Predictive Psychosocial Factors of Child-to-Parent Violence in a Sample of Mexican Adolescents

Adolescent Violence in the Home Among Youth Presenting to an Early Psychosis Service: An Exploration of Contributing Factors

Adolescent violence in the home is a growing public health issue and remains under reported and under-researched. The focus of the present research is to investigate factors that may contribute to adolescent violence in the home, among acohort of young people with co-occurring early psychosis. Data relates to 50 young people (16 females, 33 males, 1 nonbinary) aged from 16-25 who were clients at a youth early psychosis service in Melbourne, Australia. Results from a discriminant function analysis revealed the two major contributing factors to whether someone used violence in the home, were whether a young person had a coexisting neurodevelopmental or intellectual disability and whether they used violence outside the home. The findings provide preliminary evidence that engaging in violence outside the home and the presence of a neurodevelopmental or intellectual disability may make it more likely for young people with early psychosis to use violence in the home.

Child-to-Parent Violence and Abuse: A Scoping Review

Child-to-parent violence and abuse (CPVA) is a pattern of behavior where a parent or carer is abused by a child they are caring for. The main body of work on CPVA is relatively recent and evolving at pace. This scoping review explores the characteristics of parents, carers, children, and young people in cases of CPVA, the characteristics of CPVA, and barriers to and facilitators of help-seeking in cases of CPVA. The scoping review did not exclude any studies on the basis of geographical location or date of the study. The databases Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Science, Medline, and PubMed were searched in August 2023, along with hand searches of key journals. A total of 145 reports were included in the review, selected for their relevance to the scoping review questions. The main findings were: (a) the field of CPVA is rapidly growing, doubling in the last decade but with a predominance of quantitative studies; (b) there is no agreed universal definition; (c) children and young people with disabilities; who identify as trans or nonbinary gender, or who are adopted or fostered, are almost completely absent from the existing research; (d) there is very limited research focusing on protective factors or on help-seeking.

Child-to-Parent Violence – Der Blinde Fleck in der Forschung zur familiären Gewalt? Ein Systematic Review / Child-to-Parent Violence –The Blind Spot in Research on Family Violence? A Systematic Review

Child-to-Parent Violence -The Blind Spot in Research on Family Violence? A Systematic Review Child-to-parent violence (CPV) is a phenomenon that has received little attention in the German scientific community. With this paper, the authors present the international state of research in the context of a systematic review. By means of a search a dataset of 317 scientific publications for the period 2012-2022 was identified at August 2022. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 14 studies were finally defined and analyzed in detail. Based on the analysis, the following variables are highlighted as outcomes: Forms of CPV, prevalence, age and gender of individuals performing CPV, risk and protective factors, the direction of CPV within family constellations as well as external conditioning factors of CPV.The results show that there are some concrete findings in research regarding these variables, particularly in the area of risk and protective factors. An initial systematization of violent behaviour in the context of CPV can also be derived fromthe current state of research. At the same time, however, there are still clear gaps in research, e. g. in terms of prevalence, which is mainly due to very different definitions of "violence". This applies both with regard to the international state of research, but especially with regard to the situation in German-speaking countries.

The Association of Alcohol Use and Child-to-Parent Violence in Mexican Adolescents

Background: Addictions can modify the dynamics, communication, and establishment of assertive relationships in the family nucleus, situations that can cause different types of family violence. A phenomenon of special interest is child-to-parent violence or children's violence toward their parents. This type of violence can be exercised physically (hitting, kicking, shoving), verbally (shouting, blackmailing and insulting) and economically (using a card, stealing money or belongings from the parents). Although is generally supported that child-to-parent violence may be associated with alcohol-induced aggressiveness and lack of control, there is less evidence of a possible differentiation regarding the sex of the parents. Objective: Analyze the relationship and effect of alcohol on child-to-parent violence according to the parents' sex. Methods: This was a predictive study of 265 adolescents between 12 and 19 years of age. Data were collected from social networks using two self-applied instruments (the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and the Conflict Tactics Scale: Parent-Child Version) programmed with the Survey Monkey® digital platform. Results: Of the adolescents studied, 66.8% had consumed alcohol at some time in their lives; of these, 6.6% had harmful consumption. A positive relationship was found between alcohol involvement scores and economic violence toward the mother and father. The former was supported by regression models where alcohol involvement predicted child-to-parent economic violence directed toward mothers and fathers. Conclusions: It is important to develop activities to prevent alcohol consumption as a risk factor for violence and to promote family integration in adolescents and their families.

Filio-parental violence analyzed through the Spanish press (2010-2020). Child-to-parent violence: A case of family violence

Violence exercised by children against their parents has increased significantly, affecting society both directly and indirectly. This type of violence is one of the least investigated and least exposed by the media. The aim of this work is to examine how the media have portrayed this problem, by means of a qualitative methodology and a multidimensional analysis of journalistic and literary texts. News related to violence committed by children against parents published from 2010 to 2020 were sourced from the following Spanish newspapers: El País, ABC, El Día, El Mundo, La Vanguardia, El Periódico, La Provincia, Canarias 7, 20 Minutos, and Diario de Avisos. The text corpus was subsequently analyzed with the open access software IRaMuTeQ. The results show a total of 204232 words (number of occurrences), of which 4561 appear only once (number of hapaxes). The words "violence," "father," and "son" are those that appear most frequently in the analysis of the texts and present a strong co-occurrence among them. It should be noted that child-to-parent violence is described as a problem confined to the family environment. The importance of prevention strategies against violence within the family context is shown in this paper.

Emotional Loneliness, Suicidal Ideation, and Alexithymia in Adolescents Who Commit Child-to-Parent Violence

The objective of this research was to explore the relationship between involvement in child-to-parent violence (CPV) and the development of emotional loneliness, suicidal ideation, and alexithymia based on sex; 1,928 adolescents of both sexes participated (50.5% males and 49.5% females), aged between 12 and 18 years (M = 14. 67, SD = 1.77), enrolled in four educational centers in Spain. A multivariate analysis of variance (3 × 2 MANOVA) was applied using sex and CPV levels as independent variables. Univariate analyses were carried out to explore the significant relationships detected. Results showed that the adolescents with higher CPV scored higher in emotional loneliness, suicidal ideation, and alexithymia. Girls showed a greater prevalence of CPV at the medium and high levels. An interaction of sex and CPV with alexithymia was detected. Girls with high and moderate values of CPV presented a higher level of alexithymia. These results provide novel information in the field of CPV. Previous research has placed the main focus of analysis on the adolescents' behavior problems and not so much on their perceptions of personal adjustment and their emotional experiences. The information presented in this study contributes to achieve a more precise definition of the profile of adolescent who assault their parents for better prevention of CPV.