Attitudes in an interpersonal context: Psychological safety as a route to attitude change

Enhancing Healthcare Accountability for Administrators: Fostering Transparency for Patient Safety and Quality Enhancement

Transparency in healthcare organizations is essential for creating a culture of patient-centered care where patients are respected, informed, and actively engaged in their health and well-being. Organizational transparency is a crucial element in healthcare, enhancing patient safety and quality improvement. Transparency involves open communication about healthcare organizations' performance, outcomes, and processes, leading to improved accountability, trust, and patient engagement. Transparent organizations prioritize patient-centered care, involving patients in decision-making and fostering shared mental models between healthcare providers and patients. Psychological safety is vital for organizational transparency. Patient safety reporting systems play a key role in transparency, allowing anonymous reporting of safety concerns and incidents. These systems facilitate early risk identification, continuous improvement, and compliance with regulatory requirements. Transparency in reporting encourages a culture of openness, learning from near misses, and addressing systemic issues and human errors. It aligns with ethical principles, potentially mitigating legal challenges. This review synthesizes key themes, including the importance of patient-centered care, the role of psychological safety in fostering transparency, and the effectiveness of patient safety reporting systems.

Investigating medical student's attitudes about road accident risks: A cross-sectional study

Background and Aims

Given that unsafe human actions are the main cause of accidents, it is essential to comprehend the attitudes of medical students toward the risks of road accidents, particularly given their potential influence as future healthcare professionals. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the attitudes of medical students towards road accidents.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 Zahedan University of Medical Sciences students in 2021 as available sampling. The required information was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire with a content validity ratio of 0.9, a content validity index of 0.9-0.8, and a reliability (α) of 0.79, which was presented online in the university systems. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 23 software, data description was done as frequency and percentage, and analytical analysis was done with the χ 2 test.

Results

The average age of the participants was 21.7 (4.2) years; 45.7% of the participants were male and 11.3% were married; 79.7% had less than 300 km of driving experience; 76% had less than 3 years since receiving their license; 14% stated that they drive faster than others; 18.3% reported a history of fines; and 28.3% reported an accident history. The most incorrect attitudes of students regarding low-risk using mobile phones (86%), text sending (84.3%), eating and drinking while driving (74.6%), driving after consuming alcohol or drugs (73%), and driving when tired and sleepy (85.4%) were reported.

Conclusion

Based on the results, it is suggested to plan to correct wrong attitudes, especially among young and educated drivers, through education and culture, so that we can move in the direction of reducing accidents.

Patient engagement with psychological safety

Psychological safety is a multidimensional, dynamic phenomenon that concerns team members' perception of whether it is safe to take interpersonal risks at work. It is particularly important within health care teams who need to work interdependently to coordinate safe patient care within a highly complex, variable and high-stakes work environment. High levels of psychological safety have clear benefits for patient safety by improving the delivery of clinical care and promoting health care providers' job satisfaction and well-being. Feeling psychologically safe can enable team members to engage in speaking up behavior, such as asking questions, pointing out mistakes, or reporting errors. Several studies have explored psychological safety in health care teams and its impact on patient safety. These studies have highlighted the importance of psychological safety in health care organizations and provided strategies for promoting psychological safety. Psychological safety in health care involvement with patients can improve patient engagement.

Listening and attitude change

We review research on the role of high-quality listening behavior in attitude change. We examine how listening behaviors can impact attitudes and the mechanisms underlying these effects. The article discusses research that explicitly examines high-quality listening, as well as research that examines behaviors that may indicate high-quality listening or that incorporates high-quality listening into larger interventions. The reviewed research suggests that receiving high-quality listening increases psychological safety and open-minded self-reflection, leading people to consider perspectives they otherwise would not. This in turn leads to less extreme, clearer, and more nuanced views on the topic of conversation. Finally, we highlight the need for further research to better understand the role of listening in attitude change, particularly in non-western cultures.