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Yu ACL. Perceptual Cue Weighting Is Influenced by the Listener's Gender and Subjective Evaluations of the Speaker: The Case of English Stop Voicing. Front Psychol 2022; 13:840291. [PMID: 35529558 PMCID: PMC9067435 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.840291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Speech categories are defined by multiple acoustic dimensions and their boundaries are generally fuzzy and ambiguous in part because listeners often give differential weighting to these cue dimensions during phonetic categorization. This study explored how a listener's perception of a speaker's socio-indexical and personality characteristics influences the listener's perceptual cue weighting. In a matched-guise study, three groups of listeners classified a series of gender-neutral /b/-/p/ continua that vary in VOT and F0 at the onset of the following vowel. Listeners were assigned to one of three prompt conditions (i.e., a visually male talker, a visually female talker, or audio-only) and rated the talker in terms of vocal (and facial, in the visual prompt conditions) gender prototypicality, attractiveness, friendliness, confidence, trustworthiness, and gayness. Male listeners and listeners who saw a male face showed less reliance on VOT compared to listeners in the other conditions. Listeners' visual evaluation of the talker also affected their weighting of VOT and onset F0 cues, although the effects of facial impressions differ depending on the gender of the listener. The results demonstrate that individual differences in perceptual cue weighting are modulated by the listener's gender and his/her subjective evaluation of the talker. These findings lend support for exemplar-based models of speech perception and production where socio-indexical features are encoded as a part of the episodic traces in the listeners' mental lexicon. This study also shed light on the relationship between individual variation in cue weighting and community-level sound change by demonstrating that VOT and onset F0 co-variation in North American English has acquired a certain degree of socio-indexical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan C L Yu
- Chicago Phonology Laboratory, Department of Linguistics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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Peng Z, Hu Z, Wang X, Jiao T, Li H, Liu H. Gender context modulation on the self-enhancement effect of vocal attractiveness evaluation. Psych J 2021; 10:858-867. [PMID: 34323015 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
People evaluated their own voices as sounding more attractive than others rated their voices (i.e., self-enhancement effect from the perspective of the rater, termed "SE_rater"), and people also rated their own voices as more attractive than the voices of others (i.e., self-enhancement effect from the perspective of the voice, termed "SE_voice"). The aim of the present study is to explore whether the gender context (i.e., same-sex and opposite-sex rating context) could influence the SE effect of voice attractiveness evaluation. Male and female participants were asked to rate the attractiveness of their own voices and other participants' voices, either in a same-sex session or an opposite-sex session. The results demonstrated both the SE_rater and SE_voice effect in the same-sex and opposite-sex contexts, for both male and female. More importantly, we found that the SE_rater for the male voices was significantly greater than that for the female voices in the same-sex context whereas no such difference was found in the opposite-sex context. In addition, the SE_voice effect in men was larger in the same-sex context than that in the opposite-sex context whereas the SE_voice in women was smaller in the same-sex context than that in the opposite-sex context. These findings indicated that the self-enhancement effect of vocal attractiveness was modulated by the gender context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikang Peng
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiguo Hu
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Psychological Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tiantian Jiao
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Psychological Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hanxiaoran Li
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Psychological Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongyan Liu
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
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González-González CS, Gil-Iranzo RM, Paderewski-Rodríguez P. Human-Robot Interaction and Sexbots: A Systematic Literature Review. SENSORS 2020; 21:s21010216. [PMID: 33396356 PMCID: PMC7795467 DOI: 10.3390/s21010216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
At present, sexual robots have become a new paradigm of social robots. In this paper, we developed a systematic literature review about sexual robots (sexbots). To do this, we used the Scopus and WoS databases to answer different research questions regarding the design, interaction, and gender and ethical approaches from 1980 until 2020. In our review, we found a male bias in this discipline, and in recent years, articles have shown that user opinion has become more relevant. Some insights and recommendations on gender and ethics in designing sexual robots were also made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Soledad González-González
- Departamento de Ingeniería Informática y de Sistemas, Escuela de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad de La Laguna, 38204 La Laguna, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Rosa María Gil-Iranzo
- Departamento de Informática e Ingeniería Industrial, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universitat de Lleida, 25001 LLeida, Spain;
| | - Patricia Paderewski-Rodríguez
- Departmento de Lenguajes y Sistemas Informáticos, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenierías Informática y de Telecomunicación, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
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