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Xiao J, Huang S, Wang Q, Tan S, Chen L, Yuan H, Xiang D, Zhang B, Li X, Guo Y, Huang H, Li Q, Liao Y, Tan Y, Cheng Y, Lu H, Xu P. Sustainable Implementation of Physician-Pharmacist Collaborative Clinics for Diabetes Management in Primary Healthcare Centers: A Qualitative Study. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2024:10.1007/s44197-024-00244-2. [PMID: 38780894 DOI: 10.1007/s44197-024-00244-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although physician-pharmacist collaborative clinics for diabetes management have been shown to be effective and cost-effective worldwide, there is limited understanding of the factors that influence their sustainable implementation. This study aims to identify the associated factors and provide sustainability strategy to better implement physician-pharmacist collaborative clinics for diabetes management in primary healthcare centers in China. METHODS A sample of 43 participants were participated in face-to-face, in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research was used to identify facilitators and barriers to implementing physician-pharmacist collaborative clinics for diabetes management in primary healthcare centers, and to explore discriminating factors between low and high implementation units. A sustainable strategy repository based on dynamic sustainability framework was established to inform further implementation. RESULTS This study demonstrated that clear recognition of intervention benefits, urgent needs of patients, adaptive and tailored plan, highly collaborative teamwork and leadership support were the major facilitators, while the major barriers included process complexity, large number and poor health literacy of patients in primary areas, inappropriate staffing arrangements, weak financial incentives and inadequate staff competencies. Six constructs were identified to distinguish between high and low implementation units. Sixteen strategies were developed to foster the implementation of physician-pharmacist collaborative clinics, targeting Intervention, Practice setting, and Ecological system. CONCLUSION This qualitative study demonstrated facilitators and barriers to implementing physician-pharmacist collaborative clinics for diabetes management in primary healthcare centers and developed theory-based strategies for further promotion, which has the potential to improve the management of diabetes and other chronic diseases in under-resourced areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, CN, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, CN, China
| | - Shuting Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, CN, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, CN, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, CN, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, CN, China
| | - Shenglan Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, CN, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, CN, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, CN, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, CN, China
| | - Haiyan Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, CN, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, CN, China
| | - Daxiong Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, CN, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, CN, China
| | - Bikui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, CN, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, CN, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Endocrine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, CN, China
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Taoyuan People's Hospital, Changde, CN, China
| | - Haiying Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Liuyang, Changsha, CN, China
| | - Qun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second People's Hospital of Huaihua, Huaihua, CN, China
| | - Yaqi Liao
- Department of Pharmacy, Taoyuan People's Hospital, Changde, CN, China
| | - Yuhan Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, CN, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, CN, China
| | - Yining Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, CN, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, CN, China
| | - Hao Lu
- Intemed Hospital Management & Development (Beijing) Centre, Beijing, CN, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, CN, China.
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, CN, China.
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Li J, Ao L, Pan J. Satisfaction with clinical pathway implementation versus job performance of clinicians: empirical evidence on the mediating role of work engagement from public hospitals in Sichuan, China. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:348. [PMID: 38493290 PMCID: PMC10943885 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-10856-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The job performance of clinicians is a clear indicator of both hospital capacity and the level of hospital service. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the effectiveness and quality of medical care. Clinical pathways are a systematic method of quality improvement successfully recommended by broader healthcare systems. Since clinicians play a key role in implementing clinical pathways in public hospitals, this study aims to investigate the effect of the satisfaction of clinicians in public hospitals with clinical pathway implementation on their job performance. METHODS A cross-sectional study design was used. Questionnaires were administered online. A total of 794 clinicians completed the questionnaires in seven tertiary public hospitals in Sichuan Province, China, of which 723 were valid for analysis. Questionnaires contained questions on social demographic characteristics, satisfaction with clinical pathway implementation, work engagement, and job performance. Structural Equation Model (SEM) was used to test the hypotheses. RESULTS The satisfaction of clinicians in public hospitals with clinical pathway implementation was significantly positively correlated with work engagement (r = 0.570, P < 0.01) and job performance (r = 0.522, P < 0.01). A strong indirect effect of clinicians' satisfaction with clinical pathway implementation on job performance mediated by work engagement was observed, and the value of this effect was 0.383 (boot 95%CI [0.323, 0.448]). CONCLUSION The satisfaction of clinicians in public hospitals with clinical pathway implementation not only directly influences their job performance, but also indirectly affects it through the mediating variable of work engagement. Therefore, managers of public hospitals need to pay close attention to clinicians' evaluation and perception of the clinical pathway implementation. This entails taking adequate measures, such as providing strong organizational support and creating a favorable environment for the clinical pathway implementation. Additionally, focusing on teamwork to increase clinicians' satisfaction can further enhance job performance. Furthermore, managers should give higher priority to increasing employees' work engagement to improve clinicians' job performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlong Li
- HEOA Group, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Vocational College of Health and Rehabilitation, Zigong, China
| | - Lu Ao
- HEOA Group, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jay Pan
- HEOA Group, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Wasson RS, O'Brien WH, Dietrich KM. Virtual Wellness Workshop for Medical Students: Effects on Healthy Lifestyle Behavior. PRIMER (LEAWOOD, KAN.) 2024; 8:18. [PMID: 38681804 PMCID: PMC11051690 DOI: 10.22454/primer.2024.293111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Medical students experience high levels of stress, burnout, depression, suicidal ideation, and compassion fatigue. Mindfulness interventions in this population have demonstrated improvement in psychological outcomes. However, it is unclear if these improvements are maintained. Evaluation of changes in lifestyle behaviors may provide insight into factors that sustain improvements. Specific aims of this study were to (1) assess feasibility and acceptability of an innovative, virtual program involving experiential learning, social support, and motivational interviewing; and (2) evaluate preliminary healthy lifestyle behaviors and psychological outcomes from preprogram to postprogram and 4-week follow-up. Methods We used a mixed-methods approach to investigate feasibility, acceptability, and effects of the virtual program using validated measures and open-ended questions. Participants were 20 first- and second-year medical students at one Midwestern US medical college who participated between October 2020 and December 2020. Participants were enrolled in one of two groups for the 8-week program via Webex. Participants completed surveys at preprogram, postprogram, and 4-week follow-up. They also completed weekly home practice assessments. Results Nineteen of 20 participants completed the program (95% retention rate). All participants attended six or more sessions. Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed that participants had significant improvements in healthy lifestyle behaviors, burnout, self-compassion, and stress across time. Results were supported by qualitative themes of increased social support, wellness skills, and overall positive experiences. Conclusion Findings suggest that the virtual program was feasible and acceptable to medical students, and improved healthy lifestyle behaviors and psychological outcomes that were maintained or increased at 4-week follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - William H O'Brien
- Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH
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Edelmann CM, Boen F, Stouten J, Vande Broek G, Fransen K. The Power of Peer Leaders: Exploring the Link between Peer Leadership Behaviors and Sustainable Work Outcomes. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 14:2. [PMID: 38275344 PMCID: PMC10813210 DOI: 10.3390/bs14010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Most leadership studies primarily focus on formal leaders, often overlooking the influence of leaders within the team. While prior research has shown that peer leaders can have a beneficial impact on various team outcomes, it is yet unclear which peer leadership behaviors precisely foster a supportive and sustainable work environment. Building upon the recent identification of 10 peer leadership roles and 37 underlying functions, the current study aims to investigate the relationships between these peer leadership roles and functions and key outcomes (i.e., job satisfaction, team cohesion, team effectiveness, and OCB). A total of 31 organizational teams, comprising 182 employees from diverse sectors, participated in a quantitative survey. Employing multilevel modeling analysis, the findings demonstrated that each leadership role and nearly every function predicted at least one outcome, highlighting their significance within organizational teams. Additionally, Necessary Condition Analysis revealed that specific roles and functions were necessary for generating one or more outcomes. Finally, we found that most of the significant relationships remained consistent across teams, regardless of their size, tenure, or level of team identification. These findings refine our understanding of shared leadership and how peer leaders can create a sustainable workplace by fostering employee well-being and productivity in organizational teams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte M. Edelmann
- Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101, P.O. Box 1500, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; (F.B.); (G.V.B.)
| | - Filip Boen
- Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101, P.O. Box 1500, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; (F.B.); (G.V.B.)
| | - Jeroen Stouten
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Dekenstraat 2, P.O. Box 3725, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Gert Vande Broek
- Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101, P.O. Box 1500, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; (F.B.); (G.V.B.)
| | - Katrien Fransen
- Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101, P.O. Box 1500, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; (F.B.); (G.V.B.)
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