study, a two-photon microscope was utilized to examine the calcium transients of anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) neurons in awake SD mice in vivo at 24-hour intervals. It was observed that SD reduced the frequency and amplitude of Ca2+ transients while increasing the proportions of inactive neurons. Following the cessation of sleep deprivation, neuronal calcium transients demonstrated a gradual recovery. Moreover, whole-cell patch-clamp recordings revealed a significant decrease in the frequency of spontaneous excitatory post-synaptic current (sEPSC) after SD. The investigation also assessed several oxidative stress parameters, finding that sleep deprivation substantially elevated the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), while simultaneously decreasing the expression of Nuclear Factor erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) and activities of Superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the ACC. Importantly, the administration of gallic acid (GA) notably mitigated the decline of calcium transients in ACC neurons. GA was also shown to alleviate oxidative stress in the brain and improve cognitive impairment caused by sleep deprivation. These findings indicate that the calcium transients of ACC neurons experience a continuous decline during sleep deprivation, a process that is reversible. GA may serve as a potential candidate agent for the prevention and treatment of cognitive impairment induced by sleep deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogang Pang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Yifan Xu
- Department of Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Shuoxin Xie
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Tianshu Zhang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Lin Cong
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Yuchen Qi
- School of Health, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Lubing Liu
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Qingjun Li
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Mei Mo
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Guimei Wang
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Xiuwei Du
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- Department of Cellular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
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Lu Y, Xiao Y, Tu Y, Dai W, Xie Y. Propofol-induced sleep ameliorates cognition impairment in sleep-deprived rats. Sleep Breath 2023; 27:181-190. [PMID: 35314924 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-022-02591-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Propofol has been shown to clear sleep debt in rats after sleep deprivation (SD). We examined whether or not propofol-assisted sleep can restore cognitive function in SD rats and explored the possible mechanisms. METHODS A sleep deprivation model was established by housing 9 to 12 week-old rats to a multiplatform water tank for 96 h. Model rats were then intraperitoneally injected with different concentrations of propofol or 10% fat emulsion (vehicle control). All treatment groups were examined for spatial learning and memory ability in the Morris water maze (MWM). After euthanasia, morphological changes in the hippocampus, hippocampal neurons, and mitochondria were examined by hematoxylin-eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy. Serum and hippocampal levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and hippocampal concentrations of ATP and Cyt-c were measured by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were performed to assess hippocampal expression of Bcl-2, Bax, and cleaved caspase-3. RESULTS Results showed that escape latencies in MWM training trials were significantly shorter and target crossings in the memory probe trial significantly greater in propofol-treated SD model rats compared to vehicle-treated SD rats. Propofol also reduced the number of apoptotic bodies in the hippocampal CA1 region. Sleep deprivation reduced IL-1β and ATP in hippocampus while increasing TNF-α and Cyt-c, and propofol treatment reversed all these changes. There was no significant difference in Bcl-2 expression between propofol- and vehicle-treated SD rats, but pro-apoptotic Bax and cleaved caspase-3 expression levels were significantly reduced by propofol in SD rats. CONCLUSIONS Propofol-assisted sleep restored cognitive function in SD rats possibly by attenuating mitochondria-mediated neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhi Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, no.6 shuang-yong road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yong Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, no.6 shuang-yong road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Youbing Tu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Weixin Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, no.6 shuang-yong road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yubo Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, no.6 shuang-yong road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
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Rao SP, Dobariya P, Bellamkonda H, More SS. Role of 3-Mercaptopyruvate Sulfurtransferase (3-MST) in Physiology and Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030603. [PMID: 36978851 PMCID: PMC10045210 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST) plays the important role of producing hydrogen sulfide. Conserved from bacteria to Mammalia, this enzyme is localized in mitochondria as well as the cytoplasm. 3-MST mediates the reaction of 3-mercaptopyruvate with dihydrolipoic acid and thioredoxin to produce hydrogen sulfide. Hydrogen sulfide is also produced through cystathionine beta-synthase and cystathionine gamma-lyase, along with 3-MST, and is known to alleviate a variety of illnesses such as cancer, heart disease, and neurological conditions. The importance of cystathionine beta-synthase and cystathionine gamma-lyase in hydrogen sulfide biogenesis is well-described, but documentation of the 3-MST pathway is limited. This account compiles the current state of knowledge about the role of 3-MST in physiology and pathology. Attempts at targeting the 3-MST pathway for therapeutic benefit are discussed, highlighting the potential of 3-MST as a therapeutic target.
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Rao SP, Xie W, Christopher Kwon YI, Juckel N, Xie J, Dronamraju VR, Vince R, Lee MK, More SS. Sulfanegen stimulates 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase activity and ameliorates Alzheimer's disease pathology and oxidative stress in vivo. Redox Biol 2022; 57:102484. [PMID: 36183541 PMCID: PMC9530613 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased oxidative stress and inflammation are implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Treatment with hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and H2S donors such as sodium hydrosulfide (NaSH) can reduce oxidative stress in preclinical studies, however clinical benefits of such treatments are rather ambiguous. This is partly due to poor stability and bioavailability of the H2S donors, requiring impractically large doses that are associated with dose-limiting toxicity. Herein, we identified a bioavailable 3-mercaptopyruvate prodrug, sulfanegen, which is able to pose as a sacrificial redox substrate for 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3MST), one of the H2S biosynthetic enzymes in the brain. Sulfanegen is able to mitigate toxicity emanating from oxidative insults and the Aβ1-42 peptide by releasing H2S through the 3MST pathway. When administered to symptomatic transgenic mouse model of AD (APP/PS1; 7 and 12 months) and mice that were intracerebroventricularly administered with the Aβ1-42 peptide, sulfanegen was able to reverse oxidative and neuroinflammatory consequences of AD pathology by restoring 3MST function. Quantitative neuropathological analyses confirmed significant disease modifying effect of the compound on amyloid plaque burden and brain inflammatory markers. More importantly, sulfanegen treatment attenuated progressive neurodegeneration in these mice, as evident from the restoration of TH+ neurons in the locus coeruleus. This study demonstrates a previously unknown concept that supplementation of 3MST function in the brain may be a viable approach for the management of AD. Finally, brought into the spotlight is the potential of sulfanegen as a promising AD therapeutic for future drug development efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swetha Pavani Rao
- Center for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Wei Xie
- Center for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | | | - Nicholas Juckel
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Jiashu Xie
- Center for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | | | - Robert Vince
- Center for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Michael K Lee
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA; Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Swati S More
- Center for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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The Role of Hydrogen Sulfide Targeting Autophagy in the Pathological Processes of the Nervous System. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12090879. [PMID: 36144282 PMCID: PMC9502065 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12090879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an important cellular process, involving the transportation of cytoplasmic contents in the double membrane vesicles to lysosomes for degradation. Autophagy disorder contributes to many diseases, such as immune dysfunction, cancers and nervous system diseases. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a volatile and toxic gas with a rotten egg odor. For a long time, it was considered as an environmental pollution gas. In recent years, H2S is regarded as the third most important gas signal molecule after NO and CO. H2S has a variety of biological functions and can play an important role in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Increasingly more evidences show that H2S can regulate autophagy to play a protective role in the nervous system, but the mechanism is not fully understood. In this review, we summarize the recent literatures on the role of H2S in the pathological process of the nervous system by regulating autophagy, and analyze the mechanism in detail, hoping to provide the reference for future related research.
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Interaction of lithium and sleep deprivation on memory performance and anxiety-like behavior in male Wistar rats. Behav Brain Res 2022; 428:113890. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Wang B, Ntim M, Xia M, Wang Y, Lu JC, Yang JY, Li S. Long-Term Social Isolation-Induced Autophagy Inhibition and Cell Senescence Aggravate Cognitive Impairment in D(+)Galactose-Treated Male Mice. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:777700. [PMID: 35401146 PMCID: PMC8988191 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.777700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with physiological and pathological changes and presents health complications, such as dementia. Isolation has also been associated with the experience of growing old. Both have been linked individually to the incidence of cognitive decline. In this present study, the effects of these two phenomena have been looked at in animal models where aging was induced with D(+)Galactose in mice who underwent long-term post-weaned social isolation (L-PWSI). Assessing cognitive function using Y-maze, Morris water maze (MWM), and passive avoidance tests (PATs) confirmed that cognition is impaired in either of the treatments but worsened when the D(+)Galactose mice were subjected to L-PWSI. Moreover, a synaptic protein, PSD95, and dendritic spines density were significantly reduced in the L-PWSI and D(+)Galactose-treated mice. Our previous study revealed that autophagy deficit is involved in cognitive impairment in the L-PWSI model. Here, we first report the inhibited cell cycle in L-PWSI, combined with the decreased autophagy, aggravates cognitive impairment in D(+)Galactose-treated mice. Beyond these, the autophagy and cell cycle mechanisms that link isolation and aging have been explored. The close association between isolation and aging in humans is very real and needs much research attention going forward for possible therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug-Research and Development (R&D) of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Michael Ntim
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug-Research and Development (R&D) of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Min Xia
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug-Research and Development (R&D) of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug-Research and Development (R&D) of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Heart and Vessel Diseases of Dalian Medical University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jin-cheng Lu
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug-Research and Development (R&D) of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jin-Yi Yang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Dalian Friendship Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Jin-Yi Yang,
| | - Shao Li
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebral Diseases, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug-Research and Development (R&D) of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Shao Li,
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Vaseghi S, Arjmandi-Rad S, Eskandari M, Ebrahimnejad M, Kholghi G, Zarrindast MR. Modulating role of serotonergic signaling in sleep and memory. Pharmacol Rep 2021; 74:1-26. [PMID: 34743316 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-021-00339-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Serotonin is an important neurotransmitter with various receptors and wide-range effects on physiological processes and cognitive functions including sleep, learning, and memory. In this review study, we aimed to discuss the role of serotonergic receptors in modulating sleep-wake cycle, and learning and memory function. Furthermore, we mentioned to sleep deprivation, its effects on memory function, and the potential interaction with serotonin. Although there are thousands of research articles focusing on the relationship between sleep and serotonin; however, the pattern of serotonergic function in sleep deprivation is inconsistent and it seems that serotonin has not a certain role in the effects of sleep deprivation on memory function. Also, we found that the injection type of serotonergic agents (systemic or local), the doses of these drugs (dose-dependent effects), and up- or down-regulation of serotonergic receptors during training with various memory tasks are important issues that can be involved in the effects of serotonergic signaling on sleep-wake cycle, memory function, and sleep deprivation-induced memory impairments. This comprehensive review was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect databases in June and July 2021, by searching keywords sleep, sleep deprivation, memory, and serotonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salar Vaseghi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Shirin Arjmandi-Rad
- Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Eskandari
- Faculty of Basic Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Ebrahimnejad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gita Kholghi
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon Branch, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Dai W, Xiao Y, Tu Y, Xiao F, Lu Y, Qin Y, Xie Y. Propofol protects hippocampal neurons in sleep-deprived rats by inhibiting mitophagy and autophagy. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1427. [PMID: 34733979 PMCID: PMC8506745 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-3872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Sleep deprivation (SD) causes a disturbance in the cognitive function of rats. While propofol has a powerful sedative and hypnotic effect and is an antioxidant, its effect on the cognitive function of rats following SD remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to explore the protective effects of propofol on excessive autophagy and mitophagy in the hippocampus of rats after SD. Methods Adult male rats were intraperitoneally injected with 30 mg/kg of propofol after 96 hours of SD. Then we evaluated the effect of propofol on the cognitive function of sleep deprived rats by the Morris water maze. Transmission electron microscopy, Western blotting, PCR, immunohistochemistry, autophagy enhancer and autophagy inhibitor were used to study the effect of propofol on hippocampal neurons of rat with excessive autophagy and mitophagy. Results The behavioral experimental results of the Morris water maze showed that propofol improved the learning and memory ability of sleep-deprived rats. The expression of Beclin1, PINK1, parkin, p62, and LC3 protein increased significantly after sleep deprivation. While the intervention of propofol could significantly reduce the expression of these proteins, rapamycin treatment eliminated this effect. Conclusions Our findings showed that propofol could reduce the impairment of learning and memory in sleep-deprived rats by inhibiting excessive autophagy and mitophagy in hippocampal neurons. This strategy may provide an application basis for the clinical use of propofol in patients with chronic insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixin Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yong Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Youbing Tu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Fei Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yizhi Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yinying Qin
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yubo Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Cheng Y, Kim WK, Wellman LL, Sanford LD, Guo ML. Short-Term Sleep Fragmentation Dysregulates Autophagy in a Brain Region-Specific Manner. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11101098. [PMID: 34685469 PMCID: PMC8538758 DOI: 10.3390/life11101098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated autophagy, glial activation status, and corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) signaling in the brains of mice after 5 days of sleep fragmentation (SF). Three different brain regions including the striatum, hippocampus, and frontal cortex were selected for examination based on roles in sleep regulation and sensitivity to sleep disruption. For autophagy, we monitored the levels of various autophagic induction markers including beclin1, LC3II, and p62 as well as the levels of lysosomal associated membrane protein 1 and 2 (LAMP1/2) and the transcription factor EB (TFEB) which are critical for lysosome function and autophagy maturation stage. For the status of microglia and astrocytes, we determined the levels of Iba1 and GFAP in these brain regions. We also measured the levels of CRF and its cognate receptors 1 and 2 (CRFR1/2). Our results showed that 5 days of SF dysregulated autophagy in the striatum and hippocampus but not in the frontal cortex. Additionally, 5 days of SF activated microglia in the striatum but not in the hippocampus or frontal cortex. In the striatum, CRFR2 but not CRFR1 was significantly increased in SF-experienced mice. CRF did not alter its mRNA levels in any of the three brain regions assessed. Our findings revealed that autophagy processes are sensitive to short-term SF in a region-specific manner and suggest that autophagy dysregulation may be a primary initiator for brain changes and functional impairments in the context of sleep disturbances and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cheng
- Center for Integrative Neuroscience and Inflammatory Diseases, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA; (Y.C.); (W.-K.K.); (L.L.W.); (L.D.S.)
- Sleep Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Anatomy, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
- Drug Addiction Laboratory, Department Pathology and Anatomy, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
| | - Woong-Ki Kim
- Center for Integrative Neuroscience and Inflammatory Diseases, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA; (Y.C.); (W.-K.K.); (L.L.W.); (L.D.S.)
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
| | - Laurie L. Wellman
- Center for Integrative Neuroscience and Inflammatory Diseases, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA; (Y.C.); (W.-K.K.); (L.L.W.); (L.D.S.)
- Sleep Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Anatomy, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
| | - Larry D. Sanford
- Center for Integrative Neuroscience and Inflammatory Diseases, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA; (Y.C.); (W.-K.K.); (L.L.W.); (L.D.S.)
- Sleep Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Anatomy, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
| | - Ming-Lei Guo
- Center for Integrative Neuroscience and Inflammatory Diseases, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA; (Y.C.); (W.-K.K.); (L.L.W.); (L.D.S.)
- Drug Addiction Laboratory, Department Pathology and Anatomy, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-757-446-5891
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Maher A, El Sayed N, Nafea H, Gad M. Rolipram rescues memory consolidation deficits caused by sleep deprivation: Implication of the cAMP/PKA and cAMP/Epac pathways. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS 2021; 21:631-639. [PMID: 34397335 DOI: 10.2174/1871527320666210816105144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the last few years, the number of people suffering from sleeping disorders has increased significantly despite negative effects on cognition and an association with brain inflammation. OBJECTIVES We assessed memory deficits caused by sleep deprivation (SD) to determine the therapeutic effect of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors on SD-induced memory deficits and to investigate whether the modulation of memory deficits by PDE4 inhibitors is mediated by a protein kinase A (PKA)-independent pathway in conjunction with a PKA-dependent pathway. METHODS Adult male mice were divided into four groups. Three SD groups were deprived of Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep for 12 h a day for six consecutive days. They were tested daily in the Morris water maze to evaluate learning and memory. One of the SD groups was injected with a PDE4 inhibitor, rolipram (1 mg/kg ip), whereas another had rolipram co-administered with chlorogenic acid (CHA, 20 mg/kg ip), an inhibitor of PKA. After 6 days, the mice were sacrificed, and the hippocampi were evaluated for cyclic AMP (cAMP) and nuclear factor Nrf-2 levels. The hippocampal expression of PKA, phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), and phosphorylated glycogen synthase 3β (Ser389) were also evaluated. RESULTS SD caused a significant decrease in cAMP levels in the brain and had a detrimental effect on learning and memory. The administration of rolipram or rolipram+CHA resulted in an improvement in cognitive function. CONCLUSION The present study provides evidence that restoration of memory with PDE4 inhibitors occurs through a dual mechanism involving the PKA and Epac pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Maher
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Cairo. Egypt
| | - Nesrine El Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University. Egypt
| | - Heba Nafea
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Cairo. Egypt
| | - Mohamed Gad
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Cairo. Egypt
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Gao S, Tang YY, Jiang L, Lan F, Li X, Zhang P, Zou W, Chen YJ, Tang XQ. H 2S Attenuates Sleep Deprivation-Induced Cognitive Impairment by Reducing Excessive Autophagy via Hippocampal Sirt-1 in WISTAR RATS. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:1941-1952. [PMID: 33914232 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03314-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sleep deprivation (SD) is widespread in society causing serious damage to cognitive function. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), the third gas signal molecule, plays important regulatory role in learning and memory functions. Inhibition of excessive autophagy and upregulation of silent information regulator 1 (Sirt-1) have been reported to prevent cognitive dysfunction. Therefore, this present work was to address whether H2S attenuates the cognitive impairment induced by SD in Wistar rats and whether the underlying mechanisms involve in inhibition of excessive autophagy and upregulation of Sirt-1. After treatment with SD for 72 h, the cognitive function of Wistar rats was evaluated by Y-maze, new object recognition, object location, and Morris water maze tests. The results shown that SD-caused cognitive impairment was reversed by treatment with NaHS (a donor of H2S). NaHS also prevented SD-induced hippocampal excessive autophagy, as evidenced by the decrease in autophagosomes, the down-regulation of Beclin1, and the up-regulation of p62 in the hippocampus of SD-exposed Wistar rats. Furthermore, Sirtinol, an inhibitor of Sirt-1, reversed the inhibitory roles of NaHS in SD-induced cognitive impairment and excessive hippocampal autophagy in Wistar rats. Taken together, our results suggested that H2S improves the cognitive function of SD-exposed rats by inhibiting excessive hippocampal autophagy in a hippocampal Sirt-1-dependent way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Gao
- Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 W Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Yun Tang
- Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 W Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Li Jiang
- Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 W Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, 336 E Dongfeng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Fang Lan
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, 336 E Dongfeng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China
- Institute of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 W Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China.
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, 336 E Dongfeng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Zou
- Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 W Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, 336 E Dongfeng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Jun Chen
- Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 W Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, 336 E Dongfeng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Qing Tang
- Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 W Changsheng Road, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China.
- Institute of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P. R. China.
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13
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Vaseghi S, Arjmandi-Rad S, Kholghi G, Nasehi M. Inconsistent effects of sleep deprivation on memory function. EXCLI JOURNAL 2021; 20:1011-1027. [PMID: 34267613 PMCID: PMC8278215 DOI: 10.17179/excli2021-3764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this review article, we aimed to discuss the role of sleep deprivation (SD) in learning and memory processing in basic and clinical studies. There are numerous studies investigating the effect of SD on memory, while most of these studies have shown the impairment effect of SD. However, some of these studies have reported conflicting results, indicating that SD does not impair memory performance or even improves it. So far, no study has discussed or compared the conflicting results of SD on learning and memory. Thus, this important issue in the neuroscience of sleep remains unknown. The main goal of this review article is to compare the similar mechanisms between the impairment and the improvement effects of SD on learning and memory, probably leading to a scientific solution that justifies these conflicting results. We focused on the inconsistent effects of SD on some mechanisms involved in learning and memory, and tried to discuss the inconsistent effects of SD on learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salar Vaseghi
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Amir-Almomenin Hospital, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Arjmandi-Rad
- Institute for Cognitive & Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gita Kholghi
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Amir-Almomenin Hospital, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nasehi
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Amir-Almomenin Hospital, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Looti Bashiyan M, Nasehi M, Vaseghi S, Khalifeh S. Investigating the effect of crocin on memory deficits induced by total sleep deprivation (TSD) with respect to the BDNF, TrkB and ERK levels in the hippocampus of male Wistar rats. J Psychopharmacol 2021; 35:744-754. [PMID: 33899577 DOI: 10.1177/02698811211000762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep deprivation (SD) induces cognitive impairments such as memory deficit. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is considered as the most critical neurotrophin in the central nervous system that is involved in sleep and memory. The main receptor of BDNF, tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), is dramatically expressed in the hippocampus. Also, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) has a significant role in memory function. Crocin is a carotenoid chemical compound and the active component of the flower Crocus sativus L. (saffron) that improves memory function and increases the level of BDNF, TrkB and ERK. AIMS In this research, we aimed to investigate the effect of total SD (TSD, 24 h) and crocin on memory performance, and BDNF, TrkB and ERK hippocampal levels. METHODS Passive avoidance memory was assessed using step-through, and working memory was measured using Y-maze tasks. The level of proteins in both hemispheres of the hippocampus was evaluated using Western blotting. Crocin was injected intraperitoneally at doses of 1, 5 and 15 mg/kg. RESULTS Twenty-four-hour TSD impaired both types of memories and decreased the level of all proteins in both hemispheres of the hippocampus. Crocin at all doses restored TSD-induced memory deficits. Crocin (15 mg/kg) reversed the effect of TSD on levels of all proteins. CONCLUSIONS The adverse effect of TSD on the level of proteins in the hippocampus may disrupt synaptic plasticity and transmission, which induces memory impairment. Additionally, the restoration effect of crocin on the decrease in protein levels may be involved in its improvement effect on memory performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malihe Looti Bashiyan
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nasehi
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Amir-Almomenin Hospital, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Salar Vaseghi
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran.,Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Amir-Almomenin Hospital, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Solmaz Khalifeh
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Amir-Almomenin Hospital, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Chen SM, Li M, Xie J, Li S, Xiang SS, Liu HY, Chen Z, Zhang P, Kuang X, Tang XQ. Hydrogen sulfide attenuates postoperative cognitive dysfunction through promoting the pathway of Warburg effect-synaptic plasticity in hippocampus. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 409:115286. [PMID: 33068621 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is deemed to a severe surgical complication without effective treatment. Previous work has confirmed the important modulatory role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in cognitive function. This study was proposed to explore whether H2S relieves POCD and the possible mechanisms. We demonstrated that NaHS (a donor of H2S) reversed the inhibited endogenous H2S generation in the hippocampus of postoperative rats. NaHS attenuated the cognitive impairment of postoperative rats in the Y-maze, Novel object recognition, and Morris water maze tests. NaHS enhanced the expressions of synaptic plasticity-related proteins, synapsin-1 and PSD-95, increased the synaptic density, and decreased the destruction of synaptic structures in the hippocampus of postoperative rats. Moreover, NaHS promoted Warburg effect in the hippocampus of postoperative rats, as reflected by increases in the expressions of hexokinase 2, pyruvate kinase M2, lactate dehydrogenase A, and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1, an enhancement in the content of lactate, and a reduction in the expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase. The inhibitor of Warburg effect, 2-Deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), not only reversed NaHS-enhanced Warburg effect in the hippocampus of postoperative rats, but also significantly abolished NaHS-exerted protective effect on cognitive function. Furthermore, 2-DG reversed NaHS-exerted enhancement in the expressions of synapsin-1 and PSD-95, increase in the synaptic density, and decrease in the destruction of synaptic structures in the hippocampus of postoperative rats. Collectively, these results indicate that H2S alleviates POCD through enhancing hippocampal Warburg effect, which subsequently improves synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Min Chen
- Institute of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, PR China; Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, PR China
| | - Min Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, PR China; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, PR China
| | - Juan Xie
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, PR China; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, PR China
| | - Sha Li
- Institute of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, PR China; Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, PR China
| | - Shi-Shi Xiang
- Institute of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, PR China; Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, PR China
| | - Hai-Yao Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, PR China; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, PR China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, PR China; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, PR China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, PR China; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, PR China.
| | - Xin Kuang
- Institute of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, PR China; Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xiao-Qing Tang
- Institute of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, PR China; Institute of Neuroscience, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, PR China.
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16
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The neuroprotective effect of osthole against chronic sleep deprivation (CSD)-induced memory impairment in rats. Life Sci 2020; 263:118524. [PMID: 33011218 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM Sleep deprivation (SD) is a frequent health problem in modern society. Osthole (Ost), a natural coumarin, has antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. This study examined the functions of Ost in chronic sleep deprivation (CSD)-induced memory deficits in rats. MAIN METHODS The CSD rat model was constructed by applying Sleep Interruption Apparatus (SIA). The protective effect of Ost on memory ability of CSD rats was evaluated through behavioral tests. Modafinil (MOD) was a positive control for investigating the mechanisms underlying the actions of Ost. The oxidative stress changes in the cortex and hippocampus of the rats, histological changes in CA1 region in the hippocampus and the protein expressions of neural plasticity markers were measured. The hippocampal neurons were isolated from rats for evaluating the neuroprotective effects of Ost on glutamate-induced neuron injury in vitro. KEY FINDINGS Ost administration significantly enhanced the cognitive performance of CSD rats in the open field test, object location recognition experiment, novel object recognition experiment, and Morris water maze test. Ost could effectively normalize the levels/activities of the antioxidant enzyme system in the cortex and hippocampus. Moreover, Ost administration reversed CSD-induced abnormal state of CA1 neurocytes and the down-regulated expressions of plasticity-related genes in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, Ost also notably up-regulated the expressions of Nrf2 and HO-1 previously down-regulated in CA1 neurocytes of CSD rats and in vitro. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings showed that Ost alleviated CSD-induced cognitive deficits, and the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway might be involved in the neuroprotective action of Ost.
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17
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Mahdavi MS, Nasehi M, Vaseghi S, Mousavi Z, Zarrindast MR. The effect of alpha lipoic acid on passive avoidance and social interaction memory, pain perception, and locomotor activity in REM sleep-deprived rats. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 73:102-110. [PMID: 33000413 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-020-00161-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence shows the vital role of sleep in the modulation of cognitive functions. Sleep deprivation (SD) can disrupt learning and memory processes. SD also affects pain perception and locomotor activity. Furthermore, alpha lipoic acid (ALA) may induce antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. ALA affects memory processes, pain subthreshold, and locomotor activity. The goal of the present study was to investigate the effect of REM (rapid-eye movement) SD and ALA on social and passive avoidance memory, locomotor activity, and pain perception. METHODS Multiple-platform apparatus was used to induce REM SD for 24 h. Three-chamber paradigm test, the shuttle box, locomotion apparatus, and hot plate were used to assess social interaction memory, passive avoidance memory, locomotor activity, and pain perception, respectively. ALA was injected intraperitoneally at the doses of 35 and 70 mg/kg. RESULTS 24 h REM SD impaired both types of memory. In addition, ALA (35 mg/kg) reversed REM SD-induced memory impairments. However, ALA (70 mg/kg) impaired social memory with no effect on REM SD-induced memory impairments. ALA (70 mg/kg) also decreased pain subthreshold in REM SD rats. CONCLUSION REM SD impairs social interaction and passive avoidance memory. Furthermore, ALA may exhibit a dose-dependent manner in some cognitive tasks. ALA can induce a therapeutic effect at one dose, and an impairment effect at another dose (lower or higher), while the cognitive task and the conditions are equal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohadese Sadat Mahdavi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nasehi
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Amir-Almomenin Hospital, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box: 13145-784, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Salar Vaseghi
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Amir-Almomenin Hospital, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box: 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Mousavi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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18
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Chen Y, Zhang H, Li F, Wang X. Inhibition of CX3C receptor 1-mediated autophagy in macrophages alleviates pulmonary fibrosis in hyperoxic lung injury. Life Sci 2020; 259:118286. [PMID: 32810508 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the role of CX3CR1 in hyperoxic lung injury induced pulmonary fibrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hyperoxic lung injured mice were used as the disease model. Pulmonary fibrosis was determined by H&E and Masson's staining. Autophagy was investigated by western blot, immunofluorescence staining, and transmission electron microscopy. KEY FINDINGS We observed that increased CX3CR1 expression corresponded with increased pulmonary fibrosis. Additionally, silencing of CX3CR1 significantly alleviated the fibrosis when compared to the control. We observed that exposure of mouse to hyperoxic environment increased macrophage levels along with an increased CD11b expression in the lung tissues. Subsequently, we also observed an increased expression of LC3-II and decreased p62 expression in hyperoxic mice models, suggesting the potential role of hyperoxia induced autophagy. CD11b and LC3/CX3CR1 were expressed and co-localized in a manner indicating CX3CR1 indeed does regulate macrophage autophagy in the hyperoxic lung injury model. We observed a decrease in hyperoxia-associated fibrosis, along with a decrease in autophagy when we used 3-MA (autophagy inhibitor) in our hyperoxic lung injury model. To elucidate the pathway through which CX3CR1 regulated autophagy, we further analyzed the Akt1 pathway. Our experimental results indicated that the Akt1 inhibitor (A-674563) did significantly decrease macrophage autophagy and fibrosis in hyperoxic mice models. SIGNIFICANCE Thus, our data indicates a novel role of CX3CR1 in regulation of macrophage autophagy and promotion of pulmonary fibrosis in hyperoxic lung injured mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Chen
- Department of Respiratory, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai 200080, China.
| | - Hai Zhang
- Department of Respiratory, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Respiratory, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai 200080, China
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19
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Rezaie M, Nasehi M, Vaseghi S, Mohammadi-Mahdiabadi-Hasani MH, Zarrindast MR, Nasiri Khalili MA. The protective effect of alpha lipoic acid (ALA) on social interaction memory, but not passive avoidance in sleep-deprived rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2020; 393:2081-2091. [PMID: 32583046 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01916-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sleep is involved in maintaining energy, regulating heat, and recovering tissues. Furthermore, proper cognitive functions need sufficient sleep. Many studies have revealed the impairment effect of sleep deprivation (SD) on cognitive functions including learning and memory. Alpha lipoic acid (ALA) is a potent free radical scavenger, biological antioxidant, and neuroprotective agent. Furthermore, ALA improves learning and memory performance, decreases oxidative stress, and enhances antioxidant biomarkers. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of ALA on social interaction and passive avoidance memories in sleep-deprived rats. Total sleep deprivation (TSD) apparatus was used to induce SD (for 24 h). Three-chamber paradigm test and shuttle box apparatus were used to evaluate social interaction and passive avoidance memory, respectively. Rats' locomotor apparatus was used to assess locomotion. ALA was administered intraperitoneally at doses of 17 and 35 mg/kg for 3 consecutive days. The results showed SD impaired both types of memories. ALA at the dose of 35 mg/kg restored social interaction memory in sleep-deprived rats; while, at the dose of 17 mg/kg attenuated impairment effect of SD. Moreover, ALA at the dose of 35 mg/kg impaired passive avoidance memory in sham-SD rats and at both doses did not rescue passive avoidance memory in sleep-deprived rats. In conclusion, ALA showed impairment effect on passive avoidance memory, while improved social interaction memory in sleep-deprived rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maede Rezaie
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, P.O. Box: 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nasehi
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Amir-Almomenin Hospital, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Salar Vaseghi
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Amir-Almomenin Hospital, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Neuroendocrinology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Nasiri Khalili
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, P.O. Box: 13145-784, Tehran, Iran.
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20
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Zuhra K, Augsburger F, Majtan T, Szabo C. Cystathionine-β-Synthase: Molecular Regulation and Pharmacological Inhibition. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E697. [PMID: 32365821 PMCID: PMC7277093 DOI: 10.3390/biom10050697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS), the first (and rate-limiting) enzyme in the transsulfuration pathway, is an important mammalian enzyme in health and disease. Its biochemical functions under physiological conditions include the metabolism of homocysteine (a cytotoxic molecule and cardiovascular risk factor) and the generation of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a gaseous biological mediator with multiple regulatory roles in the vascular, nervous, and immune system. CBS is up-regulated in several diseases, including Down syndrome and many forms of cancer; in these conditions, the preclinical data indicate that inhibition or inactivation of CBS exerts beneficial effects. This article overviews the current information on the expression, tissue distribution, physiological roles, and biochemistry of CBS, followed by a comprehensive overview of direct and indirect approaches to inhibit the enzyme. Among the small-molecule CBS inhibitors, the review highlights the specificity and selectivity problems related to many of the commonly used "CBS inhibitors" (e.g., aminooxyacetic acid) and provides a comprehensive review of their pharmacological actions under physiological conditions and in various disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Zuhra
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1702 Fribourg, Switzerland; (K.Z.); (F.A.)
| | - Fiona Augsburger
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1702 Fribourg, Switzerland; (K.Z.); (F.A.)
| | - Tomas Majtan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1702 Fribourg, Switzerland; (K.Z.); (F.A.)
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21
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Rajizadeh MA, Esmaeilpour K, Haghparast E, Ebrahimi MN, Sheibani V. Voluntary exercise modulates learning & memory and synaptic plasticity impairments in sleep deprived female rats. Brain Res 2019; 1729:146598. [PMID: 31866363 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that forced exercise plays a preventive role in synaptic plasticity deficits in the hippocampus and behavioral impairments in sleep-deprived male and female rats. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of voluntary exercise on early long-term potentiation (E-LTP) at the Cornu Ammonis (CA1) area of the hippocampus and behavioral functions by barnes maze and novel location tests in sleep-deprived female rats. Intact female Wistar rats were used in the present study. The exercise protocol was four weeks wheel running and the multiple platform method was applied to induce 72 h Sleep deprivation (SD). We examine the effect of exercise and/or SD on synaptic plasticity using in vivo extracellular recording in the CA1 area of the hippocampus. Spatial learning and memory examined by Barnes maze and recognition memory assessed by novel location test. Field potential recording indicated that the induction and maintenance phase of E-LTP impaired in the sleep deprived animals compared to the other groups. After 72 h SD, LTP impairments were reduced by 4 weeks of voluntary exercise but do not go back to control values. SD impairs learning and memory and exercise could improve these deficits. In conclusion, the synaptic plasticity deficit in sleep-deprived female rats was improved by voluntary exercise. Further studies are suggested to evaluate the possible underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Amin Rajizadeh
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Esmaeilpour
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Elham Haghparast
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Navid Ebrahimi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Vahid Sheibani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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