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Huang W, Wu P, Li J, Zhou Y, Xiong Z, Su P, Wan Y, Tao F, Sun Y. Effectiveness of a universal resilience-focused intervention for children in the school setting: A randomized controlled trial. J Affect Disord 2024; 368:695-703. [PMID: 39299585 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychological resilience can be augmented through the acquisition of specific cognitive or emotional regulation skills, enabling children to adapt to or recover from stressful events, disadvantages, or adversities. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a Tianchang Resilience-focused inTervention program (TRT1 program) on resilience and mental health conditions of Chinese children. METHODS This study was a two-arm cluster-randomized controlled trial, performed in Tianchang, a county in China. Students from 20 classes in a local primary school (aged 8.7-11.2 years) were randomly allocated to receive a resilience-focused intervention or waitlist group. The intervention comprised weekly 40-min sessions for 14 weeks and co-led by lay counsellors. Measures of emotional symptoms, behavioral difficulties, and resilience were collected at pre-, post-intervention, 6-months, and 12-months follow-up. RESULTS Between June 16, 2022, and September 4, 2022, 775 eligible students were recruited (mean age 9.93 years; 420 [54.2 %] boys). Relative to the waitlist group (N = 391), the intervention group (N = 384) reported a significant reduction in depressive and anxiety symptoms at post-intervention (all p < 0.001), 6-months (p = 0.007; p = 0.002) and 12-months follow-up (p = 0.018; p = 0.018), respectively. The intervention group effects were also observed on resilience at post-intervention follow-up (p = 0.006), and remained stable over 6-months (p < 0.001) and 12-months follow-up (p = 0.022). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that the TRT program, a universal resilience-focused intervention for children in the school setting, showed long-term effectiveness in improving resilience and mental health conditions. This minimally trained laypersons-delivered intervention might enhance the program's generalizability to other communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Huang
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Peipei Wu
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zhou Xiong
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Puyu Su
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health across the Life Course, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yuhui Wan
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health across the Life Course, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China; Center for Big Data and Population Health of Institute of Health and Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health across the Life Course, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China; Center for Big Data and Population Health of Institute of Health and Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China; Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health across the Life Course, Hefei, Anhui Province, China.
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Han SJ, Yeun YR. Psychological Intervention to Promote Resilience in Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 12:73. [PMID: 38200980 PMCID: PMC10778738 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12010073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Nurses primarily focus on caring for others, but they also require care and support to enhance their own resilience. Thus, this study aims to determine the effects of psychological interventions on nurses' resilience support and to define the influence of moderating variables that can affect these effects. The literature search was conducted in 10 electronic databases, and 5 randomized controlled trials and 10 non-randomized controlled trials were finally selected for analysis (a total of 852 participants). Statistical analyses of the effect sizes and homogeneity of the intervention programs were conducted using RevMan 5.3 from the Cochrane Library and the R program. Publication bias in the retrieved studies was tested using contour-enhanced funnel plots. The meta-analysis found that psychological interventions were effective in improving nurses' resilience immediately after the intervention (SMD = 0.59, 95% CI 0.31 to 0.86, Z = 4.18, p < 0.001) and in the short term within three months (SMD = 1.52, 95% CI 0.74 to 2.31, Z = 3.80, p < 0.001). Interventions using emotion regulation, relaxation, and self-compassion were particularly effective, and the intervention period was effective in both a short period of 1 day and a long period of more than 12 weeks. In addition, the optimal one-session time was 121-150 min, and offline interventions were more effective than online interventions. Furthermore, the effect size was affected by the intervention time for one session (QB = 12.02, df = 3, p = 0.007) and the on/offline intervention method (QB = 5.85, df = 1, p = 0.015). These findings may inform the development of targeted interventions and resilience support systems for nurses. However, in the future, more rigorous studies, such as randomized controlled trials, should be conducted to ensure strict control over the variables and to establish a stronger evidence base for the effectiveness of these interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk-Jung Han
- College of Nursing, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea;
| | - Young-Ran Yeun
- College of Nursing, Kangwon National University, Samcheok 25649, Republic of Korea
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