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Berger-Estilita J, Salvisberg D, Köselerli E, Haupt S, Meço BC. Impact of Burnout on Anaesthesiologists. Turk J Anaesthesiol Reanim 2024; 52:54-59. [PMID: 38700106 DOI: 10.4274/tjar.2024.241565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Professional burnout syndrome (PBS) is an issue affecting individuals and organizations alike, characterized by emotional exhaustion and reduced effectiveness resulting from overwhelming work demands. Root causes include excessive workload, unrealistic expectations, and blurred work-life boundaries, which are often intensified by organizational culture and inadequate support systems. The consequences range from decreased productivity and creativity to high turnover rates and financial strain on organizations. Mitigating PBS requires a comprehensive approach that addresses both individual and organizational levels. Individually, stress management techniques and self-care practices are crucial for building resilience and coping with work-related stressors. Organizations play a vital role in promoting employee well-being by fostering a supportive work environment, promoting work-life balance and providing access to support systems such as counseling and mentorship programs. Leadership is key in creating a culture that values employee health and prioritizes open communication and empathy. Policy interventions can further support efforts to combat PBS by enforcing labor laws that protect employee rights, such as setting limits on working hours and ensuring access to mental health services. Additionally, incentivise organizations to prioritize employee well-being through tax incentives or certification programs can encourage proactive measures against burnout. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive exploration of PBS, examining its causes, consequences, and potential mitigation strategies in individuals and organizations, with a focus on anaesthesiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Berger-Estilita
- Hirslanden Medical Group Salem Spital, Institute of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Bern, Switzerland
- University of Bern, Institute for Medical Education, Bern, Switzerland
- University of Porto Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Health Technology and Services Research, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Ekin Köselerli
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, İbn-i Sina Hospital, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Stefan Haupt
- Hirslanden Medical Group Salem Spital, Institute of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Başak Ceyda Meço
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, İbn-i Sina Hospital, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Ankara, Turkey
- Ankara University Brain Research Center (AÜBAUM), Ankara, Turkey
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Galliker S, Igic I, Semmer NK, Elfering A. Stress at Work and Well-being Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A 1-Year Longitudinal Study in Switzerland. J Occup Environ Med 2024; 66:56-70. [PMID: 37853654 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to analyze the development of conditions at work and health-related variables (notably exhaustion) in Switzerland longitudinally before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Questionnaire data were collected from a population-based sample of 1,553 employees in February 2020 and 1 year later. Health and well-being associated with ( a ) working conditions in general and ( b ) COVID-19-specific predictors such as worries about being infected and conditions for working at home were analyzed using analysis of (co)variance and multiple regression. RESULTS Conditions at work and well-being were stable overall, even indicating slight improvements, notably for men compared with women. Both an index representing stressors and resources at work in general (Job Stress Index) and a COVID-19-related demand index showed consistent effects on health and the effect of COVID-19-related demands was stronger if the Job Stress Index deteriorated than when it improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibylle Galliker
- From the Institute of Psychology, Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Bern, Switzerland (S.G., I.I., N.K.S., A.E.); Leadership and Communication Study, Military Academy, ETH Zurich, Switzerland (I.I.); and National Centre of Competence in Research, Affective Sciences, CISA, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (N.K.S., A.E.)
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Diehl E, Mülder LM, Imm C, Kegel P, Tolksdorf M, Wiegand HF, Röthke N, Tüscher O, Lieb K, Walter H, Liebe S, Maicher B, Hellwig S, Adorjan K, Unterecker S, Beutel M, Rose DM. Counseling and support services for healthcare workers in German university hospitals during the pandemic-descriptive results of a Germany-wide cross-sectional survey. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1186929. [PMID: 37637807 PMCID: PMC10447889 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1186929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, healthcare workers (HCWs) are experiencing tremendous levels of emotional and physical stress. Hospitals are trying to help personnel cope with work-related pressure. The aim of this study was to assess HCWs' awareness and utilization of counseling and support services during the pandemic, HCWs' unmet counseling and support needs, and the type and content of these services. Methods A cross-sectional online survey was conducted from January to June 2021 through the German national research organization Network University Medicine (NUM). All participating hospitals (6 in total) were asked to inform their employees about the study. Results A total of 1,495 HCWs were included in the analysis. Of these, 42.8% (n = 637) were frontline HCWs (who had contact with COVID-19 patients), 23.1% (n = 344) were second-line HCWs (who only had contact with non-COVID-19 patients) and 34.1% (n = 508) had no contact with any patients. Participating hospitals offer various counseling and support services for their staff. The percentage of respondents who were unaware of available counseling and support services ranged from 5.0 to 42.0%. Depending on the type of counseling and support services, 23.0-53.6% of the respondents indicated that counseling and support services were provided but not used, while 1.7-11.6% indicated that, despite the need for them, such services were not available. HCWs' overall satisfaction with the provided counseling and support services and their unmet support needs differed by patient contact: Frontline HCWs reported more unmet needs for counseling and support than second-line HCWs, while second-line HCWs reported more unmet needs than HCWs without patient contact. Conclusion The results indicate that hospitals should make more efforts to inform HCWs about available counseling and support services. Hospitals could also create networks where HCWs could share information about the type and content of services and their experiences with various counseling and support services. These steps would enable hospitals to respond more quickly and effectively to the problems facing HCWs during pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Diehl
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Lina Marie Mülder
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Work, Organizational and Business Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Carolin Imm
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Peter Kegel
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Marian Tolksdorf
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hauke Felix Wiegand
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Röthke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Oliver Tüscher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Resilience (LIR), Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus Lieb
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Resilience (LIR), Mainz, Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Liebe
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Dresden, Germany
| | - Birgit Maicher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sabine Hellwig
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Centre Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kristina Adorjan
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Unterecker
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Beutel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dirk-Matthias Rose
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Costa A, Caldas de Almeida T, Fialho M, Rasga C, Martiniano H, Santos O, Virgolino A, Vicente AM, Heitor MJ. Mental Health of Healthcare Professionals: Two Years of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Portugal. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3131. [PMID: 36833822 PMCID: PMC9968046 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic increased psychosocial risk factors among healthcare professionals (HCPs). Objective: To characterize Portuguese HCPs mental health (MH), estimate anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and burnout symptoms, and identify risk/protective factors. A cross-sectional online survey and a longitudinal assessment were conducted in 2020 (T0) and 2021 (T1). Sociodemographic and occupational variables, COVID-19-related experiences and protective behavior data were collected from a non-probabilistic sample of HCPs in Portugal. Symptoms of anxiety, depression, PTSD, burnout and resilience were assessed using the Portuguese versions of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-5), the Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure (MBSM) and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10), respectively. Risk and protective factors were identified through simple and multiple logistic regression models. Overall, 2027 participants answered the survey in T0 and 1843 in T1. The percentage of moderate-to-severe symptoms decreased from T0 to T1; however, a considerable proportion of HCPs reported symptoms of distress in both years. Being a woman, working in a COVID-19-treatment frontline position and work-life balance increased the odds of distress. High resilience, good social/family support, and hobbies/lifestyle maintenance were found to be protective factors. Globally, our results show that performing as a HCP during the pandemic may result in long-term effects on MH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Costa
- Departamento de Promoção da Saúde e Prevenção de Doenças Não-Transmissíveis, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Teresa Caldas de Almeida
- Departamento de Promoção da Saúde e Prevenção de Doenças Não-Transmissíveis, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mónica Fialho
- Environmental Health Behaviour Lab, Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado TERRA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Célia Rasga
- Departamento de Promoção da Saúde e Prevenção de Doenças Não-Transmissíveis, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal
- BioISI–Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Hugo Martiniano
- Departamento de Promoção da Saúde e Prevenção de Doenças Não-Transmissíveis, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal
- BioISI–Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Osvaldo Santos
- Environmental Health Behaviour Lab, Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado TERRA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
- Unbreakable Idea Research, 2550-426 Painho, Portugal
| | - Ana Virgolino
- Environmental Health Behaviour Lab, Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado TERRA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Astrid Moura Vicente
- Departamento de Promoção da Saúde e Prevenção de Doenças Não-Transmissíveis, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal
- BioISI–Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria João Heitor
- Environmental Health Behaviour Lab, Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado TERRA, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
- Departamento de Psiquiatria e Saúde Mental, Hospital Beatriz Ângelo, 2674-514 Loures, Portugal
- Sociedade Portuguesa de Psiquiatria e Saúde Mental, 1050-096 Lisboa, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Saúde (CIIS), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 2635-631 Sintra, Portugal
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