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Li W, Li Q. Psychometric properties of the chinese version of the value-based stigma inventory (VASI): a translation and validation study. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:550. [PMID: 39112959 PMCID: PMC11308479 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05998-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to develop a culturally adapted Chinese version of the Value-based Stigma Inventory (VASI) and to evaluate its psychometric properties, including reliability and validity, among the general Chinese population. METHODS This study is a cross-sectional study. Convenience sampling was used to recruit 708 general citizens from Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China. The VASI's internal consistency, split-half reliability, and test-retest reliability were tested to assess the translated scale's reliability. Several validity tests were performed, including expert consultation, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, United States) and AMOS 23.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, United States). RESULTS The Chinese version of the VASI showed good reliability, with a Cronbach's α value of 0.808, and the dimensions ranged from 0.812 to 0.850. Test-retest reliability showed good temporal stability with a value of 0.855, and the split-half reliability value was 0.845, indicating a high degree of consistency. The scale also demonstrated good content validity with a content validity index of 0.952. After conducting exploratory factor analysis, a five-factor structure was identified, including factors of self-realization, personal enrichment, reputation, meritocratic values, and security. In the confirmatory factor analysis, all recommended fit indicators were found to be within the acceptable range, including χ2/DF = 1.338, GFI = 0.960, AGFI = 0.940, RMSEA = 0.031, TLI = 0.985, CFI = 0.989, IFI = 0.989, PGFI = 0.640, and PNFI = 0.729. CONCLUSION The Chinese version of the VASI is valid and reliable among the Chinese general public. The five-factor structured scale effectively assessed public stigma against mental illness, including the value orientations associated with personal stigma. Given the harsh and widespread public stigma against mental illness, the findings from the questionnaire may inform the development of future public health education programs. Public health education is needed to reduce the stigma of mental illness, increase public awareness of mental health issues, and mitigate the continued stigmatization of mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Qiujie Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.
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Nohr L, Dumke L, Klein EM, Wilker S. [Current Outpatient Psychotherapeutic Care for People with Migration and Refugee Experience in Germany - An Overview]. Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol 2024; 74:205-213. [PMID: 38865996 DOI: 10.1055/a-2304-8902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Although mental health is a human right, even in a country with a well-developed healthcare system like Germany, it is not possible to ensure non-discriminatory access to mental health care for all people, regardless of their origin. For individuals with a history of flight or migration it is particularly difficult to gain access to adequate psychotherapeutic care. This review addresses key barriers contributing to the lack of outpatient care for people with a history of flight or migration. Lack of knowledge about the treatment system, fear of stigma, structural barriers, language barriers, lack of networking of healthcare providers, lack of knowledge of mental health practitioners, as well as stereotypes, discrimination, and racism towards people with a refugee or migration history were identified as the most important barriers with sufficient evidence. Innovative concepts such as peer support can enable non-discriminatory treatment access. In addition, there is an urgent need to train the profession of psychotherapists in racism- and discrimination-sensitive work and to integrate these aspects into psychotherapeutic education and training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Nohr
- Klinisch-Psychologische Intervention, Freie Universität Berlin Fachbereich Erziehungswissenschaft und Psychologie, Berlin
| | - Lars Dumke
- Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Universität Bielefeld Fakultät für Psychologie und Sportwissenschaft, Bielefeld
| | - Eva M Klein
- Klinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg
| | - Sarah Wilker
- Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Universität Bielefeld Fakultät für Psychologie und Sportwissenschaft, Bielefeld
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Gaolaolwe W, Manyedi E, Serapelwane M. Family members' experiences of courtesy stigma associated with mental illness. Health SA 2023; 28:2184. [PMID: 37670747 PMCID: PMC10476503 DOI: 10.4102/hsag.v28i0.2184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The stigma of mental illness has been in existence from medieval times to date and it is extended to families of people diagnosed with mental illness. Families with a member diagnosed with a mental illness experience courtesy stigma of mental illness and it affects the quality of their lives. Aim This study aimed to explore and describe the experiences of courtesy stigma of families with a member diagnosed with a mental illness in Lobatse, Botswana. Setting The study was conducted at a psychiatric hospital in Lobatse, Botswana. Methods A qualitative contextual phenomenological design was used for this study. The population comprised of members from families with a person diagnosed with a mental illness and the sample size was 15 participants. Semi-structured in-depth individual interviews were conducted telephonically. Results The study yielded three main themes and related subthemes. The themes were: families' experiences of received stigma, families' experiences of stigma by association, and families' experiences of internal stigma. Conclusion Families with a member diagnosed with mental illness experience received stigma, associated stigma and internal stigma. The families experienced that they received dehumanising labels from the public because of their association with their mentally ill family members. Contribution With the insights gained from the findings of this study, programmes can be developed that raise awareness on stigma of mental illness and to promote support of families of people diagnosed with a mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wada Gaolaolwe
- Department of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing, Lobatse Institute of Health Sciences, Lobatse, Botswana
| | - Eva Manyedi
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Mafikeng, South Africa
| | - Maserapelo Serapelwane
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Mafikeng, South Africa
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Lazaridou F, Fernando S. Deconstructing institutional racism and the social construction of whiteness: A strategy for professional competence training in culture and migration mental health. Transcult Psychiatry 2022; 59:175-187. [PMID: 35373653 PMCID: PMC9026223 DOI: 10.1177/13634615221087101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The position presented in this article draws on the professional insights of the authors, reflecting on issues of global political importance in culture and migration mental health. As institutional theory perspectives continue to develop, solutions to complex social problems such as racism require embodied knowledge if the lines of authority and basic occupational routines are to be meaningfully renegotiated. Embodied knowledge is socially situated and self-reflexive and reflects cumulative and marginalized experiences that contribute to a better understanding of institutional racism and the social construction of whiteness. The authors foreground the development of critical consciousness and emotional literacy in order to be more professionally competent in institutional contexts of mental health training, education and practice. To this end, elements of due process, transparency, inclusiveness, community engagement and accountability are at the center of a political and intellectual movement towards epistemological justice to promote antiracism and social justice in culture and migration mental health. The authors define decolonial intersectionality as a clear philosophical vision outlining how best to respond to those at risk of experiencing racism and the associated mental health burdens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicia Lazaridou
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 14903Charité University of Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Suman Fernando
- School of Social Sciences, 4904London Metropolitan University, London, UK
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Doll CM, Michel C, Betz LT, Schimmelmann BG, Schultze-Lutter F. The Important Role of Stereotypes in the relation between Mental Health Literacy and Stigmatization of Depression and Psychosis in the Community. Community Ment Health J 2022; 58:474-486. [PMID: 34037914 PMCID: PMC8860791 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-021-00842-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Increased mental health literacy (MHL) has not reduced stigmatization of people with mental disorder. Thus, we examined the role of stereotypes in the interplay of MHL (correct labelling, causal explanations) and the wish for social distance (WSD) from people with depressive and psychotic symptoms in a community sample of 1526 German-speaking participants in the Swiss 'Bern Epidemiological At-Risk' study (age 16-40 years; response rate: 60.1%). Following the presentation of an unlabelled case vignette of depression or psychosis, MHL, stereotypes and WSD were assessed in a questionnaire survey. Their interrelations were studied using structural equation modelling. MHL was not directly linked to WSD, only the psychosocial causal model was directly negatively associated with WSD. Perceived dangerousness particularly increased WSD, this was increased by a biogenetic causal model and decreased by a psychosocial causal model. Awareness-campaigns that, next to biological causes, emphasize psychosocial causes of mental disorders might better reduce stigmatization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin M Doll
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany. .,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Chantal Michel
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Linda T Betz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Benno G Schimmelmann
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frauke Schultze-Lutter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Psychology, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Evaluations for medical diagnoses phenomena through $$2\times 2$$ linguistic neutrosophic environment-based game situation. Soft comput 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00500-022-06881-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Feldhege JM, Gulec H, Moessner M, Stieler C, van Stipelen J, Bauer S. Stigmatization and attitudes toward eating disorders: a comparison between native German adolescents, Turkish immigrant adolescents in Germany, and native Turkish adolescents. J Ment Health 2021; 31:99-108. [PMID: 34569396 DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2021.1979484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The purpose of this study was to investigate the attitudes toward eating disorders in native German adolescents (Germans), adolescents with Turkish migration background in Germany (Immigrants), and native Turkish adolescents (Turks). METHOD A total of 507 adolescents (N = 139 Germans; N = 126 Immigrants; N = 242 Turks) read a vignette describing a 16-year-old female with bulimic symptoms. Participants completed questionnaires on mental health literacy, stigmatization, desirability of eating disorder-related behaviors and acquaintance with bulimic symptoms. RESULTS Adolescents living in Germany were more likely to recognize the vignette as an eating disorder than Turks. Immigrants were more similar to Germans in mental health literacy of eating disorders than Turks. However, in terms of stigmatizing attitudes, immigrants blamed more than Germans, Turks being intermediate on this variable. In Turks, higher desirability of eating disorder-related behaviors was associated with an increased acquaintance with bulimic symptoms and decreased evaluations of impairment. Higher mental health literacy was associated with less blame in Germans. CONCLUSIONS Migration background was associated with increased mental health literacy of eating disorders but did not result in reduced stigma. Differences in attitudes toward eating disorders indicate the need for differential interventions across the groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hayriye Gulec
- Department of Psychology, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Markus Moessner
- Center for Psychotherapy Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christiane Stieler
- Klinik für Suchttherapie und Entwöhnung, Psychiatrisches Zentrum Nordbaden, Wiesloch, Germany
| | - Jhana van Stipelen
- Refugio Villingen-Schwenningen e. V., Psychosoziales Zentrum für traumatisierte Flüchtlinge, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
| | - Stephanie Bauer
- Center for Psychotherapy Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Al-Natour A, Abuhammad S, Al-Modallal H. Religiosity and stigma toward patients with mental illness among undergraduate university students. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06565. [PMID: 33842707 PMCID: PMC8020419 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a dearth of research that investigates the relationship between religiosity and stigma of mental illnesses by the context of Jordanian culture. So, this study aimed to describe the relationship between religiosity and stigma against mental illnesses as described by undergraduate university students in Jordan. This study design was descriptive correlations study among 338 University Students, undergraduate students in Jordan. The findings indicate there is a significant correlation (r = - 0.154, p < 0.05) between stigma toward patient with mental illnesses and religiosity. The higher religiosity score is associated with more negativity toward stigma of patient with mental illnesses. Also, the findings indicated there was a significant difference between medical and non-medical student's specialty area and stigma toward patients with mental illnesses (t = 111.14, p = 0.01). Non-medical students reported more stigma for patients with mental illnesses. Stigma against patient with mental illnesses should be addressed at different levels. Cultural competency curriculum should be established for medical and non-medical students to assure more acceptance attitudes and avoidance of stigma against patients with mental illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahlam Al-Natour
- College of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Sawsan Abuhammad
- College of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Hanan Al-Modallal
- Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
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von dem Knesebeck O, Lehmann M, Löwe B, Lüdecke D. Causal attributions for somatic symptom disorder. J Psychosom Res 2020; 129:109910. [PMID: 31887458 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2019.109910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Two research questions will be addressed: (1) What does the German public think about possible causes of somatic symptom disorder (SSD) and are there differences in causal attributions according to symptom and course of SSD? (2) Are causal attributions associated with beliefs about treatment and stigmatizing attitudes? METHODS Two vignettes with symptoms of SSD were used in a national telephone survey in Germany (N = 1004). Vignettes differed regarding main type of symptom (pain vs. fatigue) and existence of an earlier somatic disease (yes vs. no). Respondents were asked about their agreement with five causal beliefs (broken home, heredity, lack of willpower, work stress, and misinterpretation of body signals). RESULTS About 90% of the respondents agreed that work stress is a possible cause of the SSD symptoms. Agreement was significantly more pronounced in case of a person with fatigue and an earlier severe somatic disease. A quarter endorsed lack of willpower as a possible cause. Lack of willpower was associated with a significant increase of desire for social distance in both vignettes. Work stress was associated with a significantly increased likelihood of positively evaluating the effectiveness of psychotherapy in both cases of SSD. CONCLUSIONS Public beliefs about causes of SSD are associated with stigma and treatment beliefs. Emphasising work stress as a cause may promote the belief that psychotherapy is effective for treatment of SSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaf von dem Knesebeck
- Institute of Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Marco Lehmann
- Institute and Outpatients Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Martinistr. 52, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Löwe
- Institute and Outpatients Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Martinistr. 52, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Lüdecke
- Institute of Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
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