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Theodorakis Y, Hassandra M, Panagiotounis F. Enhancing Substance Use Disorder Recovery through Integrated Physical Activity and Behavioral Interventions: A Comprehensive Approach to Treatment and Prevention. Brain Sci 2024; 14:534. [PMID: 38928533 PMCID: PMC11201577 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14060534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The global issue of substance abuse demands ongoing initiatives aligned with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. With drug use remaining prevalent worldwide, interventions are critical to addressing the associated health challenges and societal implications. Exercise and physical activities have emerged as integral components of substance use disorder (SUD) treatment, offering promising avenues for prevention, intervention, and recovery. Recent research underscores the efficacy of exercise in reducing substance cravings, promoting abstinence, and improving overall well-being. However, integrating exercise into SUD recovery programs presents challenges such as dropout rates and cultural considerations. This paper synthesizes existing literature on exercise integration into SUD recovery, highlighting strategies for enhancing treatment outcomes and addressing barriers to exercise adherence. Drawing on cognitive-behavioral therapy, experiential learning, motivational interviewing, and goal-setting techniques, the holistic approach outlined in this paper aims to empower individuals both mentally and physically, fostering resilience and supporting long-term recovery. In conclusion, new initiatives need to be taken by advocating for inclusive policies, promoting community engagement, and fostering collaborations across sectors. By doing so, stakeholders can optimize the effectiveness of exercise programs and contribute to sustainable rehabilitation efforts for individuals with SUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannis Theodorakis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece;
| | - Mary Hassandra
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece;
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Xu C, Zhang Z, Hou D, Wang G, Li C, Ma X, Wang K, Luo H, Zhu M. Effects of exercise interventions on negative emotions, cognitive performance and drug craving in methamphetamine addiction. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1402533. [PMID: 38827441 PMCID: PMC11140390 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1402533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Methamphetamine is currently one of the most commonly used addictive substances with strong addiction and a high relapse rate. This systematic review aims to examine the effectiveness of physical activity in improving negative emotions, cognitive impairment, and drug craving in people with methamphetamine use disorder (MUD). Methods A total of 17 studies out of 133 found from Embase and PubMed were identified, reporting results from 1836 participants from MUD populations. Original research using clearly described physical activity as interventions and reporting quantifiable outcomes of negative mood, cognitive function and drug craving level in people with MUD were eligible for inclusion. We included prospective studies, randomized controlled trials, or intervention studies, focusing on the neurological effects of physical activity on MUD. Results Taken together, the available clinical evidence showed that physical activity-based interventions may be effective in managing MUD-related withdrawal symptoms. Discussion Physical exercise may improve drug rehabilitation efficiency by improving negative emotions, cognitive behaviors, and drug cravings. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42024530359.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conghui Xu
- School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Technological Innovation Centre of Drug Addiction Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Zunyue Zhang
- School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Technological Innovation Centre of Drug Addiction Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Dezhi Hou
- School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- Department of General Surgery I, First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Guangqing Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Education and Corrections, Drug Rehabilitation Administration of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Congbin Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Education and Corrections, Drug Rehabilitation Administration of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Xingfeng Ma
- Department of Rehabilitation Education and Corrections, Drug Rehabilitation Administration of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Kunhua Wang
- School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Technological Innovation Centre of Drug Addiction Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Huayou Luo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Mei Zhu
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Rafful C, Orozco R, Peralta D, Jiménez-Rivagorza L, Medina-Mora ME, Gutiérrez N, Morales-Gutierrez M. Feasibility, acceptability, and perceived usefulness of a community-evidence-based harm reduction intervention for sexualized stimulant use among Mexican gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men. Harm Reduct J 2024; 21:95. [PMID: 38755623 PMCID: PMC11097588 DOI: 10.1186/s12954-024-01020-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of stimulants and other substances with the purpose of enhancing, maintaining, and prolonging sexual activity is known as sexualized substance use. Also known as chemsex, this pattern of use has been mainly explored in high-income countries. The aim of this article was to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and usefulness of a community- evidence-based harm reduction intervention among Mexican gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (gbMSM) adults who reported sexualized stimulant use in the past 6 months and who were not enrolled in any psychosocial treatment. METHODS The in-person intervention was designed in partnership with gbMSM who used substances. It consisted of 39 harm reduction strategies before, during, and after episodes of use. The components of the intervention were health and self-care, safety, and psychopharmacology. The intervention was delivered at a university campus, a public recreational space, and an HIV public clinic. Feasibility to deliver the intervention was assessed based on enrolment and completion rates; acceptability through a 28-item, 5-point Likert scale (140 max.) constructed and validated for the Mexican population with good reliability coefficients; usefulness through a 5-point Likert scale ("not useful"-"very useful") for each of the 39 strategies; and potential behavioral change by subtracting the likelihood of implementing each strategy minus the frequency of use of the technique before the intervention. RESULTS Participants (n = 19; recruitment rate = 35.2%; completion rate = 84.2%) rated the intervention as acceptable with a mean score of 121.6 (SD = 7.5). The highest potential for behavioral change was regarding the use of information about the half-life of stimulants, polysubstance use, and overdose prevention. CONCLUSIONS This intervention is feasible when provided within public health services where potential participants are already in contact. Harm reduction strategies need to surpass sexually transmitted infections prevention and HIV care and focus on substance use and mental health strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Rafful
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Ciudad Universitaria 04510, Coyoacan, Mexico City, Mexico.
- Center for Global Mental Health, National Institute of Psychiatry, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Ricardo Orozco
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Ciudad Universitaria 04510, Coyoacan, Mexico City, Mexico
- Center for Global Mental Health, National Institute of Psychiatry, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Daniela Peralta
- Center for Global Mental Health, National Institute of Psychiatry, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Leonardo Jiménez-Rivagorza
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Ciudad Universitaria 04510, Coyoacan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María Elena Medina-Mora
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Ciudad Universitaria 04510, Coyoacan, Mexico City, Mexico
- Center for Global Mental Health, National Institute of Psychiatry, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nely Gutiérrez
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Ciudad Universitaria 04510, Coyoacan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Missael Morales-Gutierrez
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Ciudad Universitaria 04510, Coyoacan, Mexico City, Mexico
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Meng Y, Zhu T, Chen W, Zhou H, Tao L, Wang X, Li M, Zhang X, Wang D, Wu X, Luo S, Hu C. Understanding physical exercise among individuals with substance use disorders using an integrated theoretical perspective of the health action process approach and theory of planned behavior. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1377430. [PMID: 38659689 PMCID: PMC11041632 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1377430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Physical exercise is considered a useful non-pharmacological adjunctive treatment for promoting recovery from substance use disorders (SUD). However, adherence to physical exercise treatments is low, and little is known about what factors are associated with the initiation and maintenance of physical exercise behaviors. The aim of this study was to explore the psychosocial factors underlying these behaviors in individuals with SUD using an integrated theoretical model based on the health action process approach (HAPA) and the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Methods A total of 1,197 individuals with SUDs (aged 37.20 ± 8.62 years) were recruited from 10 compulsory isolation drug rehabilitation centers in Zhejiang Province via convenience sampling according to a set of inclusion criteria. Self-reported data were collected to assess task self-efficacy (TSE), maintenance self-efficacy (MSE), recovery self-efficacy (RSE), outcome expectations (OE), action planning (AP), coping planning (CP), social support (SS), subjective norms (SN), attitude behavior (AB), behavioral intention (BI), perceived behavioral control (PBC), risk perception (RP), exercise stage, and exercise behavior in this integrated model. ANOVA and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to evaluate this model. Results One-way ANOVA revealed that the majority of the moderating variables were significantly different in the exercise phase. Further SEM showed that the model fit the data and revealed several important relationships. TSE, RP, SS, AB, and SN were indirectly associated with physical exercise behavior in individuals with SUD through the BI in the SUD initiation stage. In addition, PBC was directly related to physical exercise behavior in individuals with SUD. In the maintenance stage, MSE, AP, CP and exercise behavior were significantly related. Moreover, AP and CP were mediators of BI and MSE. Conclusion This study is the first attempt to integrate patterns of physical exercise behavior in individuals with SUD. The HAPA-TPB integration model provides a useful framework for identifying determinants of physical exercise behavioral intentions and behaviors in individuals with SUD and for explaining and predicting the initiation and maintenance of physical exercise behaviors in these individuals. Moreover, the model provides scientific guidance for the enhancement of physical exercise adherence in individuals with SUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Meng
- School of Social and Public Administration, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Legal Department, Zhejiang Drug Rehabilitation Administration, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Zhu
- Mental Health and Guidance Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongjie Zhou
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lanping Tao
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoteng Wang
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengya Li
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaofang Zhang
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dongshi Wang
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xingyue Wu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shaochen Luo
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cheng Hu
- Shiliping Compulsory Isolated Detoxification Center, Quzhou, China
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Zheng Y, Zhao Y, Chen X, Li S. Effect of physical exercise on the emotional and cognitive levels of patients with substance use disorder: a meta-analysis. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1348224. [PMID: 38406301 PMCID: PMC10884270 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1348224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study investigated the impact of different modes of physical exercise on the emotional and cognitive levels of patients with Substance Use Disorder (SUD). By exploring the most effective intervention types, cycle, frequency, and duration, we aimed to provide evidence-based recommendations for the adjunctive treatment of SUD. Methods We conducted a systematic search in five databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, and EBSCO, from database inception up to May 2023, and identified 4,255 randomized controlled trials addressing the influence of physical exercise on the emotional and cognitive levels of SUD patients. Data extraction and analysis were performed using Review Manager 5.4 software, focusing on 11 studies that met the inclusion criteria and included 895 participants. Subsequently, a meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 16.0 software, presenting the results in the form of standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Our findings indicate that physical exercise significantly alleviates anxiety and depression in SUD patients while improving their cognitive function. Specifically, physical exercise was found to reduce anxiety (SMD = -0.726 [-1.349, -0.103], p < 0.05) and depression (SMD = -0.666 [-1.077, -0.255], p < 0.05) and enhance cognitive levels (SMD = -0.523 [-0.887, -0.159], p < 0.05) among patients. Subgroup analysis further revealed that SUD patients benefitted most from physical exercise when engaging in aerobic exercises lasting over 12 weeks, with a frequency exceeding 40 sessions and each session lasting more than 60 min. Discussion In conclusion, our study affirms that physical exercise mitigates anxiety and depression while enhancing cognitive function in SUD patients, making it an effective measure for adjunctive clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamiao Zheng
- School of Sports Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
| | - Yiyang Zhao
- School of Sports Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
| | - Xilian Chen
- School of Physical Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- School of Physical Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Li Z, Xia X, Sun Q, Li Y. Exercise intervention to reduce mobile phone addiction in adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1294116. [PMID: 38192396 PMCID: PMC10773895 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1294116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The growing problem of adolescent mobile phone addiction has attracted significant attention, underscoring the importance of identifying approaches to address it. Exercise has been found to reduce adolescent mobile phone addiction; however, its mechanism remains unclear. This review aims to elucidate the potential moderating factors between exercise and mobile phone addiction based on previous studies to provide a reference for adolescents to effectively participate in exercise to reduce mobile phone addiction. Methods Articles were searched in the CNKI, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane, PsycINFO, and PubMed databases according to the inclusion criteria and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Assessment and Meta-analysis (PRISMA). The quality of the literature was assessed by two independent reviewers using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias tool for methodological quality assessment. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 15.1 software for Meta-analysis, standardized mean difference (SMD) was combined using a random effects model, and subgroup analysis was used to explore heterogeneity. Results A total of 12 studies, 17 samples, and 861 subjects were included in the meta-analysis, and all studies were randomized controlled trials. The findings revealed that the exercise intervention significantly reduced mobile phone addiction in adolescents (SMD = -3.11; 95% CI: -3.91, -2.30; p < 0.001). The intervention effect was moderated by multiple variables, such as the measurement tools, exercise intervention types, cycles, frequency, and duration of a single exercise intervention. Conclusion Our findings suggest that exercise could serve as an effective strategy for preventing or ameliorating mobile phone addiction in adolescents. Based on the results of this study, we encourage mobile phone-addicted adolescents to engage in a single exercise using a mix of skills for 30-60 min three or more times weekly for more than eight consecutive weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuxian Li
- School of Physical Education, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xue Xia
- School of Social Development and Health Management, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Qilong Sun
- Liaocheng Infant Normal School, Liaocheng, China
| | - Yansong Li
- School of Physical Education, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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