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Umezaki Y, Egashira R, Motomura H, Tu TT, Naito T. Relationship Between Clinical Course of Treatment for Burning Mouth Syndrome in Early Period and Aggression Using Rosenzweig Picture Frustration Study: A Retrospective Observational Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e60174. [PMID: 38868272 PMCID: PMC11167400 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is characterized by a chronic, ongoing sensation of intraoral burning or discomfort without causative lesions. This study sought to examine the relationship between personality traits in patients with BMS using the Rosenzweig Picture Frustration (PF) study, a projective psychological test, and their progress in treatment. METHODS Data were collected from outpatients diagnosed with BMS at our clinic between April 2017 and March 2021. The data were analyzed for 28 patients with BMS, of which nine showed improvement earlier than three months (early responders; ER), and the others did not (non-early responders; NER). RESULTS The mean visual analog scale (VAS scores for BMS pain at the first visit were 52.8 in the ER and 59.6 in NER (n.s.). No significant differences were detected in the type and direction of aggression between ER and NER in the PF study. In contrast, the group conformity score of the ER (63.7%) was significantly higher than that of the NER (51.4%). CONCLUSIONS Personal traits reflected in the PF study may have affected the course of improvement in the BMS. To understand the characteristics of patients with BMS and achieve more favorable treatment outcomes, further study on their personality organization is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yojiro Umezaki
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, JPN
| | - Rui Egashira
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, JPN
| | - Haruhiko Motomura
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, JPN
| | - Trang T Tu
- Department of Basic Dental Sciences, Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, VNM
| | - Toru Naito
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, JPN
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Takao C, Watanabe M, Nayanar G, Tu T, Umezaki Y, Takenoshita M, Motomura H, Nagamine T, Toyofuku A. Clinical Features and Variations of Pain Expressions in 834 Burning Mouth Syndrome Patients With or Without Psychiatric Comorbidities. Cureus 2023; 15:e51139. [PMID: 38283479 PMCID: PMC10811297 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is characterized as chronic burning pain or unpleasant discomfort in the oral region without any corresponding clinical abnormalities. The aim of this study is to investigate the difference in clinical features and the variations of pain expressions between BMS patients with and without psychiatric comorbidities. Methodology The patients with BMS who first visited between April 2016 and March 2020 were involved and the clinical data including the presence of psychiatric comorbidities and scores of self-rating depression scale (SDS), pain catastrophizing scale (PCS), and pain quality from short-form McGill pain questionnaire (SF-MPQ) were collected retrospectively. Results In 834 patients with BMS (700 females, 63.9 ± 13.1 years old), 371 patients (44.5%) had psychiatric comorbidities. There was no significant between-group difference in demographic data. However, significantly higher scores were observed in SDS (p < 0.001) and PCS (p < 0.001) in the patients with psychiatric comorbidities. Moreover, the patients with psychiatric comorbidities showed significantly stronger pain intensity (p < 0.001) besides higher scores of each descriptor in SF-MPQ. In addition, they had chosen more descriptors in SF-MPQ (p < 0.001); furthermore, the number of selected pain descriptors showed a stronger correlation with PCS than with SDS regardless of the presence of psychiatric comorbidities. Conclusion BMS patients may complain of various pain expressions regardless of the psychiatric comorbidities; however, more severe complaints relating to high pain catastrophizing are more likely in patients with psychiatric comorbidities. These results suggested that underlying anxiety exacerbated the variety of pain expressions in BMS patients with psychiatric comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Takao
- Department of Psychosomatic Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, JPN
| | - Motoko Watanabe
- Department of Psychosomatic Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, JPN
| | - Gayatri Nayanar
- Department of Psychosomatic Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, JPN
| | - Trang Tu
- Department of Basic Dental Science, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, VNM
- Department of Psychosomatic Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, JPN
| | - Yojiro Umezaki
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, JPN
| | - Miho Takenoshita
- Department of Psychosomatic Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, JPN
| | - Haruhiko Motomura
- Department of Psychosomatic Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, JPN
| | - Takahiko Nagamine
- Department of Psychiatric Internal Medicine, Sunlight Brain Research Center, Yamaguchi, JPN
- Department of Psychosomatic Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, JPN
| | - Akira Toyofuku
- Department of Psychosomatic Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, JPN
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Scribante A, Pellegrini M, Pulicari F, Ghizzoni M, Modugno FP, Spadari F. Pain Assessment in Oral Medicine through Its Different Dimensions: A Comprehensive Review. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:246. [PMID: 37999011 PMCID: PMC10670171 DOI: 10.3390/dj11110246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Orofacial pain is a complex experience made up of different features and involving various aspects of life. It has demonstrated a connection, especially when chronic, with conditions such as anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders, through paths that still have not been completely clarified. A deep understanding of orofacial pain and its impact on an individual's life is critical for planning accurate diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. This review seeks to provide a comprehensive overview of the components constituting the pain experience, its implications in an individual's life, the different tools for multidimensional pain assessment, and the specific applications for each tool. A comprehensive review was performed using the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science electronic databases. Ninety-five studies, including observational studies, clinical trials, case-control studies, and case reports, were included and analyzed in this review. Orofacial pain assessment exploits several methods, ranging from clinical evaluation to rating scales, questionnaires, and daily diaries. The choice of the correct instrument requires an evaluation of the type of pain experienced, of the patient's characteristics and abilities to complete particular tasks, and finally, of the assessment tool features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Scribante
- Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.G.); (F.P.M.)
| | - Matteo Pellegrini
- Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Dental Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (F.P.); (F.S.)
| | - Federica Pulicari
- Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Dental Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (F.P.); (F.S.)
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via della Commenda 10, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Ghizzoni
- Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.G.); (F.P.M.)
| | - Francesco Paolo Modugno
- Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.G.); (F.P.M.)
| | - Francesco Spadari
- Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Dental Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (F.P.); (F.S.)
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via della Commenda 10, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Grignoli N, La Spina A, Gabutti L. Phantosmia and psychogenic non-epileptic seizures in a patient with burning mouth syndrome suffering from severe depression. BMJ Case Rep 2022; 15:e249843. [PMID: 35672056 PMCID: PMC9174807 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2022-249843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a rare but serious medical condition with important psychiatric comorbidity and specific psychological correlates. Psychopathology related with BMS represents a real challenge for clinical decision-making. In this case, depression is the leading psychiatric diagnosis associated with patient's BMS somatic pain and is driven by anxiety and a dissociative functioning. Facing a complex psychosomatic symptomatology, we offer new clinical perspectives for the screening of psychological traits of BMS. Moreover, we highlight the need to foster interdisciplinarity to improve differential diagnosis and defining an optimal care path. This case report stimulates a reflection on management challenges for the consultation-liaison psychiatry and shows the importance of a person-centred approach when communicating the diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Grignoli
- Servizio Psico-Sociale, Organizzazione Sociopsichiatrica Cantonale, Repubblica e Cantone Ticino, Mendrisio, Ticino, Switzerland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Regional Hospital of Bellinzona and Valleys, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Ticino, Switzerland
| | - Alberto La Spina
- Servizio Psico-Sociale, Organizzazione Sociopsichiatrica Cantonale, Repubblica e Cantone Ticino, Mendrisio, Ticino, Switzerland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Regional Hospital of Bellinzona and Valleys, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Ticino, Switzerland
| | - Luca Gabutti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Regional Hospital of Bellinzona and Valleys, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Ticino, Switzerland
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Canfora F, Calabria E, Pecoraro G, D'Aniello L, Aria M, Gaetano M, Sammartino P, Mignogna MD, Adamo D. The use of self-report questionnaires in an analysis of the multidimensional aspects of pain and a correlation with the psychological profile and quality of life in patients with Burning Mouth Syndrome: a case control study. J Oral Rehabil 2022; 49:890-914. [PMID: 35611463 PMCID: PMC9544557 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background The symptomatology in Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) is complex and it should be considered in accordance with a biopsychosocial model. Objectives To evaluate the multidimensional aspects of pain with a complete battery of tests and to analyse its relationship with potential predictors such as mood disorders, sleep and quality of life. Methods Forty patients with BMS versus an equal number of age and sex‐matched healthy controls were enrolled. The VAS, SF‐MPQ, BPI, PD‐Q, BDI‐II, STAI, PSQI, ESS, SF‐36 and OHIP‐14 were administered. Results The scores of the VAS, SF‐MPQ, BPI, PD‐Q, BDI‐II, STAI, PSQI, SF‐36 and OHIP‐14 were statistically significantly higher in the BMS patients than the controls (p < .001**). A strongly linear correlation between pain (VAS, SF‐MPQ, BPI and PD‐Q) and disease onset (STAI, BDI‐II, PSQI and sub‐items of SF‐36 and OHIP‐14) was found. In the multiple regression analysis, the contributions of the BDI‐II and OHIP‐14 were found to be statistically significant with the SF‐MPQ, PD‐Q and BPI in terms of severity and interference, while the contributions of the STAI and sleep were found to be statistically significant with the SF‐MPQ and BPI in terms of severity and interference, respectively. Conclusions Pain tests are differently correlated with mood and quality of life. Therefore, a complete analysis of the patient requires several tools to better understand the multidimensional aspects of pain in BMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Canfora
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Elena Calabria
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pecoraro
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca D'Aniello
- Department of Social Sciences, University Federico II of Naples, Italy
| | - Massimo Aria
- Department of Economics and Statistics, University Federico II of Naples, Italy
| | - Marenzi Gaetano
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Sammartino
- Head and Neck Clinical Department, AOU San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi di Aragona, Salerno, Italy
| | - Michele Davide Mignogna
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Adamo
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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